Ecodesign of Kesterite Nanoparticles for Thin Film Photovoltaics at Laboratory Scale.

This manuscript investigates the efficient synthesis of copper zinc tin sulfide (CZTS) nanoparticles for CZTS thin film solar cell applications with a primary focus on environmental sustainability. Underpinning the investigation is an initial life-cycle assessment (LCA) analysis. This LCA analysis is conducted to evaluate the environmental impact of different synthesis volumes, providing crucial insights into the sustainability of the synthesis process by considering the flows of material and energy associated with the process.

Enhanced Carrier Collection in Cd/In-Based Dual Buffers in Kesterite Thin-Film Solar Cells from Nanoparticle Inks.

Increasing the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of kesterite CuZnSn(S,Se) (CZTSSe) solar cells has remained challenging over the past decade, in part due to open-circuit voltage ()-limiting defect states at the absorber/buffer interface. Previously, we found that substituting the conventional CdS buffer layer with InS in CZTSSe devices fabricated from nanoparticle inks produced an increase in the apparent doping density of the CZTSSe film and a higher built-in voltage arising from a more favorable energy-band alignment at the absorber/buffer interface. However, any associated gain in was negated by the introduction of photoactive defects at the interface.

[The role of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in sleep deprivation induced Meniere's disease].

By detecting the levels of proteins in the Toll-like receptor-4/nuclear factor-κB （TLR4/NF-κB） signaling pathway and downstream proinflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood of patients with Meniere's disease （MD）, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI） scores were collected to investigate the correlation between sleep disorders and MD and the role of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in mediating sleep disorders inducing MD. Thirty-two MD patients and 20 family members of patients without middle ear and inner ear related diseases were selected. Basic data, PSQI and fasting peripheral blood of all subjects were collected.

Routes to increase performance for antimony selenide solar cells using inorganic hole transport layers.

Simple compound antimony selenide (SbSe) is a promising emergent light absorber for photovoltaic applications benefiting from its outstanding photoelectric properties. Antimony selenide thin film solar cells however, are limited by low open circuit voltage due to carrier recombination at the metallic back contact interface. In this work, solar cell capacitance simulator (SCAPS) is used to interpret the effect of hole transport layers (HTL), i.

Modelling Interfaces in Thin-Film Photovoltaic Devices.

Developing effective device architectures for energy technologies-such as solar cells, rechargeable batteries or fuel cells-does not only depend on the performance of a single material, but on the performance of multiple materials working together. A key part of this is understanding the behaviour at the interfaces between these materials. In the context of a solar cell, efficient charge transport across the interface is a pre-requisite for devices with high conversion efficiencies.

Ge-doping of CZTS nanocrystals and CZTSSe solar absorber films.

CuZnSn(S,Se) (CZTSSe) is a promising material for thin-film photovoltaics, however, the open-circuit voltage () deficit of CZTSSe prevents the device performance from exceeding 13% conversion efficiency. CZTSSe is a heavily compensated material that is rich in point defects and prone to the formation of secondary phases. The landscape of these defects is complex and some mitigation is possible by employing non-stoichiometric conditions.

Recovery Mechanisms in Aged Kesterite Solar Cells.

For successful long-term deployment and operation of kesterites CuZnSn(S Se ) (CZTSSe) as light-absorber materials for photovoltaics, device stability and recovery in kesterite solar cells are investigated. A low-temperature heat treatment is applied to overcome the poor charge extraction that developed in the natural aging process. It is suggested that defect states at aged CZTSSe/CdS heterojunctions were reduced, while apparent doping density in the CZTSSe absorber increased due to Cd/Zn interdiffusion at the heterojunction during the annealing process.

[Analysis of coagulation state in sudden deafness patients with total deafness and vertigo].

To analyze the coagulation status and prognosis of sudden deafness patients with total deafness accompanied by vertigo, and to provide basis for improving the treatment of this disease. From January 2017 to December 2020, 33 patients with total deafness and vertigo sudden deafness who were hospitalized in the Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hebei Provincial People's Hospital were selected as the research group. During the same period, 33 cases of low frequency type, full frequency type, total deafness and 26 cases of high frequency type were treated as control group.

Control over Tuning Fullerene Microcrystals by Means of Engineering Charge-Transfer Interactions.

Multifunctional fullerene microcrystals have been prepared by the involvement of water in the liquid-liquid interfacial precipitation. The resulting microcrystals were characterized microscopically and spectroscopically. The role of water in engineering charge-transfer interactions between fullerenes and electron-donating solvents has been corroborated through thermogravimetric and transient absorption spectroscopy analyses.

Reducing series resistance in CuZnSn(S,Se) nanoparticle ink solar cells on flexible molybdenum foil substrates.

Earth abundant CuZnSnS nanoparticle inks were deposited on molybdenum foil substrates and subsequently converted to high quality thin film CuZnSn(S,Se) photovoltaic absorbers. Integration of these absorbers within a thin film solar cell device structure yields a solar energy conversion efficiency which is comparable to identical devices processed on rigid glass substrates. Importantly, this is only achieved when a thin layer of molybdenum is first applied directly to the foil.

[Analysis the treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss with steroid from different administration routes].

Objective: To explore the treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss with steroid from different administration routes.

Method: One hundred and eighty-eight patients with diagnosis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss were selected, in accordance with the random number table, and all patients were divided into three groups. With different administration routes, they were devided into systemic steroid therapy group, intratympanic steroid therapy group and postauricular steroid therapy group,and the curative effects were collected and analyzed.

Hypoxia promotes radioresistance of CD133-positive Hep-2 human laryngeal squamous carcinoma cells in vitro.

Hypoxia promotes the radioresistance of laryngeal carcinomas and CD133 is one of the markers expressed by tumor-initiating, human laryngeal carcinoma cells. In order to investigate whether CD133-positive Hep-2 cells exhibit a radioresistant phenotype and to determine whether hypoxia promotes this phenotype, we performed a series of experiments. Hep-2 cells, and Hep-2 cells stably expressing hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-targeted small interfering RNA (siRNA) were cultured under hypoxic and normoxic conditions and were treated with varying doses of γ-rays (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 Gy).

Regulation of glucose transporter protein-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor by hypoxia inducible factor 1α under hypoxic conditions in Hep-2 human cells.

The present study evaluated the regulation of glucose transporter protein-1 (Glut-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) under hypoxic conditions in Hep-2 human cells to explore the feasibility of these three genes as tumor markers. Hep-2 cells were cultured under hypoxic and normoxic conditions for 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48 h. The proliferation of Hep-2 cells was evaluated using an MTT assay.

[Impacts of hypoxia on the features and chemoresistance of cancer stem cells in Hep-2 cells and underlying mechanism].

Objective: To investigate the effects of hypoxia on the features and chemoresistance of cancer stem cells in Hep-2 cells and underlying mechanism.

Methods: The shRNA interference recombinant plasmid targeting HIF-1α was synthesized and transfected into Hep-2 cells. The HIF-1α knockdown Hep-2 cells were established after clonal selection and the expression of HIF-1α was measured.

[Expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α and correlated target genes in human laryngeal carcinoma].

Objective: To detect the expression of hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α), glucose transporter protein-1 (GLUT-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in human laryngeal carcinoma tissue, and to study the relationship between hypoxia and HIF-1α, GLUT-1, VEGF in human laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cells and to explore the effect of HIF-1α, GLUT-1 and VEGF as endogenous hypoxic markers on laryngeal carcinoma.

Methods: The expression levels of HIF-1α, GLUT-1 and VEGF were detected in 35 cases of laryngeal carcinoma by SP immunohistochemical methods and in Hep-2 cells by SP immunocytochemical methods. The relationship between HIF-1α and GLUT-1, VEGF protein expression was analyzed.

[The short-term efficacy of autogenous bone pate and palva graft for obliterating huge mastoid cavity in canal wall-down approach].

Objective: To observe the short-term efficacy of autogenous bone pate and Palva graft for obliterating huge remnant mastoid cavity in canal wall down approach.

Method: Retrospective analysis clinical data of twenty-one cholesteatomatous cases operated by one surgeon from 2004 to 2007. In twelve cases, simultaneous III type tympanoplasty (Sheehy, P.