Tracing multiple scattering trajectories for deep optical imaging in scattering media.

Multiple light scattering hampers imaging objects in complex scattering media. Approaches used in real practices mainly aim to filter out multiple scattering obscuring the ballistic waves that travel straight through the scattering medium. Here, we propose a method that makes the deterministic use of multiple scattering for microscopic imaging of an object embedded deep within scattering media.

Comparative Study on Indium Precursors for Plasma-Enhanced Atomic Layer Deposition of InO and Application to High-Performance Field-Effect Transistors.

Indium oxide (InO) is a transparent wide-bandgap semiconductor suitable for use in the back-end-of-line-compatible channel layers of heterogeneous monolithic three-dimensional (M3D) devices. The structural, chemical, and electrical properties of InO films deposited by plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) were examined using two different liquid-based precursors: (3-(dimethylamino)propyl)-dimethyl indium (DADI) and (,-dimethylbutylamine)trimethylindium (DATI). DATI-derived InO films had higher growth per cycle (GPC), superior crystallinity, and low defect density compared with DADI-derived InO films.

Computational conjugate adaptive optics microscopy for longitudinal through-skull imaging of cortical myelin.

Myelination processes are closely related to higher brain functions such as learning and memory. While their longitudinal observation has been crucial to understanding myelin-related physiology and various brain disorders, skull opening or thinning has been required to secure clear optical access. Here we present a high-speed reflection matrix microscope using a light source with a wavelength of 1.

Tube-Sponge-Inspired Hierarchical Electrocatalysts with Boosted Mass and Electron Transfer for Efficient Oxygen Evolution.

Hindered gas bubble release and limited electron conducting process represent the major bottlenecks for large-scale electrochemical water splitting. Both the desorption of bubbles and continuous electron transport are achievable on the surfaces of biomimetic catalytic materials by designing multiscale structural hierarchy. Inspired by the tubular structures of the deep-sea sponges, an exceptionally active and binder-free porous nickel tube arrays (PNTA) decorated with NiFe-Zn -pore nanosheets (NiFe-P ) are fabricated.

Ultraefficient Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution from Strain-Engineered, Multilayer MoS.

This paper reports an approach to repurpose low-cost, bulk multilayer MoS for development of ultraefficient hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts over large areas (>cm). We create working electrodes for use in HER by dry transfer of MoS nano- and microflakes to gold thin films deposited on prestrained thermoplastic substrates. By relieving the prestrain at a macroscopic scale, a tunable level of tensile strain is developed in the MoS and consequently results in a local phase transition as a result of spontaneously formed surface wrinkles.

Investigation of switching uniformity in resistive memory via finite element simulation of conductive-filament formation.

Herein, we present simulations of conductive filament formation in resistive random-access memory using a finite element solver. We consider the switching material, which is typically an oxide, as a two-phase material comprising low- and high-resistance phases. The low-resistance phase corresponds to a defective and conducting region with a high anion vacancy concentration, whereas the high-resistance phase corresponds to a non-defective and insulating region with a low anion-vacancy concentration.

High-resolution adaptive optical imaging within thick scattering media using closed-loop accumulation of single scattering.

Thick biological tissues give rise to not only the multiple scattering of incoming light waves, but also the aberrations of remaining signal waves. The challenge for existing optical microscopy methods to overcome both problems simultaneously has limited sub-micron spatial resolution imaging to shallow depths. Here we present an optical coherence imaging method that can identify aberrations of waves incident to and reflected from the samples separately, and eliminate such aberrations even in the presence of multiple light scattering.

Selective Activation of Methane on Single-Atom Catalyst of Rhodium Dispersed on Zirconia for Direct Conversion.

Direct methane conversion into value-added products has become increasingly important. Because of inertness of methane, cleaving the first C-H bond has been very difficult, requiring high reaction temperature on the heterogeneous catalysts. Once the first C-H bond becomes activated, the remaining C-H bonds are successively dissociated on the metal surface, hindering the direct methane conversion into chemicals.

Enhanced Endurance Organolead Halide Perovskite Resistive Switching Memories Operable under an Extremely Low Bending Radius.

It was demonstrated that organolead halide perovskites (OHPs) show a resistive switching behavior with an ultralow electric field of a few kilovolts per centimeter. However, a slow switching time and relatively short endurance remain major obstacles for the realization of the next-generation memory. Here, we report a performance-enhanced OHP resistive switching device.

Shaped Ir-Ni bimetallic nanoparticles for minimizing Ir utilization in oxygen evolution reaction.

Shaped Ir-Ni bimetallic nanoparticles were synthesized and used for electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The obtained bimetallic nanoparticles showed significantly enhanced Ir mass activity and durability compared with Ir nanoparticles.

Shape effect of Ag-Ni binary nanoparticles on catalytic hydrogenation aided by surface plasmons.

Ag-Ni binary nanoparticles with different shapes (snowman and core-shell) were synthesized by modulating the lattice strain. In the catalytic hydrogenation of 4-nitrophenol, a significant enhancement of the reaction rate was observed for the snowman shape in comparison with the core-shell shape under light irradiation.

Additive-free hollow-structured Co3O4 nanoparticle Li-ion battery: the origins of irreversible capacity loss.

Origins of the irreversible capacity loss were addressed through probing changes in the electronic and structural properties of hollow-structured Co3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) during lithiation and delithiation using electrochemical Co3O4 transistor devices that function as a Co3O4 Li-ion battery. Additive-free Co3O4 NPs were assembled into a Li-ion battery, allowing us to isolate and explore the effects of the Co and Li2O formation/decomposition conversion reactions on the electrical and structural degradation within Co3O4 NP films. NP films ranging between a single monolayer and multilayered film hundreds of nanometers thick prepared with blade-coating and electrophoretic deposition methods, respectively, were embedded in the transistor devices for in situ conduction measurements as a function of battery cycles.

Over 40 cd/A efficient green quantum dot electroluminescent device comprising uniquely large-sized quantum dots.

Green CdSe@ZnS quantum dots (QDs) of 9.5 nm size with a composition gradient shell are first prepared by a single-step synthetic approach, and then 12.7 nm CdSe@ZnS/ZnS QDs, the largest among ZnS-shelled visible-emitting QDs available to date, are obtained through the overcoating of an additional 1.

'Click' preparation of CuPt nanorod-anchored graphene oxide as a catalyst in water.

In this paper, a simple and powerful method of producing nanoparticle-anchored graphene oxide (GO) composites using a 'click' reaction is demonstrated. This method affords a facile means of anchoring of nanoparticles with various shapes and sizes on the GO. CuPt nanorods with controlled size, aspect ratio (from 1 to 11), and uniformity are synthesized.

Coarsening of bicontinuous structures via nonconserved and conserved dynamics.

Coarsening subsequent to phase separations occurs in many two-phase mixtures. While unique scaled particle size distributions have been determined for highly asymmetric mixtures in which spherical particles form in a matrix, it is not known if a unique scaled structure exists for symmetric mixtures, which yield bicontinuous structures having intricately interpenetrating phase domains. Using large-scale simulations, we have established that unique scaled microstructures exist in symmetric mixtures evolving via nonconserved and conserved dynamics.