Influence of landscape interventions on thermal comfort under time-varying building shadow; new Gwanghwamun square case, Seoul, South Korea.

This study investigated the cooling effects of landscape interventions and their relative magnitude under hybrid urban context including time-varying building shadow cast. The study focused on the practical design alternatives, rather than experimental scenarios. We conducted outdoor thermal comfort (OTC) simulation using ENVI-met, and spatial-temporal comparison analysis for three green space expansion interventions for new Gwanghwamun square, Seoul, South Korea.

Sonophoresis Using Ultrasound Contrast Agents: Dependence on Concentration.

Sonophoresis can increase skin permeability to various drugs in transdermal drug delivery. Cavitation is recognized as the predominant mechanism of sonophoresis. Recently, a new logical approach to enhance the efficiency of transdermal drug delivery was tried.

CD4 T-cell function assay using Cylex ImmuKnow and lymphocyte subset recovery following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

We analyzed CD4 T-lymphocytes ATP levels along with lymphocyte subsets in 160 samples from 111 post-allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) patients. In patients with stable status, ImmuKnow levels changed over time and the 6-month post-alloHSCT levels were significantly higher than those tested within 6 months post-alloHSCT (P < 0.001).

Reliable, accurate determination of the leukocyte differential of leukopenic samples by using Hematoflow method.

Background: Hematology analyzers may ineffectively recognize abnormal cells, and manual differential counts may be imprecise for leukopenic samples. We evaluated the efficacy of the Hematoflow method for determining the leukocyte differential in leukopenic samples and compared this method with the manual differential method.

Methods: We selected 249 blood samples from 167 patients with leukopenia (WBC counts, 500-2,000/µL) for analysis in this study.