Association of body index with fecal microbiome in children cohorts with ethnic-geographic factor interaction: accurately using a Bayesian zero-inflated negative binomial regression model.

Unlabelled: The exponential growth of high-throughput sequencing (HTS) data on the microbial communities presents researchers with an unparalleled opportunity to delve deeper into the association of microorganisms with host phenotype. However, this growth also poses a challenge, as microbial data are complex, sparse, discrete, and prone to zero inflation. Herein, by utilizing 10 distinct counting models for analyzing simulated data, we proposed an innovative Bayesian zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) regression model that is capable of identifying differentially abundant taxa associated with distinctive host phenotypes and quantifying the effects of covariates on these taxa.

Insights into the microbiota of raw milk from seven breeds animals distributing in Xinjiang China.

Owing to its high nutritional content, raw milk contains a rich microbiota. Thus, to study microorganisms present in raw milk available in Xinjiang China, 142 raw milk samples from seven animal breeds (cow, sheep, goat, donkey, horse, camel, and yak) and four regions (Hami, Tarbagatay, Kashgar, and Ili) were analyzed by high-throughput DNA sequencing. These microorganisms were characterized by 10 dominant phyla.

Omics analysis of key pathway in flavour formation and B vitamins synthesis during chickpea milk fermentation by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum.

Chickpea milk is a nutrient-rich plant-based milk, but its pronounced beany flavour limits consumer acceptance. To address this issue, chickpea milk was fermented using two strains of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, FMBL L23251 and L23252, which efficiently utilize chickpea milk. L.

Genetic specialization of key bifidobacterial phylotypes in multiple mother-infant dyad cohorts from geographically isolated populations.

Little has been known about symbiotic relationships and host specificity for symbionts in the human gut microbiome so far. are a paragon of the symbiotic bacteria biota in the human gut. In this study, we characterized the population genetic structure of three bifidobacteria species from 58 healthy mother-infant pairs of three ethnic groups in China, geographically isolated, by Rep-PCR, multi-locus sequence analysis (MLSA), and carbohydrate utilization.

Whole-genome resequencing and transcriptional profiling association analysis revealed the intraspecies difference response to oligosaccharides utilization in subsp. .

Introduction: As prebiotics, oligosaccharides are frequently combined with to develop synbiotic products. However, a highly diverse gene repertoire of is involved in sugar catabolism, and even phylogenetically close species may differ in their sugar utilization capabilities. To further explore the mechanism underlying the differences in subsp.

The Biotransformation and Influence on the Functional Activities of Metabolites during the Fermentation of Wall. Juice by subsp. HN-3.

Wall. (EWS) has extensive nutrients and functional active ingredients, which makes it an excellent potential substrate for fermentation. The improvement in the antioxidant activity of Wall.

Characteristics of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Derived from Food and Humans in Northern Xinjiang, China.

This study aimed to investigate the drug resistance, molecular characteristics, and genetic relationship of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing isolated from food and human stool samples in northern Xinjiang. From 2015 to 2016, a total of 431 samples (meats and vegetables) were collected from retail markets and supermarkets located in the regions of Urumqi, Shihezi, and Kuitun in Xinjiang, China, and 20 human stool samples from the Shihezi Hospital. The PCR method was used to detect , and the presence of ESBL-producing was confirmed using the K-B disk diffusion confirmatory method.

Chemical Structure and Microscopic Morphology Changes of Dyed Wood Holocellulose Exposed to UV Irradiation.

Dyed wood is prone to photoaging when exposed to UV irradiation which decreases its decorative effect and service life. Holocellulose, as the main component of dyed wood, has a photodegradation behavior which is still unclear. To investigate the effect of UV irradiation on chemical structure and microscopic morphology changes of dyed wood holocellulose, Maple birch () dyed wood and holocellulose were exposed to UV accelerated aging treatment; the photoresponsivity includes crystallization, chemical structure, thermal stability, and microstructure were studied.

Genetic-Phenotype Analysis of and Its Glycoside Hydrolase Gene Distribution at Different Age Groups.

Human gut microbiota interfere with host development and aging. is a microbial genus found in the human digestive tract that has probiotic activities such as improving constipation and enhancing immunity. The species and numbers present change with age, but there has been limited research on probiotic gut microbiota at specific ages.

Prebiotic activity of chitooligosaccharides and their ability to alleviate necrotizing enterocolitis in newborn rats.

Chitooligosaccharides (COS) have many bioactive functions and favorable prospects in the fields of biomedicine and functional foods. In this study, COS was found to significantly improve the survival rate of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) model rats, alter the composition of the intestinal microbiota, inhibit the expression of inflammatory cytokines, and alleviate intestinal pathological injury. In addition, COS also increased the abundance of Akkermansia, Bacteroides, and Clostridium sensu stricto 1 in the intestines of normal rats (the normal rat model is more universal).

Shwachman Diamond Syndrome with Arrhythmia as the First Manifestation a Case Report and Literature Review.

Objective: Analyze the different clinical manifestations and genetic characteristics of Shwachman diamond syndrome (SDS).

Methods: The clinical data of a case of neonatal onset Shwachman diamond syndrome with arrhythmia as the first manifestation were retrospectively analyzed, and the relevant literature was reviewed to summarize the clinical manifestations, genetic characteristics and treatment of Shwachman diamond syndrome.

Results: The patient, female, age 1 month 24 days, with ventricular arrhythmia as the first manifestation, accompanied by growth retardation, liver damage, and persistent decrease in peripheral blood neutrophil count (< 1.

Enhanced thermal stability of the β-galactosidase BgaB from Bacillus circulans by cyclization mediated via SpyTag/SpyCatcher interaction and its use in galacto-oligosaccharides synthesis.

Cyclization of proteins using SpyTag/SpyCatcher is a novel approach to increase their thermal stability. In this paper, we test this approach on two β-galactosidases from Bacillus circulans, BgaB and BgaC, and find that BgaB was stabilized while BgaC was not. Wild-type BgaB precipitated completely upon heating above 70 °C, but after SpyRing cyclization, it remained soluble after heating to 90 °C.

Contrasting Diversity and Composition of Human Colostrum Microbiota in a Maternal Cohort With Different Ethnic Origins but Shared Physical Geography (Island Scale).

Colostrum represents an important source for the transfer of important commensal bacteria from mother to newborn and has a strong impact on the newborn's health after birth. However, the composition of the colostrum microbiome is highly heterogeneous due to geographic factors and ethnicity (maternal, cultural, and subsistence factors). By analyzing the colostrum 16S rRNA gene full-length sequencing dataset in 97 healthy mothers (60 from Han, 37 from Li) from the Hainan island of China, we showed that the ethnic differences of the colostrum microbiome in a maternal cohort with different ethnic origins shared physical geography.

Ethnic Specificity of Species and Strain Composition of Populations From Mother-Infant Pairs, Uncovered by Multilocus Sequence Typing.

The maternal gut is thought to be the principal source of potential probiotic bacteria in the infant gut during the lactation stage. It is not clear whether facultative symbiont lactobacilli strictly follow vertical transmission from mother to infant and display the ethnic specificity in terms of species and strain composition in mother-infant cohorts. In the present study, a total of 16 former species (365 strains) and 11 species (280 strains) were retrieved from 31 healthy mother-infant pairs of two ethnic groups, which have never intermarried, respectively.

Prevalence and Characteristics of Isolated From Retail Raw Milk in Northern Xinjiang, China.

is one of the main pathogens causing mastitis in dairy animals worldwide. It is an important opportunistic pathogen of raw milk, and the enterotoxin causes significant food poisoning. Monitoring the antibiotic resistance of in raw milk is helpful for a risk assessment of .

Comparison of milk fat globule membrane and whey proteome between Dromedary and Bactrian camel.

Camel milk is rich in nutrients and its impact on human medicine and nutrition cannot be ignored. We conducted an in-depth analysis of milk proteins obtained from two camel breed (Camelus bactrianus, CB and Camelus dromedarius, CD). Label-free proteomic technology was performed to analysis the MFGM and whey proteomes of CB and CD milk.

Exopolysaccharides produced by Pediococcus acidilactici MT41-11 isolated from camel milk: Structural characteristics and bioactive properties.

In this study, the chemical structure and bioactive properties of the EPS of Pediococcus acidilactici MT41-11 isolated from camel milk were investigated. Two polysaccharide fractions (EPS-1, EPS-2) with molecular weights about 69.0 kDa were obtained, which were purified using DEAE-Sepharose and Sephadex G-100 chromatography.

Association and Occurrence of Bifidobacterial Phylotypes Between Breast Milk and Fecal Microbiomes in Mother-Infant Dyads During the First 2 Years of Life.

Breast milk acts as an intermediary for the transfer of functionally important commensal bacteria from mother to infant, especially for that can colonize the infant gut. However, the vast majority of rRNA amplicon-based studies reported the conspicuous intercohort and interindividual variation for the prevalence of in breast milk. In order to elucidate whether phylotypes persistently co-occured at the species or strain level in mother-breast milk-infant triads, we analyzed collectively the next-generation sequencing (NGS) datasets of bacterial 16S rRNA gene and the -specific EL gene from maternal feces, breast milk, and infant feces in a small yet very homogeneous cohort of 25 healthy Uyghur mother-infant pairs (lactation for 7-720 days) in Kashgar, Xinjiang, China.

Evaluation of indigenous lactic acid bacteria of raw mare milk from pastoral areas in Xinjiang, China, for potential use in probiotic fermented dairy products.

In the present study 114 lactic acid bacteria strains, isolated from raw mare milks from pastoral areas for ethnic minorities in northwest China, were screened for probiotic traits, and their characteristics were compared with those of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, a commercial strain. Among the 114 strains identified, the most common species was Pediococcus pentosaceus (n = 52), followed by Leuconostoc lactis (n = 35), Lactobacillus helveticus (n = 7), Lactobacillus plantarum (n = 6), Lactobacillus kefiri (n = 5), Lactobacillus curvatus (n = 4), Lactobacillus paracasei (n = 3), and Lactococcus garvieae (n = 3). Based on acid and bile salt tolerance, 15 strains were further selected.

Complete Genome Sequence Analysis of Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans XJFY6S-08 Reveals Environmental Adaptation to Alpine Acid Mine Drainage.

The present work reported the complete genome sequence analysis of Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans strain XJFY6S-08 isolated from acid mine drainage in Fuyun copper mine in Xinjiang, China, revealing the potential for extreme environmental adaptation. The strain XJFY6S-08 possesses 3,161,380 bp in length and 56.55% GC content.

The Composition and Concordance of Populations of Infant Gut and the Corresponding Breast-Milk and Maternal Gut.

The maternal gut is the principal source of commensal bacteria in the infant gut during the lactation stage, where breast milk acts as an intermediary for the transfer of potential probiotic bacteria consortia, including . This study aimed to characterize the bacterial communities in human milk, maternal, and infant feces in a small yet very homogeneous cohort of 25 healthy mother-infant pairs in northwestern China ( = 25, infant age from 7 days to 2 years), with special emphasis on the cooccurrence and vertical transfer of phylotypes at the species or strain level in mother-breast milk-infant triads. Accurate sequencing analysis revealed that among 73 zero-radius operational classification units (ZOTUs) identified, 58 belonging to 18 recognized species or species groups were distributed in all three types of samples.

Genotyping and plant-derived glycan utilization analysis of Bifidobacterium strains from mother-infant pairs.

Background: Bifidobacteria are important probiotics; some of the beneficial effects of bifidobacteria are achieved by the hydrolysis of glycans in the human gut. However, because the diet of breastfed infants typically lacks plant-derived glycans, in the gut environment of mothers and their breastfed infants, the mother will intake a variety of plant-derived glycans, such as from onions and bananas, through her diet. Under this assumption, we are interested in whether the same species of bifidobacteria isolated from mother-infant pairs present a distinction in their hydrolysis of plant-derived carbohydrates.

Complete Genome Sequence of YNTRS-40, a Strain of the Ferrous Iron- and Sulfur-Oxidizing Acidophile.

YNTRS-40 () is a chemolithoautotrophic aerobic bacterium isolated from Tengchong hot springs, Yunnan Province, China, with a broad growth pH range of 1.0-4.5.