Dual modes of DNA N-methyladenine maintenance by distinct methyltransferase complexes.

Stable inheritance of DNA N-methyladenine (6mA) is crucial for its biological functions in eukaryotes. Here, we identify two distinct methyltransferase (MTase) complexes, both sharing the catalytic subunit AMT1, but featuring AMT6 and AMT7 as their unique components, respectively. While the two complexes are jointly responsible for 6mA maintenance methylation, they exhibit distinct enzymology, DNA/chromatin affinity, genomic distribution, and knockout phenotypes.

High cellular plasticity state of medulloblastoma local recurrence and distant dissemination.

Medulloblastoma (MB), a heterogeneous pediatric brain tumor, poses challenges in the treatment of tumor recurrence and dissemination. To characterize cellular diversity and genetic features, we comprehensively analyzed single-cell/nucleus RNA sequencing (sc/snRNA-seq), single-nucleus assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing (snATAC-seq), and spatial transcriptomics profiles and identified distinct cellular populations in SHH (sonic hedgehog) and Group_3 subgroups, with varying proportions in local recurrence or dissemination. Local recurrence showed higher cycling tumor cell enrichment, whereas disseminated lesions had a relatively notable presence of differentiated subsets.

Centipeda minima extracts and the active sesquiterpene lactones have therapeutic efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer by suppressing Skp2/p27 signaling pathway.

Ethnophamacological Relevance: Centipeda minima (L.) A. Braun & Asch (C.

Amplified growth and heavy metal toxicity of Chlorococcum sp. from exposure to low-dose lanthanum(III).

Rare earth elements (REEs) are extensively utilized in industry, agriculture, advanced materials and other fields, leading to their dispersion in water bodies as emerging contaminants. Meanwhile, the coexistence of REEs and heavy metals (HMs) has become a novel form of water contamination (REE-HM co-contamination), though scientists have limited understanding of its hazards. Here, Chlorococcum sp.

High-performance aqueous zinc-ion hybrid micro-supercapacitors enabled by oxygen-rich functionalised MXene nanofibres.

Aqueous zinc-ion hybrid micro-supercapacitors (AZIHMSCs) with high power density, moderate energy density, good cycle life and excellent safety are promising candidates for micro-energy storage. Among them, AZIHMSCs based on TiCT MXene anodes and battery-type cathodes can provide superior performance. However, two-dimensional (2D) TiCT MXene electrodes have an inherent restacking issue and -F surface terminations that hinder ion diffusion and ultimately reduce the energy storage capacity of the corresponding AZIHMSCs.

18F-AlF-NOTA-octreotide PET/CT and 3D printing technology for precision diagnosis and treatment of phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors in patients with tumor-induced osteomalacia: two case reports.

Objective: This study aims to report the application of 18F-AlF-NOTA-Octreotide PET/CT and 3D printing technology in the diagnosis and treatment of phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors (PMT) in patients with tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO).

Case Presentation: A 68-year-old male patient (Case 1) was admitted to the Weifang People's Hospital in August 2022 with complaints of "persistent pain in the bilateral flank and lumbosacral region". 18F-AlF-NOTA-Octreotide PET/CT showed high octreotide expression in the left femoral region.

The Potential of Microorganisms for the Control of Grape Downy Mildew-A Review.

(Berk.et Curtis) Berl. Et de Toni is the pathogen that causes grape downy mildew, which is an airborne disease that severely affects grape yield and causes huge economic losses.

Spontaneous Color Preferences and Associative Learning in (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae).

Color vision, which varies among species, plays an important role in foraging, mating, and habitat selection among insects. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Lewis) is an omnivorous beetle that damages both crops and fruit. Here, to understand the effect of vision and olfaction in host selection, experiments were conducted on the spectral wavelength preference, color preference, and associative learning ability of adult using LED lights and grapes.

Bottom-up effects of nutrient solutions on grape-grape phylloxera (Daktulosphaira vitifoliae) interaction.

Fertilizers generally influence the nutritional quality or defense ability of the plants, which can indirectly cause an increase in populations of herbivorous insect pests such as grape phylloxera, Daktulosphaira vitifoliae (Homoptera: Phylloxeridae, Fitch). The effects of nutrient solutions on grape-grape phylloxera interactions were analyzed using five concentrations (nitrogen content: 15, 30, 60, 120, and 180 mg/L) of Hoagland's nutrient solution to irrigate Vitis vinifera L. × Vitis labrusca L.

Environmental level of lanthanum increased phytoextraction of co-occurring cadmium and polystyrene nanoplastics by Sedum alfredii.

Phytoextraction based on hyperaccumulators is a sustainable bioremediation technology. However, hyperaccumulators can only accumulate a single type of pollutants and need long remediation times, inhibiting simultaneous phytoextraction of co-occurring inorganic and organic pollutants. Here, the study indicated that the environmental level of lanthanum, as an emerging pollutant, was absorbed by leaves and induced endocytosis from leaves to roots (systemic endocytosis) in Sedum alfredii.

Seasonal host shifts based on midgut residues of Protaetia brevitarsis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae).

White-spotted flower chafer adult (Protaetia brevitarsis, Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), a serious omnivorous pest in regions with multiple fruits and crops, was studied to gain a deeper understanding of its damage patterns. DNA molecular tracking technology was used to identify host plant residues in adult P. brevitarsis midgut, and plant species with the most availability were determined during their growing season.

Lumbar fusion efficacy with local bone grafting and platelet-rich plasma: a clinical investigation in treating degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis in the elderly.

Purpose: The focus of this study was to comprehensively assess the clinical outcomes of lumbar fusion utilizing autogenous bone grafting and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for the management of degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis (DLSS) in elderly individuals.

Method: A cohort of 40 senior individuals diagnosed with DLSS, who underwent treatment at our hospital between January 2020 and March 2022. The control group consisted of 20 participants who underwent local bone grafting for intervertebral fusion, while the observation group comprised 20 individuals who received a combination of local bone grafting and PRP for lumbar fusion.

The 5HT4R agonist velusetrag efficacy on neuropathic chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction in PrP-SCA7-92Q transgenic mice.

Background: Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) is a type of intestinal dysfunction with symptoms of intestinal blockage but without the actual mechanical obstruction. Currently, there are no drugs available to treat this disease. Herein, we report the characterization of the PrP-SCA7-92Q transgenic (Tg) line as a valuable CIPO mouse model and investigated the tolerability and efficacy of the 5-hydroxytryptamine type-4 receptor (5HT4R) agonist velusetrag as a promising pharmacological treatment for CIPO.

Effects of Dietary Chitosan on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Indices, Antioxidant Capacity, and Immune Response of Juvenile Tilapia () under Cadmium Stress.

The objective of this study was to examine the effects of varying levels of dietary chitosan supplementation on mitigating cadmium stress and its influence on growth performance, serum biochemical indices, antioxidant capacity, immune response, inflammatory response, and the expression of related genes in juvenile Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia (GIFT, ). Five groups of juvenile tilapias (initial body weight 21.21 ± 0.

Effects of the Thiol Methyltransferase Inhibitor (±)-2,3-Dichloro--Methylbenzylamine (DCMB) on the Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism of Vicagrel in Rats.

P2Y receptor inhibitors are commonly used in clinical antiplatelet therapy, typically alongside other medications. Vicagrel, a promising P2Y receptor inhibitor, has submitted a new drug marketing application to the United States Food and Drug Administration. Its primary metabolites and some metabolic pathways are identical to those of clopidogrel.

Ursolic acid improves necroptosis via STAT3 signaling in intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) poses a serious threat to human survival and quality of life with high mortality and morbidity rates. The current absence of effective treatments for intestinal IRI highlights the urgent need to identify new therapeutic targets. Ursolic acid (UA), a pentacyclic triterpene natural compound, has been shown to possess various pharmacological properties including intestinal protection.

Centipeda minima and 6-O-angeloylplenolin enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Chemotherapeutic agents including cisplatin, gemcitabine, and pemetrexed, significantly enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by increasing PD-L1 expression and potentiating T cell cytotoxicity. However, the low response rate and adverse effects limit the application of chemotherapy/ICI combinations in patients.

Methods: We screened for medicinal herbs that could perturb PD-L1 expression and enhance T cell cytotoxicity in the presence of anti-PD-L1 antibody, and investigated the underlying mechanisms.

A comprehensive comparison of microbial communities between aerobic granular sludge and flocculent sludge for nutrient removal in full-scale wastewater treatment plants.

Understanding the microbial community structure of sludge is crucial for improving the design, operation and optimisation of full-scale wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). This study aimed to have a comprehensive comparison of microbial communities between aerobic granular sludge and flocculent sludge from two full-scale sequential batch reactors-based WWTPs with nutrient removal for the first time. To better understand key functional bacteria such as polyphosphate accumulating bacteria (PAOs), competitive bacteria such as glycogen accumulating bacteria (GAOs) and nitrifying bacteria for both nitrogen and phosphorus removal, another two full-scale WWTPs with only carbon (C) removal and C and nitrogen (N) removal were compared too.

Therapeutic potential of urine-derived stem cells in renal regeneration following acute kidney injury: A comparative analysis with mesenchymal stem cells.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical syndrome with high morbidity and mortality rates. The use of pluripotent stem cells holds great promise for the treatment of AKI. Urine-derived stem cells (USCs) are a novel and versatile cell source in cell-based therapy and regenerative medicine that provide advantages of a noninvasive, simple, and low-cost approach and are induced with high multidifferentiation potential.

Semiconservative transmission of DNA -adenine methylation in a unicellular eukaryote.

Although DNA -adenine methylation (6mA) is best known in prokaryotes, its presence in eukaryotes has recently generated great interest. Biochemical and genetic evidence supports that AMT1, an MT-A70 family methyltransferase (MTase), is crucial for 6mA deposition in unicellular eukaryotes. Nonetheless, the 6mA transmission mechanism remains to be elucidated.

Hematochezia due to rectal invasion by an internal iliac artery aneurysm: A case report.

Background: This case report presents the rare occurrence of hematochezia due to an internal iliac artery aneurysm leading to an arterioenteric fistula, expanding the differential diagnosis for gastrointestinal bleeding. It emphasizes the importance of considering vascular origins in cases of atypical hematochezia, particularly in the absence of common gastrointestinal causes, and highlights the role of imaging and multidisciplinary management in diagnosing and treating such unusual presentations.

Case Summary: A 75-year-old man with a history of hypertension presented with 12 d of hematochezia, experiencing bloody stools 7-8 times per day.