Predicting factors of ovarian responses in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing IVF/ICSI.

Purpose: Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) show greater heterogeneity in ovarian responses during ovarian stimulation. We aimed to investigate the potential predicting factors among individualized basic parameters that affect poor or hyper ovarian responses in PCOS patients.

Methods: We retrospectively screened 2058 women with PCOS who underwent their first cycle of in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection.

Extending letrozole treatment duration is effective in inducing ovulation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and letrozole resistance.

Objective: To evaluate whether extending letrozole (LE) treatment duration could induce ovulation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) who previously failed to ovulate after a 5-day regimen of 5 mg LE daily for at least 1 ovulation induction cycle, defined as "LE resistance".

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Tertiary care academic medical center.

The Key Role of Peroxisomes in Follicular Growth, Oocyte Maturation, Ovulation, and Steroid Biosynthesis.

The absence of peroxisomes can cause disease in the human reproductive system, including the ovaries. The available peroxisomal gene-knockout female mouse models, which exhibit pathological changes in the ovary and reduced fertility, are listed in this review. Our review article provides the first systematic presentation of peroxisomal regulation and its possible functions in the ovary.

UHPLC-MS-MS analysis of oxylipins metabolomics components of follicular fluid in infertile individuals with diminished ovarian reserve.

Background: Diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) refers to a decrease in the number and quality of oocytes in the ovary, which results in a lack of sex hormones and a decline of fertility in women. DOR can potentially progress to premature ovarian failure (POF), which has a negative impact on women's quality of life and is a major cause of female infertility. Oxidative stress is a major contributor to fertility decrease in DOR patients, affecting the follicular microenvironment, oocyte maturation, fertilization, and embryo development.

Premature ovarian insufficiency patients with viable embryos derived from autologous oocytes through repeated oocyte retrievals could obtain reasonable cumulative pregnancy outcomes following frozen-embryo transfer.

Background: Women with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) are often discouraged from using autologous oocytes; however, some patients have a strong desire to be genetically linked to their offspring. In the present study, we aimed to estimate cumulative pregnancy outcomes following frozen-embryo transfer (FET) in POI patients who could obtain viable embryos with their eggs during in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatments.

Methods: In this matched-retrospective cohort study, only patients undergoing IVF/ICSI treatments with a freeze-all strategy were screened, and 103 POI patients were matched with 515 normal controls in terms of the same number of viable embryos obtained at the same age.

Progesterone protocol versus gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist protocol in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome undergoing fertilization treatments with frozen-thawed embryo transfer: a prospective randomized controlled trial.

Background: Exogenous progestational agents have recently been introduced as an alternative pituitary modulator for the prevention of premature luteinizing hormone (LH) surges during in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatments. There is increasing evidence that frozen-embryo transfer (FET) is associated with a lower risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Herein, we compared the clinical outcomes of the progesterone protocol with the gonadotropin releasing hormone antagonist (GnRH-ant) protocol in PCOS patients with a ''freeze-all'' strategy.

Embryo incubation by time-lapse systems versus conventional incubators in Chinese women with diminished ovarian reserve undergoing IVF/ICSI: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: The time-lapse imaging system (TLS) is a newly developed non-invasive embryo assessment system. Compared with conventional incubators, a TLS provides stable culture conditions and consistent observations of embryo development, thereby potentially improving embryo quality and selection of the best quality embryo. Although TLSs have been routinely used in many in vitro fertilisation (IVF) centres globally, there is insufficient evidence to indicate that TLSs result in higher cumulative live birth rates over conventional incubators.

Late Follicular Phase Ovarian Stimulation Without Exogenous Pituitary Modulators.

A gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist is the most common modulator used to prevent the premature luteinizing hormone (LH) surge when ovarian stimulation was initiated in the late follicular phase. We aimed in this study to evaluate the feasibility of performing ovarian stimulation in the late follicular phase without the use of exogenous pituitary modulators. Data were retrospectively collected from 404 normo-ovulatory patients who underwent their first fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatment in our department.

Efficacy of Different Progestins in Women With Advanced Endometriosis Undergoing Controlled Ovarian Hyperstimulation for Fertilization-A Single-Center Non-inferiority Randomized Controlled Trial.

Is it possible to use different progestins cotreatment with human menopausal gonadotrophin (hMG) in women with advanced endometriosis but normal ovulation during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) fertilization (IVF)? Whether different progestins treatments can be an alternative choice for women with severe endometriosis in considering IVF/ICSI treatment remains unknown? Non-inferiority randomized clinical trial. Tertiary-care academic medical center. Four hundred and fifty infertile patients with severe endometriosis undergoing IVF/ICSI between May 2016 and March 2017.

Randomized, Controlled Pilot Study of Low-Dose Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Administration Beginning From the Early Follicular Phase for Women With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Undergoing Ovarian Stimulation Using the Progesterone Protocol.

To illustrate whether low-dose human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration during the early follicular phase could reduce the number of large preovulatory follicles in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) undergoing ovarian stimulation using the progesterone protocol. We performed a randomized, controlled pilot trial at a university-affiliated tertiary hospital. A total of 40 infertile women undergoing their first fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatment with the freeze-all strategy were included.

Pregnancy and neonatal outcomes of artificial oocyte activation in patients undergoing frozen-thawed embryo transfer: a 6-year population-based retrospective study.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of artificial oocyte activation (AOA) in pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in infertile patients undergoing cryopreserved embryo transfer.

Method: This retrospective study included 5686 patients' transferred embryos from routine intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and 194 patients' transferred embryos from ICSI combined with AOA (ICSI-AOA) from January 2011 to December 2016. Pregnancy and neonatal outcomes of couples undergoing routine ICSI or ICSI-AOA were analyzed before and after propensity score matching.

Evaluation of Ovarian Stimulation Initiated From the Late Follicular Phase Using Human Menopausal Gonadotropin Alone in Normal-Ovulatory Women for Treatment of Infertility: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

To investigate the feasibility of ovarian stimulation initiated in the late follicular phase using human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) alone in ovulatory patients undergoing fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatments by comparison with that of the short gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) protocol in terms of ovarian response, embryological characteristics, and pregnancy outcomes following frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) cycles. Retrospective cohort study. A university-affiliated tertiary hospital.

Decrease in preovulatory serum estradiol is a valuable marker for predicting premature ovulation in natural/unstimulated in vitro fertilization cycle.

Background: Premature ovulation occurs at a high rate in natural-cycle in vitro fertilization (IVF), and cycle cancellation further hampers the overall efficiency of the procedure. While lower levels of estradiol (E2) are observed in preovulatory follicles, it is unclear whether declines in E2 can be used as an effective marker of premature ovulation.

Methods: This retrospective analysis includes 801 natural/unstimulated IVF/ICSI cycles undergoing scheduled ovum pick-up (OPU) and 153 natural/unstimulated IVF/ICSI cycles undergoing emergency OPU at a university IVF center from May 2014 to February 2017.

Elevated basal luteinizing hormone does not impair the outcome of human menopausal gonadotropin and medroxyprogesterone acetate treatment cycles.

The potential effects of high basal luteinizing hormone (LH) levels on human reproduction were controversial. To demonstrate the effects of elevated basal LH levels on the outcome of patients undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) cycles, we performed a retrospective data analysis of 1011 polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) patients treated with human menopausal gonadotropin and medroxyprogesterone acetate (hMG + MPA) protocol at our center between Nov. 2013 and Jun.

Comparison of neonatal outcomes and live-birth defects after progestin-primed ovarian stimulation versus conventional ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization: A large retrospective cohort study.

Progestin-primed ovarian stimulation (PPOS) is a new ovarian stimulation regimen for in vitro fertilization (IVF), with the advantages of an oral administration route and more control over preovulatory luteinizing hormone (LH) levels. Assessing the safety of this novel regimen is an important premise for its routine practice.We conducted a large retrospective cohort study for infants born between August 2014 and April 2017 from IVF and embryo transfer cycles after either PPOS and the conventional gonadotropin-releasing hormone-agonist (GnRH-a) short protocol at our center.

Lipidomic Components Alterations of Human Follicular Fluid Reveal the Relevance of Improving Clinical Outcomes in Women Using Progestin-Primed Ovarian Stimulation Compared to Short-Term Protocol.

BACKGROUND Increasing the success rate of in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) is a duty of clinicians that has made many seek a variety of protocols. This study was undertaken to use a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to define the alterations of follicular fluid (FF) lipid metabolites in patients undergoing progestin-primed ovarian stimulation (PPOS) compared with short-term protocol, revealing potential correlations between the differentially expressed lipids and ameliorative clinical outcomes. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ninety-three infertile women undergoing IVF/ICSI treatment with PPOS (n=62) or a short-term protocol (n=31) were prospectively enrolled in a randomized controlled trial.

Homozygous Mutations in WEE2 Cause Fertilization Failure and Female Infertility.

Fertilization is a fundamental process of development and is a prerequisite for successful human reproduction. In mice, although several receptor proteins have been shown to play important roles in the process of fertilization, only three genes have been shown to cause fertilization failure and infertility when deleted in vivo. In clinical practice, some infertility case subjects suffer from recurrent failure of in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection attempts due to fertilization failure, but the genetic basis of fertilization failure in humans remains largely unknown.

The role of combining medroxyprogesterone 17-acetate with human menopausal gonadotropin in mouse ovarian follicular development.

Medroxyprogesterone 17-acetate (MPA) combined with human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) has been effectively used for ovarian stimulation in clinical practice. However, the molecular mechanism of MPA + hMG treatment in follicular development is poorly described. Here we performed a study to investigate the impact of MPA + hMG on ovarian stimulation utilizing a mouse model in vivo.

The effect of human chorionic gonadotrophin contained in human menopausal gonadotropin on the clinical outcomes during progestin-primed ovarian stimulation.

Progestin-primed ovarian stimulation (PPOS) protocol has recently been demonstrated to be an novel regimen for preventing premature LH surges during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) in combination with frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET). Our prospective controlled study was to explore the effect of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) contained in human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) on the clinical outcomes in normalovulatory women undergoing COH with PPOS. A total of 180 patients were allocated into three groups according to the gonadotropin (Gn) used: group A (human menopausal gonadotropin, hMG-A), group B (hMG-B) or group C (follicle stimulating hormone, FSH).

Use of medroxyprogesterone acetate in women with ovarian endometriosis undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation for in vitro fertilization.

This study investigated the use of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) or a short protocol for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) in patients with advanced endometriosis who have normal ovarian function, and to compare cycle characteristics and pregnancy outcomes after frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET). This was a retrospective case-control study of 244 patients with advanced endometriosis undering COH. The patients were allocated to three groups: the surgery group with MPA COH (62 patients, 71 IVF/ICSI cycles, 78 FET cycles); the aspiration group with MPA COH (85 patients had ovarian "chocolate" cysts (>3 cm) aspirated, 90 IVF/ICSI cycles, 76 FET cycles); and the short protocol group (97 patients, 101 IVF/ICSI cycles, 51 FET cycles).

The effect of frozen-thawed embryo transfer performed concurrently with hysteroscopy on the reproductive outcomes during assisted reproductive treatments.

The uterine environment is vital to the successful conception; recently, hysteroscopy was used to remove uterine anomalies in patients undergoing assisted reproductive treatments in combination with a "freeze-all" strategy. However, the rapid recurrence of uterine anomalies impose a negative impact on pregnancy. A possible way to avoid this issue is to implement frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) as soon as possible.

Comparison of neonatal outcomes following progesterone use during ovarian stimulation with frozen-thawed embryo transfer.

Progesterone soft capsules (brand name: Utrogestan) were demonstrated to be an effective oral alternative to prevent premature LH surges both in normal-ovulatory and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) patients. However, its safety in terms of neonatal outcomes is unclear. To evaluate whether Utrogestan use increase the risk of adverse neonatal outcomes compared with short protocol in patients undergoing IVF/ICSI treatments in combination with frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET), we performed a retrospective analysis including 1008 FET cycles, with embryos originated from either Utrogestan + hMG protocol (n = 499), or short protocol (n = 509), which led to 546 live-born infants.

Effect of Frozen Embryo Transfer and Progestin-primed Ovary Stimulation on IVF outcomes in women with high body mass index.

Among women undergoing IVF, high BMI negatively affects pregnancy outcomes when using the conventional ovary stimulating protocols combined with fresh embryo transfer. Therefore, finding a proper treatment for these high BMI women is more important and urgent when obesity is prevalent. In our study, we reported a retrospective study of 4457 women who were divided into normal BMI group (18.