Bufalin CaCO Nanoparticles Triggered Pyroptosis through Calcium Overload via Na/Ca Exchanger Reverse for Cancer Immunotherapy.

Bufalin is a promising active ingredient in traditional Chinese medicine but has shown limited anticancer applications due to its toxicity. Here, we report BCNPs@gel, a bufalin-containing CaCO nanoparticle hydrogel, for enhancing cancer treatment through inducing cellular pyroptosis. Under the tumor microenvironment's low pH conditions, bufalin and Ca are released from the delivery system.

Bacteroides uniformis degrades β-glucan to promote Lactobacillus johnsonii improving indole-3-lactic acid levels in alleviating colitis.

Background: Intake of dietary fiber is associated with a reduced risk of inflammatory bowel disease. β-Glucan (BG), a bioactive dietary fiber, has potential health-promoting effects on intestinal functions; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we explore the role of BG in ameliorating colitis by modulating key bacteria and metabolites, confirmed by multiple validation experiments and loss-of-function studies, and reveal a novel bacterial cross-feeding interaction.

Catalytic activity of violet phosphorus-based nanosystems and the role of metabolites in tumor therapy.

Although nanocatalytic medicine has demonstrated its advantages in tumor therapy, the outcomes heavily relie on substrate concentration and the metabolic pathways are still indistinct. We discover that violet phosphorus quantum dots (VPQDs) can catalyze the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) without requiring external stimuli and the catalytic substrates are confirmed to be oxygen (O) and hydrogen peroxide (HO) through the computational simulation and experiments. Considering the short of O and HO at the tumor site, we utilize calcium peroxide (CaO) to supply catalytic substrates for VPQDs and construct nanoparticles together with them, named VPCaNPs.

β-Glucan Relieves Symptoms of Colitis via PPARα-Mediated Intestinal Stem Cell Proliferation.

Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) are necessary to maintain intestinal renewal. Here, we found that the β-glucan (HBG) alleviated pathological symptoms and promoted the proliferation of intestinal stem cells in colitis mice. Notably, metabolomics studies showed that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was significantly increased by the HBG treatment.

Adaptive Design of Nanovesicles Overcoming Immunotherapeutic Limitations of Chemotherapeutic Drugs through Poliovirus Receptor Blockade.

Chemotherapy is currently a widely used treatment for cancer in clinical settings. Some chemotherapeutic drugs such as oxaliplatin (OXA) can cause tumor immunogenic cell death (ICD), activate immunity, and realize chemoimmunotherapy for tumors. However, the low degree of accumulation and immunosuppressive microenvironment in tumors limit the immunotherapeutic efficacy of these drugs.

OX40L-expressing M1-like macrophage exosomes for cancer immunotherapy.

With only limited clinical patient benefit, focusing on new immune checkpoint pathways could be an important complement to current immune checkpoint drugs. In addition, not only does T cell-mediated adaptive immunity play an important role, but also macrophage-mediated innate immunity, due to its abundant presence in solid tumors. Here, we developed an engineered M1-like macrophage exosome, OX40L M1-exos.

Rapidly separating dissolving microneedles with sustained-release colchicine and stabilized uricase for simplified long-term gout management.

Despite growing prevalence and incidence, the management of gout remains suboptimal. The intermittent nature of the gout makes the long-term urate-lowering therapy (ULT) particularly important for gout management. However, patients are reluctant to take medication day after day to manage incurable occasional gout flares, and suffer from possible long-term toxicity.

Advanced Materials and Delivery Systems for Enhancement of Chimeric Antigen Receptor Cells.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) cell therapy is a great success and breakthrough in immunotherapy. However, there are still lots of barriers to its wide use in clinical, including long time consumption, high cost, and failure against solid tumors. For these challenges, researches are deplored to explore CAR cells to more appliable products in clinical.

Mussel-inspired "plug-and-play" hydrogel glue for postoperative tumor recurrence and wound infection inhibition.

Currently, clinical tumor resection is faced with two options: open and minimally invasive surgery. Open surgery is easy to completely remove the lesion but is prone to infection, while minimally invasive surgery recovers faster but may cause tumor recurrence. To fill the shortcomings of the two surgical modes and make the choice for tumor resection more effortlessly, we developed a postoperative black phosphorus-Ag nanocomposites-loaded dopamine-modified hyaluronic acid-Pluronic® F127 (BP-Ag@HA-DA-Plu) hydrogel implantation system that can prevent tumor recurrence and wound infection simultaneously.

An injectable hydrogel based on BiSe nanosheets and hyaluronic acid for chemo-photothermal synergistic therapy.

To resolve poor accumulation caused by systemic administration, injectable and responsive hydrogels are the prospective drug delivery systems for localized tumor treatment, owning to negligible invasiveness and accurate administration. Herein, an injectable hydrogel, based on dopamine (DA) crosslinked hyaluronic acid and BiSe nanosheets (NSs) loading with doxorubicin (DOX) coated with polydopamine (BiSe-DOX@PDA), was developed for synergistic chem-photothermal cancer therapy. The ultrathin functional BiSe-DOX@PDA NSs could be responsive to the weak acidic condition and photothermal effect under NIR laser irradiation, achieving controlled release of DOX.

Glucomannan from Aloe vera gel maintains intestinal barrier integrity via mitigating anoikis mediated by Nrf2-mitochondria axis.

Impairment of intestinal epithelium barrier is a hallmark of gut pathology. Cell death can compromise barrier function and impair epithelial restitution directly or indirectly in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Our previous work demonstrated that glucomannan from Aloe vera gel (AGP) protected mice from DSS-induced colitis, with unclear mechanism of AGP-intestinal barrier interactions.

Engineered drug-loaded cellular membrane nanovesicles for efficient treatment of postsurgical cancer recurrence and metastasis.

Cancer recurrence and metastasis are still common causes of postsurgery death in patients with solid tumors, suggesting that additional consolidation therapeutic strategies are necessary. We have previously found that oxaliplatin (OXA) treatment causes further up-regulation of CD155, which is abundantly expressed in tumors for resulting in increased sensitivity of cancer to anti-CD155 therapy. Here, we report O-TPNVs, which are TIGIT-expressing cell membrane and platelet cell membrane fusion nanovesicles (TPNVs) loaded with OXA.

Mussel-Inspired Ligand Clicking and Ion Coordination on 2D Black Phosphorus for Cancer Multimodal Imaging and Therapy.

As a promising 2D nanocarrier, the biggest challenge of bare black phosphorus nanosheets (BP NSs) lies in the inherent instability, while it can be improved by surface modification strategies to a great extent. Considering the existing infirm BP NSs surface modification strategies, A mussels-inspired strong adhesive biomimetic peptide with azide groups for surface modification to increase the stability of BP NSs is synthesized. The azide groups on the peptide can quickly and precisely bind to the targeting ligand through click chemistry, solving the problem of nonspecificity of secondary modification of other mussel-mimicking materials.

Liposomes Encapsulating Neoantigens and Black Phosphorus Quantum Dots for Enhancing Photothermal Immunotherapy.

Colorectal cancer frustrates with high relapse after the traditional treatment including surgery and chemotherapy. Neoantigen-based therapeutic vaccine has achieved high response rate in the clinical trials rising the immunotherapy as a promising alternative for colorectal cancer. Herein, colon cancer cells derived neoantigen peptide Adpgk were employed to be co-encapsulated with black phosphorus quantum dots into liposome (Adpgk-BPQDs-liposome) as therapeutic vaccine.

Magnetic nanoparticles coated with polyphenols for spatio-temporally controlled cancer photothermal/immunotherapy.

As the combination of photothermal therapy (PTT) with immunotherapy provides an effective strategy in cancer treatment, a magnetic nanoparticle delivery system was constructed to load indocyanine green (ICG) and immunostimulator R837 hydrochloride (R837) for spatio-temporally PTT/immunotherapy synergism in cancer. This delivery system is composed of FeO magnetic nanoparticles (MPs) as the core to load ICG and polyethylene glycol polyphenols (DPA-PEG) as the coating layer to load R837, which formed R837 loaded polyphenols coating ICG loaded magnetic nanoparticles (MIRDs). After intravenous injection, the formed MIRDs resulted in long circulation, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) guides, and magnetic targeting.

Effectiveness of I seed implantation in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer during R2 resection.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of I particle implantation during R2resection for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Data from 23 patients with NSCLC and macroscopic residual diseasefollowing surgery (R2 resection) between March 2010 and May 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Among these patients, 12 patients [4 with T-residual disease (incomplete resection of primary tumor but complete dissection of regional lymph node), 8 with N-residual disease (complete resection of primary tumor but incomplete resection of metastatic regional lymph node)] underwent I particle implantation during the operation, while the other 11 (4 with T-residual disease and 7 with N-residual disease) received postoperative conventional radiotherapy.

Exploring the mechanism of non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines resistant to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor.

Purpose: Here we aimed to explore the possible mechanism and potential regulatory relationships in which the non.small.cell lung cancer.

Iodine-125 brachytherapy improved overall survival of patients with inoperable stage III/IV non-small cell lung cancer versus the conventional radiotherapy.

This study compared the efficacy of iodine-125 seed brachytherapy versus the conventional radiotherapy in patients with non-resectable stage III/IV non-small cell lung cancer. A total of 71 patients with inoperable advanced stages of lung cancer with tumor size ranging 5-10 cm were randomly assigned into two groups: Group A received the regional iodine-125 implantation (n = 35), and Group B received the conventional radiotherapy (n = 36). The isodose curves were obtained by the treatment planning system for patients in Group A.

Expression of ERCC1, TYMS, TUBB3, RRM1 and TOP2A in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A hierarchical clustering analysis.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the correlation between the expression levels of excision repair cross complementing 1 (ERCC1), thymidylate synthase (TYMS), class III β-tubulin (TUBB3), ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase (RRM1) and topoisomerase IIα (TOP2A) with the clinical characteristics of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). A total of 29 ESCC tissue samples were collected from patients that had not previously received systematic treatment. The expression levels of ERCC1, TYMS, TUBB3, RRM1 and TOP2A were determined using a microarray technique, while Spearman's rank correlation analysis was used to determine the strength of the correlations between the expression levels of the biomarkers and the pathogenesis of esophageal cancer.

Esophageal rupture caused by explosion of an automobile tire tube: a case report.

Introduction: There have been no reports in the literature of esophageal rupture in adults resulting from an explosion of an automobile tire. We report the first case of just such an occurrence after an individual bit into a tire, causing it to explode in his mouth.

Case Presentation: A 47-year-old Han Chinese man presented with massive hemorrhage in his left eye after he accidentally bit an automobile tire tube which burst into his mouth.