Emission characteristics and health effects of PM from vehicles in typical areas.

Introduction: Vehicle emissions have become an important source of urban air pollution, and the assessment of air pollution emission characteristics and health effects caused by specific pollution sources can provide scientific basis for air quality management.

Methods: In this paper, vehicle PM pollution in typical urban agglomerations of China (the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration (BTHUA), the triangle of the Central China urban agglomeration (TCCUA) and the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration (CCUA)) were used as research samples to evaluate the emission characteristics, health effects and economic losses of vehicle PM pollution based on the emission inventory, air quality model and exposure-response function from 2010 to 2020.

Results: The results indicated that PM emissions from vehicles in the three urban agglomerations during 2010-2020 first showed an upward yearly trend and then showed a slow decrease in recent years.

[Health Impact Analysis of Fine Particulate Pollution from Vehicles in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region].

Vehicle exhaust emissions are posing an increasingly adverse impact on urban air quality. The emission characteristics analysis and health effect assessment of specific air pollution sources can provide scientific evidence for environmental air quality management. The characteristics and health effects of PM emissions from vehicles and economic losses caused by them in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region were analyzed from 2010 to 2020.

An assessment of O-related health risks and economic losses in typical regions of China.

Introduction: As one of the key areas for air pollution prevention and control in China, the Fenwei Plain is experiencing serious near-surface O pollution, which is a key issue that needs to be solved urgently.

Methods: Based on pollutant concentration monitoring data and meteorological and health data over the same period, this study analyzed the temporal and spatial characteristics, the relationships with meteorological factors of O pollution, and the health effects and economic losses caused by exposure to O pollution using environmental health risk and environmental value assessment methods in 11 cities on the Fenwei Plain in China from 2014 to 2020.

Results: The results showed that O pollution has become increasingly serious on the Fenwei Plain in recent years.

[Application of Pu isotope tracing technique in soil erosion research].

As an essential form of material migration on the surface of the earth, soil erosion is one of the primary causes of soil fertility reduction and environmental degradation. Quantifying soil erosion rate is the precondition and foundation for regional soil erosion control. The Pu isotopes produced by atmospheric nuclear tests have a long half-life after settling into the soil and could be easily adsorbed by clay minerals and organic matter.

Vehicular Emission Inventory and Reduction Scenario Analysis in the Yangtze River Delta, China.

Vehicular emissions have become an important source of air pollution, and their effective reduction control is essential to protect the environment. The aim of this study was to establish multi-year vehicular emission inventories for ten important air pollutants and to analyze emission control policy scenarios based on these inventories. The inter-annual emission analysis results showed that the ten pollutant emissions had different change trends during the past decade.

Research on trends and spatial distribution of vehicular emissions and its control measure assessment in the Yangtze River Delta, China, for 1999-2015.

Multi-year inventories of vehicular emissions (CO, non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOC), NO, PM, CO, CH, NO, NH, and SO) for each city in the Yangtze River Delta were calculated based on emission factors using the COPERT IV model, as well as its the high spatial resolution characteristics were established using a geographic information system methodology. Results showed that vehicular pollutant emissions (CO, NMVOC, NO, PM, CO, CH, NO, NH, and SO) changed from 3081.47, 335.

Sources of plutonium isotopes and Cs in coastal seawaters of Liaodong Bay and Bohai Strait, China and its environmental implications.

In order to investigate the sources of plutonium in seawaters of Liaodong Bay and Bohai Strait, China, surface seawater samples were collected and analyzed for Pu and Cs by radiochemical separation combined with ICP-MS and γ-spectrometry, respectively. A large variation of Pu activities was observed, ranging from 1.993 to 29.

Sedimentary record of plutonium in the North Yellow Sea and the response to catchment environmental changes of inflow rivers.

Plutonium (Pu) isotopes were first determined in surface and core sediment samples collected from the northern North Yellow Sea (NYS) to elucidate their source terms and deposition process as well as the response to catchment environmental changes of inflow rivers. Pu/Pu atom ratios in all sediments showed the typical global fallout value of ∼0.18 without any influences from the nuclear weapons tests conducted recently in the North Korea or early in the Pacific Proving Ground.

Vertical distributions and source identification of the radionuclides Pu and Pu in the sediments of the Liao River estuary, China.

Activity concentration of plutonium (Pu) and its isotopic compositions are extensively used for measuring transport processes of Pu and identifying its source. We investigated the spatial distribution characteristics of Pu activity concentrations and Pu/Pu atom ratio in several sediment cores collected from the Liao River coastal zone. Additionally, we calculated the Pu inventories and based on the Pu/Pu atom ratio to trace Pu source.

Association of Plutonium isotopes with natural soil particles of different size and comparison with Cs.

Information on how plutonium (Pu) isotopes associate with natural soil particles of different size is very important for the interpretation involved in the application of Pu isotopes as soil erosion tracers. This work investigated the association of Pu isotopes with different particle size fractions of natural soils and compared it with that of Cs. Ten bulk soils collected from two different areas were separated into different particle size fractions by a combination of wet sieving and centrifugation techniques and the sub-samples were analyzed for Cs, Pu and Pu.