First Report of the Rust Fungus on in China and a New Spermogonial and Aecial Host, .

The occurrence of rust fungi on Corydalis bungeana Turcz. and Salix babylonica L. were found in same area of Hebei Province, China from 2022 to 2023.

Research Progresses on the Function and Detection Methods of Insect Gut Microbes.

The insect gut is home to an extensive array of microbes that play a crucial role in the digestion and absorption of nutrients, as well as in the protection against pathogenic microorganisms. The variety of these gut microbes is impacted by factors such as age, diet, pesticides, antibiotics, sex, and caste. Increasing evidence indicates that disturbances in the gut microbiota can lead to compromised insect health, and that its diversity has a far-reaching impact on the host's health.

StPBS2, a MAPK kinase gene, is involved in determining hyphal morphology, cell wall development, hypertonic stress reaction as well as the production of secondary metabolites in Northern Corn Leaf Blight pathogen Setosphaeria turcica.

Mitogen activated protein kinase kinase (MAPKK) is a crucial component in the MAPK signaling pathway. However, the functions of MAPKKs in foliar pathogens remain poorly understood. In the current study, a MAPKK gene designated as StPBS2 was cloned from Setosphaeria turcica and the functions of this gene were investigated by RNAi technology.

StSTE12 is required for the pathogenicity of Setosphaeria turcica by regulating appressorium development and penetration.

In filamentous fungi, the pathogenic mitogen-activated protein kinase (PMK) pathway performs an important function in plant infection. STE12-like genes found in higher eukaryotes encode transcription factors and are regulated by the PMK pathway. However, the functions of STE12-like genes in foliar pathogens remain poorly understood.

Detection of reverse transcription-PCR products by a simple and rapid light scattering technique.

A fast, sensitive and simple light scattering approach is developed to detect reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) products. In the solution of HClO(4), the RT-PCR products can be denatured and aggregated to form large particles, which can result in very strong light scattering. The RT-PCR products of D1/D2 domain in yeast 26S rRNA are successfully quantified with the proposed method.

Microdetermination of proteins by resonance light scattering technique based on aggregation of ferric nanoparticles.

A new method for protein determination is presented that allows measurement of proteins at nanogram levels with simple procedure. The method applies a resonance light scattering (RLS) technique, but based on aggregation of ferric nanoparticles on protein template instead of the usual interaction of organic days with proteins. By mixing ferric colloid with sodium cacodylate buffer solution, ferric nanoparticles can be obtained in the size of about 5nm and kept their positive charges in a wide range of pH 1.

Homogeneous and label-free fluorescence detection of single-nucleotide polymorphism using target-primed branched rolling circle amplification.

We present a simple, sensitive, and cost-effective fluorescent assay of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) with target-primed branched rolling circle amplification (TPBRCA). Designed padlock probe is circularized after perfect hybridization to mutant DNA. Then rolling circle amplification (RCA) reaction can be initiated from the mutant DNA that acts as primer and generates a long tandem single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) product.

Ferric nanoparticle-based resonance light scattering determination of DNA at nanogram levels.

A novel assay of DNA has been proposed by using ferric nanoparticles as probes coupled with resonance light scattering (RLS) detection. At pH 7.40, the RLS intensity of ferric nanoparticles can be greatly enhanced by the aggregation of positively charged ferric nanoparticles through electrostatic interaction with negatively charged DNA.

Chemiluminescent detection of DNA hybridization using gold nanoparticles as labels.

A chemiluminescent (CL) detection method has been developed for DNA hybridization. The assay relies on a sandwich-type DNA hybridization in which gold nanoparticles modified with alkylthiol-capped oligonucleotide strands are used as probes to monitor the presence of the specific target DNA. The AuCl(4)(-), which is the dissolving product of the gold nanoparticles anchored on the DNA hybrids, serves as an analyte in the H(2)O(2)-luminol- AuCl(4)(-) CL reaction for the indirect measurement of the target DNA.

A chemiluminescent metalloimmunoassay based on silver deposition on colloidal gold labels.

A sensitive chemiluminescent (CL) immunoassay of human immunoglobulin (IgG) which combined the inherent high sensitivity of CL analysis with the dramatic signal amplification of silver precipitation on colloidal gold tags was developed. First, the sandwich-type complex was formed in this protocol by the primary antibody immobilized on the polystyrene wells, the analyte in the sample, and the secondary antibody labeled with colloidal gold. Second, the colloidal gold was treated by an Ag(+) reduction solution, which resulted in the catalytic precipitation of silver on the surface of colloidal gold.