Detection of Verticillium infection in cotton leaves using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy coupled with machine learning algorithms.

Verticillium wilt (VW) is a soil-borne vascular disease that affects upland cotton and is caused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb. A rapid and user-friendly early diagnostic technique is essential for the preventing and controlling VW disease. In this study, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy with attenuated total reflectance (ATR) technology was used to detect VW infection in cotton leaves.

CoP-modified CdS for enhanced stability and photocatalytic hydrogen production under visible light.

The weak electron-hole separation ability and the more severe photocorrosion of CdS largely limit its hydrogen precipitation performance. In this study, CoP loading on the surface of CdS was utilized to form a type I heterojunction. The photocurrent density increased from 2 μA cm to 20 μA cm.

Prognostic 7-SLC-Gene Signature Identified via Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis for Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: Solute carrier (SLC) proteins play an important role in tumor metabolism. But SLC-associated genes' prognostic significance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remained elusive. We identified SLC-related factors and developed an SLC-related classifier to predict and improve HCC prognosis and treatment.

ZnO@Carbon Dot Nanoparticles Stimulating the Antibacterial Activity of Polyvinylidene Fluoride-Hexafluoropropylene with a Higher Electroactive Phase for Multifunctional Devices.

To further advance the application of flexible piezoelectric materials in wearable/implantable devices and robot electronic skin, it is necessary to endow them with a new function of antibacterial properties and with higher piezoelectric performance. Introducing a specially designated nanomaterial based on the nanocomposite effect is a feasible strategy to improve material properties and achieve multifunctionalization of composites. In this paper, carbon dots (CDs) were sensitized onto the surface of ZnO to form ZnO@CDs nanoparticles, which were then incorporated into polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP) to obtain a multifunctional composite.

Enhanced electrocatalytic performance of N-doped carbon xerogels obtained through dual nitrogen doping for the oxygen reduction reaction.

The development of high efficiency and low-cost electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is urgently desired for many energy storage and conversion systems. Nitrogen-doped carbon xerogels (NCXs) which have been successfully applied as effective electrocatalysts for the ORR have continued to attract attention due to their competitive price and tunable surface chemistry. A new dual N-doped NCX (NCoNC) electrocatalyst is fabricated as a carbon based catalyst though a facile impregnation of peptone in a precursor and ammonia etching pyrolysis method.

Effective management of advanced colon cancer genotyping microsatellite stable/microsatellite instable-low with Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene mutation using nivolumab plus ipilimumab combined with regorafenib and irinotecan: A case report.

Microsatellite stable /microsatellite instable-low is the most common colorectal cancer genotype, counting for approximately 85% of common colorectal cancer patients. Treatment of advanced microsatellite stable/microsatellite instable-low colorectal cancer is difficult and successful pharmacological treatment options are currently lacking. Here, we report a case of a 37-year-old man with advanced colorectal cancer genotyping microsatellite stable/microsatellite instable-low with a Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene (G12V) mutation.

Surface Modification of the LiNiCoMnO Cathode Material by Coating with FePO with a Yolk-Shell Structure for Improved Electrochemical Performance.

Coating with FePO with the size of 20-30 nm on the surface of a LiNiCoMnO (NCM811) cathode produces an LFP3@NCM811 cathode via a sol-gel method, which markedly reduces secondary crystal cracking. A stable particle structure greatly improves the cycling stability of the LFP3@NCM811cathode, which retains 97% of its initial discharge capacity compared to NCM811 (78%) after 100 cycles at 2.7-4.

Modulation doping of absorbent cotton derived carbon dots for quantum dot-sensitized solar cells.

In order to improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of quantum dot-sensitized solar cells (QDSC), a series of absorbent cotton derived carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with different dopants (namely carbamide, thiourea, and 1,3-diaminopropane) have been successfully synthesized by a one-pot hydrothermal method. The average particle sizes of the three doped CQDs are 1.7 nm, 5.

Mesenchymal stem cells reverse high‑fat diet‑induced non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease through suppression of CD4+ T lymphocytes in mice.

Although the multipotency of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) makes them an attractive choice for clinical applications, immune modulation is an important factor affecting MSC transplantation. At present, the effect of treatment with MSCs on non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has received little attention. In the present study, a compact bone‑derived method was used to isolate mouse MSCs (mMSCs) and a high‑fat diet was used to establish a mouse model of NAFLD.

Compact bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells attenuate nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in a mouse model by modulation of CD4 cells differentiation.

Increasing evidence has accrued which indicates that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have a potential clinical value in the treatment of certain diseases. Globally, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a widespread disorder. In the present study, MSCs were isolated successfully from compact bone and a mouse model of NASH was established as achieved with use of a methionine-choline deficient (MCD) diet.

Nanoporous TiO₂/SnO₂/Poly(3,4-ethylene-dioxythiophene): Polystyrenesulfonate Composites as Efficient Counter Electrode for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells.

Unlabelled: A nanoporous composite film combined of conducting inorganic template (TiO₂/SnO₂) and conducting polymer catalyst (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrenesulfonate,

Pedot: PSS) was developed as an alternative counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) through low-temperature process. The TiO₂/SnO₂ template was first fabricated by coating a homogeneous TiO₂ nanoparticles blended paste containing a SnCl₄ aqueous solution on the conductive substrate, followed by annealing at 150 °C. The counter electrode was then completed by spin-coating the

Pedot: PSS aqueous solution into the template and drying at 80 °C.

A Single Biosensor for Evaluating the Levels of Copper Ion and L-Cysteine in a Live Rat Brain with Alzheimer's Disease.

Copper ion (Cu(2+)) and L-cysteine (CySH) are closely correlated with physiological and pathological events of Alzheimer's Disease (AD), however the detailed mechanism is still unclear, mainly owing to a lack of accurate analytical methods in live brains. Herein, we report a single biosensor for electrochemical ratiometric detection of Cu(2+) and CySH in live rat brains with AD. N,N-di-(2-picoly)ethylenediamine (DPEA) is first synthesized for specific recognition of Cu(2+) to form a DPEA-Cu(2+) complex.

Molecular evolution and functional divergence of tubulin superfamily in the fungal tree of life.

Microtubules are essential for various cellular activities and β-tubulins are the target of benzimidazole fungicides. However, the evolution and molecular mechanisms driving functional diversification in fungal tubulins are not clear. In this study, we systematically identified tubulin genes from 59 representative fungi across the fungal kingdom.

FgKin1 kinase localizes to the septal pore and plays a role in hyphal growth, ascospore germination, pathogenesis, and localization of Tub1 beta-tubulins in Fusarium graminearum.

The Kin1/Par-1/MARK kinases regulate various cellular processes in eukaryotic organisms. Kin1 orthologs are well conserved in fungal pathogens but none of them have been functionally characterized. Here, we show that KIN1 is important for pathogenesis and growth in two phytopathogenic fungi and that FgKin1 regulates ascospore germination and the localization of Tub1 β-tubulins in Fusarium graminearum.

A biomimetic sensor for the determination of extracellular O(2)(-) using synthesized Mn-TPAA on TiO(2) nanoneedle film.

By immobilizing synthesized Mn-TPAA (TPAA=tris[2-[N-(2-pyridylmethyl) amino] ethyl] amine) on TiO(2) nanoneedle surface, a biosensor for superoxide ion (O(2)(-)) has been developed and applied for determination of O(2)(-) released from living cells. Direct electron transfer of Mn-TPAA is realized with a formal redox potential (E°') falling in the range of the E°' values of the redox couples O(2)/O(2)(-) and O(2)(-)/H(2)O(2). This suggests that Mn-TPAA on TiO(2) films is electrochemically active and capable of thermodynamically mediating both the oxidation of O(2)(-) to O(2) and the reduction of O(2)(-) to H(2)O(2).

A reliable and durable approach for real-time determination of cellular superoxide anion based on biomimetic superoxide dismutase stabilized by a zeolite.

This paper demonstrates a reliable and durable method for in situ real-time determination of O(2)˙(-) based on direct electron transfer of Mn(3)(PO(4))(2), which acts as a superoxide dismutase (SOD). Mn(2+) is ion-exchanged into zeolite-ZSM-5 microstructures, and further coated with poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA). Direct electron transfer of Mn(2+) is greatly facilitated by zeolite microstructures with the formal potential of 561 ± 6 mV vs.

Electrochemical biosensor for the detection of H2O2 from living cancer cells based on ZnO nanosheets.

In this work, direct electron transfer of cytochrome c (cyt. c)--a model for studying the electron transfer of enzymes is achieved at hexagonal ZnO nanosheets by one-step electrodeposition. UV-vis spectra and electrochemical data demonstrate that such ZnO nanosheets can supply a bio-compatible surface to keep the bioactivity of cyt.

Real-time electrochemical monitoring of cellular H2O2 integrated with in situ selective cultivation of living cells based on dual functional protein microarrays at Au-TiO2 surfaces.

This paper demonstrates a novel strategy for site-selective cell adhesion and in situ cultivation of living cells, integrated with real-time monitoring of cellular small biomolecules based on dual functional protein microarrays. The protein microarrays have been produced on the superhydrophobic|philic Au-TiO2 micropatterns, through further modification of L-cysteine (Cys) and followed by successive immobilization of a model protein, cytochrome c (cyt c). Experimental results have revealed that the created cyt c microarrays play dual functions: one is employed as a robust substrate for site-selective cell adhesion and in situ cultivation of living cells, because the protein microarrays exhibit high selectivity and bioaffinity toward cells, as well as long biostability under cell culture condition up to 7 days.

Switching the direction of plasmon-induced photocurrents by cytochrome c at Au-TiO(2) nanocomposites.

A simple route for controlling the direction of plasmon-induced photocurrents at gold nanoparticles deposited on TiO(2) films is reported for the first time that is based on the electronic state of gold nanoparticles conjugated to redox-active cytochrome c and plasmon-enhanced electron exchange.

Fabrication of TiO2 and metal nanoparticle-microelectrode arrays by photolithography and site-selective photocatalytic deposition.

This paper demonstrates a novel and facile technique for the production of microelectrode arrays based on either TiO2 or metal nanoparticles, which combines photolithography and photocatalytic deposition. A procedure that involves photolithographic selective decomposition of superhydrophobic n-octadecyltriethoxysilane (ODS) has been developed to create superhydrophobic/superhydrophilic TiO2 patterns (i.e.

Plasmon-induced enhancement in analytical performance based on gold nanoparticles deposited on TiO2 film.

This paper demonstrates a novel approach for developing the analytical performance of electrochemical biosensors in which hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) is selected as a model target, based on surface plasmon resonance of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) deposited onto a TiO(2) nanoneedle film. Direct electron transfer of cytochrome c (cyt. c) is realized at Au NPs deposited onto a TiO(2) nanoneedle film (Au/TiO(2) film), and both anodic and cathodic currents of the redox reaction at the Au/TiO(2) film upon visible-light irradiation are amplified.

Electrochemical assay of superoxide based on biomimetic enzyme at highly conductive TiO2 nanoneedles: from principle to applications in living cells.

A novel strategy for extremely durable, reliable, and selective in situ real-time determination of superoxide anion (O(2) (-)) based on direct electron transfer of a biomimetic superoxide dismutase (SOD), Mn(3)(PO(4))(2), at highly conductive TiO(2) nanoneedles is reported for the first time, and is further exploited for the determination of O(2) (-) from living normal and cancer ovary cells directly adhered onto the modified surface, suggesting that O(2) (-) might be proposed as a biomarker of cancer.

Detection of extracellular H2O2 released from human liver cancer cells based on TiO2 nanoneedles with enhanced electron transfer of cytochrome c.

The high conductive TiO(2) nanoneedles film is first employed as a support matrix for immobilizing model enzyme, cytochrome c (cyt c) to facilitate the electron transfer between redox enzymes and electrodes. Reversible and direct electron transfer of cyt c is successfully achieved at the nanostructured TiO(2) surface with the redox formal potential (E(0)') of 108.0 +/- 1.

Nanoporous gold film encapsulating cytochrome c for the fabrication of a H2O2 biosensor.

A layer-by-layer route to prepare nanoporous Au film materials on transparent ITO substrates is reported by alternatively assembling Au and Ag nanoparticles through 1,5-pentanedithiol as a cross-linker, followed by that Ag nanoparticles are dissolved at room temperature in HAuCl4 solution. Electron transfer of cytochrome c (cyt. c) - an excellent model for investigation of biomolecules, is greatly facilitated at the nanoporous Au film with electron transfer rate constant (ks) of 3.