Bioactive Carbon Dots from Clove Residue: Synthesis, Characterization, and Osteogenic Properties.

: Bone regeneration using nanomaterial-based approaches shows promise for treating critical bone defects. However, developing sustainable and cost-effective therapeutic materials remains challenging. This study investigates the osteogenic potential of clove-derived carbon dots (C-CDs) for bone regeneration applications.

Effects of breccia and water contents on the mechanical properties of fault-core-zone materials.

Determining the mechanical properties of fault-core-zone materials is challenging because of the low strength of such materials, which affects field sampling, specimen preparation, and laboratory testing. We overcame this problem by preparing and testing mechanical properties of 132 artificial fault-core-zone specimens consisting of mixtures of breccia, sand, clay, and water. The unconfined compressive strength (UCS), elastic modulus (E), and penetration resistance value (PRV) of these fault-core-zone materials were measured, and the effects of breccia content and water content on mechanical properties were assessed.

Relationship between chronic exposure to ambient air pollution and mental health in Korean adult cancer survivors and the general population.

Background: Although a significant association between air pollution and mental health has been identified, few studies have addressed this relationship based on cancer diagnosis. This study investigated whether associations between long-term air pollution and mental health conditions differ based on whether the individual has been diagnosed with cancer.

Methods: Nationally representative data were used and a total of 38,101 adults were included in the analyses.

Association of Metabolically Healthy Obesity and Future Depression: Using National Health Insurance System Data in Korea from 2009-2017.

(1) Background: The health implications associated with the metabolically healthy obese (MHO) phenotype, in particular related to symptoms of depression, are still not clear. the purpose of this study is to check whether depression and metabolic status are relevant by classifying them into four groups in accordance with the MHO diagnostic standard. Other impressions seen were the differences between sexes and the effects of the MHO on the occurrence of depression.

Flattening the Curve on COVID-19: South Korea's Measures in Tackling Initial Outbreak of Coronavirus.

The spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is causing an unprecedented crisis around the world, with South Korea being no exception. South Korea experienced a surge of COVID-19 cases on February 19, 2020, but was able to flatten the COVID-19 curve in only 20 days without enforcing lockdown measures that restrict the freedom and movement of people. The actual field experience of the Korean government's COVID-19 response team, who participated in drafting the document "Tackling COVID-19: Health, Quarantine, and Economic Measures: Korean experience," was examined and an in-depth analysis was conducted of the South Korean government's experience dealing with the Middle East respiratory syndrome of 2015.

Searching for Digital Technologies in Containment and Mitigation Strategies: Experience from South Korea COVID-19.

Background: Korea has achieved health policy objectives in pandemic management so far, namely minimizing mortality, flattening the epidemic curve, and limiting the socio-economic burden of its measures. The key to the Korean government's success in combating COVID-19 lies with the latest digital technologies (DTs). The prompt and effective application of DTs facilitates both containment as well as mitigation strategies and their sub-policy measures.

COVID-19 in South Korea: Lessons for developing countries.

South Korea's response is considered by many as one the most effective models against COVID-19. The average number of new cases per day fell to 6.4 in the first week of May and currently 90% of all confirmed cases have fully recovered after a massive outbreak in February 29.

Estimation of the Structural and Geomechanical Anisotropy in Fault Gouges Using 3D Micro-Computed Tomography (μ-CT).

Fault gouges play an important role in the shear deformation of fault zones, by causing weakness and frictional instability in structures. Previous studies have investigated the evolution of shear deformation of fault zones by observing experiments using remolded and synthetic gouge specimens at a micro-scale. However, how the spatial configuration of the rock constituents accounts for the 3D anisotropy of intact structures of fault gouges, particularly at the core-scale, is not well understood.

A genome-wide by PM interaction study identifies novel loci for lung function near BICD1 and IL1RN-IL1F10 genes in Korean adults.

Although several genome-wide interaction studies (GWIS) have been performed in specific European populations to understand the missing link between genetic and environmental factors for lung function, GWIS of Asian samples remain rare. Therefore, we performed a GWIS of exposure to air pollution to identify loci for lung function in Korean adult men. A total of 1826 adult men recruited from two health check-up centers were included in the analysis and the annual mean concentrations of ambient particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤10 μm (PM) were used.

Association of Ambient Air Pollution with Increased Liver Enzymes in Korean Adults.

An association between exposure to air pollution and liver enzymes in certain areas or older people has been reported in the literature; however, it cannot be generalized to the general population. We investigated the association between air pollution, liver enzyme levels, and alcohol consumption using nationwide data of South Korean adults. Air pollutants included particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤10 µm (PM), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), sulfur dioxide (SO₂), and carbon monoxide (CO).

Interactions of CDH13 gene polymorphisms and ambient PM air pollution exposure with blood pressure and hypertension in Korean men.

Associations between air pollution and blood pressure (BP) traits can be modified by several candidate genes, which might explain differences in individual genetic susceptibility. Based on recent evidence hypothesized to link air pollution and BP traits, we examined whether the polymorphisms of CDH13-a candidate gene-would modify the relationship between them in adult Korean men. A total of 1816 subjects were included.

CYP1A1 gene polymorphisms modify the association between PM exposure and lung function.

Genetic epidemiological studies have provided evidence that several genes modify the link between air pollution and lung function. We assessed whether the adverse impacts of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤10 μm (PM) on lung function are modified by CYP1A1 gene polymorphisms in Korean adults. We used health check-up data from 1817 men, and the annual mean concentrations of ambient PM estimated from the ambient data.

Association between exposure to ambient air pollution and renal function in Korean adults.

Background: Ambient air pollution has a negative effect on many diseases, such as cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. Recent studies have reported a relationship between air pollution and renal function, but the results were limited to exposure to particulate matter (PM). This study was to identify associations between various air pollutants and renal function among Korean adults.

Estimation of CO emissions from waste incinerators: Comparison of three methods.

Climate-relevant CO emissions from waste incineration were compared using three methods: making use of CO concentration data, converting O concentration and waste characteristic data, and using a mass balance method following Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) guidelines. For the first two methods, CO and O concentrations were measured continuously from 24 to 86 days. The O conversion method in comparison to the direct CO measurement method had a 4.

CDH13 gene-by-PM interaction effect on lung function decline in Korean men.

Lung function can be influenced by genetic factors, which may explain individual differences in susceptibility to the effects of air pollution. This study investigated whether the effect of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤10 μm (PM) on lung function is modified by Cadherin 13 (CDH13) genetic variants in Korean men. This study included a total of 1827 men who were recruited from two health check-up centers, and the annual average PM concentrations were used.

Geosporobacter ferrireducens sp. nov., an anaerobic iron-reducing bacterium isolated from an oil-contaminated site.

In this study, an alkaliphilic and heterotrophic iron-reducing bacterial strain, IRF9(T), was isolated from an oil-contaminated soil in the Republic of Korea. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain IRF9(T) belongs to the genus Geosporobacter in the family Clostridiaceae and is most closely related to Geosporobacter subterraneus VNs68(T) (96.9 % sequence similarity).

Marinoscillum luteum sp. nov., isolated from marine sediment.

A novel strain, designated SJP7(T), was isolated from sediment of the Tofua Arc of the Tonga Trench. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of the isolate showed the highest similarity to that of Marinoscillum pacificum KCCM 42325(T) (95.9%).

Nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling of neopentyl arenesulfonates with methyl and primary alkylmagnesium bromides.

[reaction: see text] Neopentyl arenesulfonates were reacted with methyl and primary alkylmagnesium bromides in the presence of dppeNiCl(2), via the nucleophilic aromatic substitution of neopentyloxysulfonyl groups by the primary alkyl nucleophiles, to produce the corresponding alkylarenes in good yields. This result shows that the alkyloxysulfonyl group might be a suitable alternative to halides and triflate in some circumstances.