Toxicological evaluation and preliminary exposure assessment on glycerol monocaprylate.

As a commonly used food preservative, glycerol monocaprylate (GMC) has limited information and lacked a comprehensive risk assessment. In this study, we conducted in vitro genotoxicity tests, a 90-day subchronic toxicity study, and dietary exposure assessment in China. Rats (n = 10/sex/group) were orally administered GMC at doses of 1.

Genotoxicity evaluation of food additive titanium dioxide using a battery of standard in vivo tests.

The increasing use of titanium dioxide (TiO) nanoparticles (NPs) has raised concern about the safety of food additive TiO. TiO has been considered no longer safe by EFSA due to concerns over genotoxicity, however, there are conflicting opinions upon the safety of TiO as a food additive, and the number of in vivo genotoxicity studies conducted on food additive TiO was limited. In order to investigate the potential genotoxicity of food additive TiO, we evaluated the genotoxicity of a commercial food additive TiO (average size of 135.

Toxicokinetics of zinc oxide nanoparticles and food grade bulk-sized zinc oxide in rats after oral dosages.

The increasing application of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in consumer products has raised concerns about the potential health risks in human. It is crucial to understand the toxicokinetic information of ZnO NPs, especially the differences between NPs and non-nano form material. This study investigated the toxicokinetic profile of ZnO NPs and food grade bulk-sized ZnO in rats after single or repeated oral dosages.

Safety assessment of phytase transgenic maize 11TPY050 in Sprague-Dawley rats by 90-day feeding study.

The present study aimed to evaluate the subchronic toxicity of feeding with phytase-transgenic maize line 11TPY050 in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Rats (n = 10/sex/group) were fed with 12.5%, 25% or 50% (w/w) transgenic maize diet, 12.

Safety evaluation of BPL9K-4 rice in a subchronic rodent feeding study.

In the present study, a new genetically modified rice producing phytase-lactoferricin fusion protein, BPL9K-4, was evaluated for safety in a 90-day rat feeding study. Rats were fed rodent diets formulated with BPL9K-4 rice, and were compared with rats fed diets formulated with its corresponding non-transgenic parental rice 9 K, commercially available non-transgenic rice Weiyou64, and a basal diet. BPL9K-4 and 9 K rice were formulated into diets at concentrations of 15%, 30% and 60%, and Weiyou64 common rice was added to diets at concentration of 60%.

CCL2-CCR2 axis recruits tumor associated macrophages to induce immune evasion through PD-1 signaling in esophageal carcinogenesis.

Background: The poor prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) highlights the need for novel strategies against this disease. Our previous study suggested the involvement of CCL2 and tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) in esophageal carcinogenesis. Despite the recognition of TAMs as a promising target for cancer treatment, mechanisms underlying its infiltration, activation and tumor-promotive function in ESCC remain unknown.

Tocopherols inhibit esophageal carcinogenesis through attenuating NF-κB activation and CXCR3-mediated inflammation.

Esophageal cancer is one of the common causes of cancer mortality in the world. The predominant histological subtype, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), often results in poor prognosis due to the lack of effective approaches for the early diagnosis and treatment, highlighting the need for preventive intervention against this disease. Here we report that dietary tocopherols significantly prevents esophageal carcinogenesis by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and the subsequent interaction of chemokine CXCL9/10/11 with their receptor CXCR3 in ESCC induced by N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine (NMBA) in murine models.

Alpha-Tocopherol prevents esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by modulating PPARγ-Akt signaling pathway at the early stage of carcinogenesis.

The poor prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) emphasizes the urgent need to better understand the carcinogenesis and develop prevention strategies. Previous studies have highlighted the potential of using Vitamin E (tocopherols) for cancer chemoprevention, but the preventive activity of α-Tocopherol against ESCC remains to be elucidated. Our data showed that early-stage supplementation with α-Tocopherol significantly prevented esophageal carcinogenesis induced by -nitrosomethylbenzylamine (NMBA) in ESCC rat model.

A 90-day toxicity study of GmTMT transgenic maize in Sprague-Dawley rats.

GmTMT transgenic maize is a genetically modified maize plant that overexpresses the γ-tocopherol methyltransferase (γ-TMT) from Glycine max (Gm). The γ-TMT gene was introduced into maize line Zhen58 to encode the GmTMT2a protein which can convert γ-tocopherol into α-tocopherol. Overexpression of GmTMT2a significantly increased the α-tocopherol content in transgenic maize.

[Study on sub-chronic toxicity of powered milk containing transgenic human alpha-lactalbumin].

Objective: To investigate the potential toxic or adverse effect of transgenic human alpha-lactalbumin powered milk on rats.

Methods: Weanling Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups according the weight: three transgenic milk powder (T) groups, three non-transgenic milk powder (N) groups and the control (C) group. The diets of T groups contain 15%, 30% and 60% transgenic human alpha-lactalbumin milk powder.

[Effect of diisobutyl phthalate on antioxidase activity and DNA damage in mice].

Objective: To investigate the oxidative damage of mice induced by diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP) and the mechanism of free radical oxidative damage caused by DiBP.

Methods: Sixty KunMing mice were divided by weight into 5 groups after accommodation to the experimental animal room for 3 days. The control group and 4 DiBP groups, group I, II, III and IV, were given DiBP in corn oil by gavages at the dosage of 0, 50, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg respectively.

[90-day subchronic toxicity study of aloe whole-leaf powder].

90-day subchronic toxicity study of aloe whole-leaf powder was conducted to observe the effect of aloe whole-leaf powder on health. 88 SD rats were divided randomly into 4 groups, and each group consisted of 11 males and 11 females. The animals in group 2-4 received aloe whole-leaf powder mixed in regular rodent diet at doses of 2, 4 and 8 g/kg BW (by rate of 2.