Ligand-Controlled Selective Synthesis of Indoles and Benzofurans from Secondary Anilines.

A ligand-controlled method for the selective synthesis of indoles and benzofurans from secondary anilines has been discovered. A six-ring palladacycle intermediate may be involved in this process by olefins as a transient directing mediator to give indoles. The indole/benzofuran ratio can be easily tuned by the MPAA ligand.

Sensitive detection of uric acid based on low-triggering-potential cathodic luminol electrochemiluminescence achieved by ReS nanosheets.

The majority of previously reported cathodic electrochemiluminescence (ECL) systems often required very negative potential to be carried out, which has greatly limited their applications in the sensing field. Screening high-performance cathodic ECL systems with low triggering potential is a promising way to broaden their applications. In this work, rhenium disulfide nanosheets (ReS NS) have been revealed as an efficient co-promoter to realize low-triggering-potential cathodic luminol ECL.

Ligand-Enabled -Selective C-H Olefination of Tertiary Aniline Derivatives.

A highly -selective C-H olefination of tertiary anilines without a directing group was developed. This reaction tolerated various substituted arenes and olefin coupling partners, affording -olefination products in moderate to good yields. Preliminary mechanistic studies showed that -Ac-d-Ala, AgCO, and BQ were the key factors for tuning the regioselectivity from to .

Promoting effect of TiVC MXene on cathodic electrogenerated chemiluminescence of Ru(bpy) and its application in the sensitive detection of sulfite.

The enhanced cathodic ECL of Ru(bpy) at a bimetallic element MXenes (TiVC MXene) modified electrode in neutral aqueous condition is reported. TiVC MXene significantly catalyzed the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) as well as the electrochemical reduction of Ru(bpy) to produce reactive oxygen species and Ru(bpy). The obtained hydroxyl radical (OH∙) not only oxidized Ru(bpy) to generate Ru(bpy) and emit light through coreactant pathway, but also oxidized Ru(bpy) to Ru(bpy), which caused an annihilation ECL reaction.

Coreactant-free strong Ru(bpy) ECL at ionic liquid modified electrode and its application in sensitive detection of glucose based on resonance energy transfer.

In this work, we have realized the strong anodic ECL emission of Ru(bpy) at ionic liquid (N-butylpyridinium tetrafluoroborate) modified electrode without additional coreactant. Methylene blue (MB) could accept the energy of Ru(bpy) ECL to construct resonance energy transfer (ECL-RET) system, leading to the decrease of ECL signal. In the presence of glucose oxidase, hydrogen peroxide generated from the oxidation process of glucose could oxidize MB and block the ECL-RET route, resulting in the recovery of ECL signal.

Synthesis of Se single atoms on nitrogen-doped carbon as novel electrocatalyst for sensitive nonenzymatic sensing of hydrogen peroxide.

Single-atom catalysts received increasing attention due to their maximum atom utilization efficiency. However, metal-free single atoms have not been used to construct electrochemical sensing interfaces. In this work, we demonstrated the use of Se single atoms (SA) as electrocatalyst for sensitive electrochemical nonenzymatic detection of HO.

Electrogenerated chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer between luminol and MnO nanosheets decorated with CuO nanoparticles for sensitive detection of RNase H.

In the present work, a novel approach was developed for the preparation of CuO nanoparticle decorated MnO nanosheets (CuO@MnO). Uniformly dispersed CuO nanocrystals were produced on the surface of MnO nanosheets by reduction under refluxing conditions. The unique structure of the used MnO nanosheet support played a vital role in the preparation of such CuO@MnO nanocomposites.

Dual-potential electrochemiluminescence from black phosphorus and graphitic carbon nitrides for label-free enzymatic biosensing.

Simultaneous anodic and cathodic electrochemiluminescence (ECL) emissions of black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNSs) and graphitic carbon nitrides (g-CN) were reported based on the co-existence of different co-reactants. Anodic ECL was obtained at the BPNSs modified electrode with tripropylamine (TPrA) as a co-reactant, while g-CN was selected as another emitter to obtain cathodic ECL emission with KSO as co-reactant. Employing the superiority of two separate ECL systems, a facile ECL method was developed for cholesterol detection based on cholesterol oxidase (ChOx) immobilized g-CNBPNSs modified glassy carbon electrode (g-CNBPNSs/GCE).

Dual-potential electrochemiluminescence of single luminophore for detection of biomarker based on black phosphorus quantum dots as co-reactant.

Simultaneous cathodic and anodic electrochemiluminescence (ECL) emissions of needle-like nanostructures of Ru(bpy) (RuNDs) as the only luminophore are reported based on different co-reactants. Cathodic ECL was attained from RuNDs/KSO system, while anodic ECL was achieved from RuNDs/black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs) system. Ferrocene attached to the hairpin DNA could quench the cathodic and anodic ECL simultaneously.

An electrogenerated chemiluminescence aptasensor for lysozyme based on the interaction between Ru(bpy) and cucurbit[8]uril.

Strong anodic Ru(bpy) electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) was obtained at a cucurbil[8]uril (CB[8]) modified electrode in neutral conditions without the need of an additional coreactant. An ECL aptasensor was fabricated based on the strong ECL emission as well as the host-guest interaction between DNA and CB[8]. Firstly, amino group-terminated complementary DNA (DNA-NH ) was firmly immobilized on CB[8]/glass carbon electrode, which could further increase ECL intensity.

Electrogenerated chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer between ZnGaO/g-CN and gold nanoparticles/graphene and its application in the detection of thrombin.

In the present work, ZnGa2O4 was incorporated with g-C3N4 nanosheets to synthesize ZnGa2O4/g-C3N4 nanocomposites through the hydrothermal method. The morphologies of nanocomposites were characterized by TEM, XRD, and spectral and electrochemical methods, respectively. The nanocomposites exhibited greatly enhanced fluorescence with the maximum emission peak red-shifted from 380 nm to 450 nm.

Selective Recovery and Detection of Gold with Cucurbit[]urils ( = 5-7).

Environmentally benign methods for gold recovery and detection are highly desirable for a sustainable future. Herein, we demonstrate a selective recovery and detection strategy of gold with cucurbit[]urils (Q[ = 5-7]) by means of outer-surface interactions. Tetrachloroaurate anion ([AuCl]) is able to be rapidly precipitated with Q[] in forms of supramolecular adducts.

Electrogenerated chemiluminescence aptasensor for lysozyme based on copolymer nanospheres encapsulated black phosphorus quantum dots.

Black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs) can react with Ru(bpy) to generate strong anodic electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL). However, the instability and the lack of functional groups on BPQDs limit its further application in the fabrication of ECL biosensor. In the present work, uniform BPQDs-styrene-acrylamide (St-AAm) nanospheres (BSAN) are synthesized by encapsulating BPQDs into St-AAm copolymer nanospheres.

Electrogenerated chemiluminescence of black phosphorus nanosheets and its application in the detection of HO.

Black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNS) were synthesized from BP crystals through liquid exfoliation coupled with ultrasonic methods under aqueous conditions. The morphology of the synthesized BPNS was characterized by TEM, XPS, AFM, Raman spectroscopy, UV-vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy, respectively. The obtained BPNS exhibited a multilayer structure and the lateral length was around 300 nm, and could emit fluorescence at 380 nm.

Electrogenerated chemiluminescence of Ru(bpy) at a black phosphorus quantum dot modified electrode and its sensing application.

Black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs) with an average size of 8.2 nm were synthesized through a liquid exfoliation method. The surface morphology and the thickness of the BPQDs were identified by high-resolution transmission microscopy (HRTEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and Raman spectroscopy.

A novel aptasensor for lysozyme based on electrogenerated chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer between luminol and silicon quantum dots.

In the present work, electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) of luminol was investigated in neutral condition at a gold electrode in the presence of silicon quantum dots (SiQDs). The results revealed that SiQDs can not only greatly enhance luminol ECL, but also act as energy acceptor to construct a novel ECL resonance energy transfer (ECL-RET) system with luminol. As a result, strong anodic ECL signal was obtained in neutral condition at the bare gold electrode, which is suitable for biosensing application.

Electrogenerated chemiluminescence of Si quantum dots in neutral aqueous solution and its biosensing application.

Electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) of semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) has been considered as a powerful technique in the fabrication of biosensor, however, high-toxicity of heavy metal ion containing in QDs severely limits their further applications, and the search for the alternative benign nanomaterials with high ECL efficiency is urgent. Herein, ECL behavior of eco-friendly silicon quantum dots (SiQDs) was reported in neutral aqueous condition. Stable and intense cathodic ECL emission was obtained in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) with KSO as coreactant.

Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer between Ru(bpy)3(2+) Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence and Gold Nanoparticles/Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites with Graphene Oxide as Coreactant and Its Sensing Application.

In the present work, strong anodic electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) of Ru(bpy)3(2+) was observed at a graphene oxide modified glassy carbon electrode (GO/GCE) in the absence of coreactants. The electrocatalytical effect of GO on the oxidation of Ru(bpy)3(2+) suggested that GO itself can act as the coreactant of Ru(bpy)3(2+) ECL, which can be used to fabricate the ECL biosensor. Thiol group terminated adenosine triphosphate (ATP) aptamer was immobilized on the GO film via DNA hybridization.

Electrochemiluminescent Sensing for Caspase-3 Activity Based on Ru(bpy)3(2+)-Doped Silica Nanoprobe.

Caspase-3 is one of the most frequently activated cysteine proteases during the apoptosis process and has been identified as a well-established cellular marker of apoptosis. In this study, a novel approach for the sensitive determination of caspase-3 activity was proposed using electrochemiluminescence (ECL) of Ru(bpy)3(2+)-doped silica (Ru@SiO2) with tripropylamine (TPA) as coreactant. A nanocomposite containing gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), poly(dimethyldiallyl ammonium chloride) (PDDA), and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was fabricated as an ECL platform.

Electrogenerated chemiluminescence of quantum dots with lucigenin as coreactant for sensitive detection of catechol.

Electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) of quantum dots (QDs), including CdS, CdSe, CdTe, and CdSe@ZnS QDs, was comparatively studied in neutral lucigenin solution without coreactants. Cathodic ECL signals were obtained at -1.2 V at different QDs modified gold electrodes (QDs/GEs) and the strongest ECL emission was obtained at the CdSe@ZnS QDs modified GE, which is nearly 7-times larger than other QDs modified GEs.

Anodic Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence of Ru(bpy)3(2+) with CdSe Quantum Dots as Coreactant and Its Application in Quantitative Detection of DNA.

In the present paper, we report that CdSe quantum dots (QDs) can act as the coreactant of Ru(bpy)3(2+) electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) in neutral condition. Strong anodic ECL signal was observed at ~1.10 V at CdSe QDs modified glassy carbon electrode (CdSe/GCE), which might be mainly attributed to the apparent electrocatalytic effect of QDs on the oxidation of Ru(bpy)3(2+).