Autologous Fat Grafting for the Treatment of Structural Infraorbital Dark Circles.

Background: Infraorbital dark circles have become a troubling issue for many young people, giving a tired and aged appearance. A significant portion of these dark circles is caused by structural deformities in the lower eyelid area. Many treatment methods have been introduced for the treatment of structural dark circles (SDC).

Corrective treatment for tear trough deformity in a young population utilizing two-dimensional fat injections.

Objectives: Tear trough deformity (TTD) is becoming a growing concern for those seeking facial rejuvenation, and various treatment strategies have been reported. Among treatment options is micro-autologous fat injection, which appears to be an effective approach to recontour the tear trough in the young. The study we present here investigated the reliability and effectiveness of two-dimensional fat injections (TDFI) in the treatment of young patients with TTD.

An Investigation of Cutting Performance and Action Mechanism in Ultrasonic Vibration-Assisted Milling of Ti6Al4V Using a PCD Tool.

A polycrystalline diamond (PCD) tool is employed in cutting various titanium alloys because of its excellent properties. However, improving the cutting performance of titanium alloys is still a challenge. Here, an experimental investigation on the influence of ultrasonic vibration-assisted machining (UVAM) of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy on the cutting performance and action mechanism was studied using a PCD tool.

Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes suppress dermal fibroblasts-myofibroblats transition via inhibiting the TGF-β1/Smad 2/3 signaling pathway.

Objective: Exosomes originated from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) benefit wound healing. This study investigated effects of exosomes originated from human umbilical cord MSCs (hUC-MSCs) on dermal fibroblasts-myofibroblasts transition via the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling pathway.

Methods: Firstly, hUC-MSCs were collected and identified.

Paclitaxel-loaded star-shaped copolymer nanoparticles for enhanced malignant melanoma chemotherapy against multidrug resistance.

Malignant melanoma (MM) is the most dangerous type of skin cancer with annually increasing incidence and death rates. However, chemotherapy for MM is restricted by low topical drug concentration and multidrug resistance. In order to surmount the limitation and to enhance the therapeutic effect on MM, a new nanoformulation of paclitaxel (PTX)-loaded cholic acid (CA)-functionalized star-shaped poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)-D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) nanoparticles (NPs) (shortly PTX-loaded CA-PLGA-TPGS NPs) was fabricated by a modified method of nanoprecipitation.

Surface Tension Guided Hanging-Drop: Producing Controllable 3D Spheroid of High-Passaged Human Dermal Papilla Cells and Forming Inductive Microtissues for Hair-Follicle Regeneration.

Human dermal papilla (DP) cells have been studied extensively when grown in the conventional monolayer. However, because of great deviation from the real in vivo three-dimensional (3D) environment, these two-dimensional (2D) grown cells tend to lose the hair-inducible capability during passaging. Hence, these 2D caused concerns have motivated the development of novel 3D culture techniques to produce cellular microtissues with suitable mimics.

Assembly of a self-complementary monomer: formation of supramolecular polymer networks and responsive gels.

Self-complementary monomer 1, which combines a macrotricyclic polyether and two dibenzylammonium ions together, was synthesized, and its self-assembly into supramolecular polymer networks by host-guest interactions was studied. For the purpose of comparative study, two model molecules 2 and 3 were also prepared. It was found that model molecule 2 and dibenzylammonium ion 4 form a 1:2 complex in solution and in the solid state, which afforded a model system for the investigation of the assembly behavior of monomer 1.

Isomeric squaraine-based [2]pseudorotaxanes and [2]rotaxanes: synthesis, optical properties, and their tubular structures in the solid state.

On the basis of formation of [2]pseudorotaxane complexes between triptycene-derived tetralactam macrocycles 1a and 1b and squaraine dyes, construction of squaraine-based [2]rotaxanes through clipping reactions were studied in detail. As a result, when two symmetrical squaraines 2d and 2e were utilized as templates, two pairs of isomeric [2]rotaxanes 3a-b and 4a-b as diastereomers were obtained, owing to the two possible linking modes of triptycene derivatives. It was also found, interestingly, that when a nonsymmetrical dye 2g was involved, there existed simultaneously three isomers of [2]rotaxanes in one reaction due to the different directions of the guest threading.

Novel anthracene-based cylindrical macrotricyclic polyether: powerful host for bispyridinium dications.

A novel anthracene-based cylindrical macrotricyclic polyether containing two dibenzo-30-crown-10 cavities has been synthesized and shown to be a powerful host to form 1:1 stable complexes with the rodlike bispyridinium dications (K(a) > 10(5) M(-1)). Moreover, it was found that the complexes could all self-assemble into linear supramolecular arrays and further 2D mosaic-like architectures in the solid state.