Continuum diffusion reaction rate calculations of wild-type and mutant mouse acetylcholinesterase: adaptive finite element analysis.

As described previously, continuum models, such as the Smoluchowski equation, offer a scalable framework for studying diffusion in biomolecular systems. This work presents new developments in the efficient solution of the continuum diffusion equation. Specifically, we present methods for adaptively refining finite element solutions of the Smoluchowski equation based on a posteriori error estimates.

Surgical procedure and prognosis of hilar cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: Hilar cholangiocarcinoma has a low radical resection rate and a poor long-term survival rate. In recent years, its prognosis has been improved with advancement of preoperative diagnostic techniques and surgical techniques. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic factors of hilar cholangiocarcinoma and the relations of surgical procedure to the prognosis of the carcinoma.

[Imaging-navigated endoscopic sinus surgery].

Objective: To evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of different type of image-guidance system in endoscopic sinus surgery.

Methods: Fifty-three endoscopic sinus surgery were performed under different type of image-guidance system, there were 24 chronic sinusitis with or without nasal polyp, 4 juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma, 8 pituitary adenoma, 9 ethmoid ossifying fibroma, 2 nasopharyngeal mixed tumor, 1 nasal leiomyoma, 3 fungal sinusitis, and 2 inverting papilloma.

Results: In all cases, the preoperative time was 15-30 minutes, the registration rate were 1.

[Prognostic analysis of patients suffering from distal bile duct cancer].

Objective: To study prognostic factors after surgical procedure for distal bile duct cancer.

Methods: A retrospective clinical analysis was made in 173 cases of distal bile duct cancer, admitted to our hospital from February 1996 to December 2002. Fourteen clinicopathologic factors that could possibly influence survival were selected.

Finite element solution of the steady-state Smoluchowski equation for rate constant calculations.

This article describes the development and implementation of algorithms to study diffusion in biomolecular systems using continuum mechanics equations. Specifically, finite element methods have been developed to solve the steady-state Smoluchowski equation to calculate ligand binding rate constants for large biomolecules. The resulting software has been validated and applied to mouse acetylcholinesterase.

[Long-term outcomes and analysis of its relative factors of nasal endoscopic sinus surgery in children].

Objective: To evaluate the results of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) in children with chronic sinusitis. The long-term outcomes and the relative factors were analyzed retrospectively.

Materials And Methods: A total of 268 children (432 sides), 186 males and 82 females, aged 3 to 17 years (average, 14.

Advantages of using an image-guided system for transnasal endoscopic surgery.

Objective: To evaluate the advantages of image-guided system in transnasal endoscopic surgery.

Methods: Transnasal endoscopic surgery was performed with the aid of an image-guided system in 28 patients, supported with histopathologic diagnoses of chronic sinusitis with/without nasal polyps (10 cases), juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (4 cases), pituitary adenoma (6 cases), ethmoidal ossifying fibroma (3 cases), nasopharyngeal mixed tumor (2 cases), nasal leiomyoma (1 case), fungal sinusitis (1 case) and inverted nasal papilloma (1 case).

Results: For all the patients, the time periods from initialization to surgery ranged from 15 to 30 minutes (a mean of 26 minutes).

Brefeldin A, a cytotoxin produced by Paecilomyces sp. and Aspergillus clavatus isolated from Taxus mairei and Torreya grandis.

Paecilomyces sp. and Aspergillus clavatus, which were isolated from Taxus mairei and Torreya grandis from southeast China, produced toxic metabolites when grown in liquid culture. Nuclear magnetic resonance techniques, infrared spectrometry, electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy and X-ray analysis identified brefeldin A, a bioactive metabolite produced by a number of fungal species belonging to the genera Alternaria, Ascochyta, Penicillium, Curvularia, Cercospora and Phyllosticta.