Effect of an Endoscopy Screening on Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer Mortality: A Community-based Multicenter Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background And Aims: Population-based observational studies suggest that endoscopic screening may reduce upper gastrointestinal cancer mortality. We aimed to quantify the effect of endoscopy screening.

Methods: This is a community-based, multicenter, cluster randomized clinical trial conducted in both high-risk and non-high-risk areas of China.

Ultrathin high-entropy hydrotalcites-based injectable hydrogel with programmed bactericidal and anti-inflammatory effects to accelerate drug-resistant bacterial infected wound healing.

Drug-resistant bacteria infected wounds often bring high risks of delayed healing process and even death. Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) can efficiently kill drug-resistant bacteria. However, superabundant reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during SDT inevitably trigger significant inflammatory responses, hindering tissue remodeling.

A structure-optimized molecular beacon-based RPA assay for highly sensitive and rapid detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Early detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) is key to controlling its transmission and ensuring prevention and treatment. Recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA), combined with traditional fluorescent probe assays, is a promising method for NG detection. However, these traditional probes require four types of modifications involving cumbersome modification processes and high synthesis costs, and additional nucleic acid endonucleases are also needed for the reaction.

Developing and applying a virus-induced gene silencing system for functional genomics in walnut (Juglans regia L.) mediated by tobacco rattle virus.

Walnut (Juglans regia L.) is a high-value tree species planted worldwide, but the incomplete less developed genetic transformation system limits its gene function analysis. In this study, virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) mediated by tobacco rattle virus (TRV) technology was applied to walnut seedlings to degrade the transcript of target gene.

Rapidly in situ forming antibiotic-free injectable hydrogel wound dressing for eradicating drug-resistant bacterial infections in human skin organoids.

The rising prevalence of global antibiotic resistance evokes the urgent requirement to explore the alternative antimicrobial candidates. It is of great significance to overcome these serious threats of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections and difficult-to-heal cutaneous wounds to human health. Herein, we proposed a rapidly in situ forming innovative antibiotic-free hydrogel dressing with excellent biocompatibility, easy injectability, strong tissue adhesion and superior antibacterial activity against drug-resistant bacteria.

Dissecting the Cell-Killing Mechanisms of Hydroxyurea Using Spot Assays.

Hydroxyurea is an inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase and is commonly used in laboratories to induce replication stress or arrest cells in the S phase for cell cycle or checkpoint studies. However, hydroxyurea also causes side effects such as oxidative stress, particularly under chronic exposure conditions. This complicates the interpretation of the cell-killing mechanisms, particularly in a previously uncharacterized mutant, and thus hampers the analyses.

Dexamethasone and azithromycin enhance goat sperm preservation quality by regulating lipid metabolism.

Phospholipase A (PLA) in goat semen aggregates with egg yolk in semen diluent, leading to sperm death. The aim of this study is to address the issue of sperm death caused by the interaction between PLA and egg yolk, and to explore the protective effect and metabolic regulation mechanism of the combination of dexamethasone (DXMS) and azithromycin (AZM) on goat sperm under low temperature conditions. At a low temperature of 4 °C, different concentrations of DXMS were added to semen diluents containing 30 μg/mL AZM to detect the quality of goat sperm.

Data describing the effects of Induced knockout of Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K in mouse skeletal muscle satellite cells.

HnRNPK, a prominent member of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) family, is widely expressed in mammalian tissues and plays a crucial role in animal development. Despite its well-established functions, limited information is available regarding its role in skeletal muscle development and regeneration. To elucidate the functional role of hnRNPK in skeletal muscle, we utilized ( pKO) mice as a model, isolated primary mouse skeletal muscle satellite cells (MuSCs), and induced hnRNPK knockout using 4-OTH.

The regulatory mechanism of garlic skin improving the growth performance of fattening sheep through metabolism and immunity.

Objective: Garlic skin (GAS) has been proven to improve the growth performance of fattening sheep. However, the mechanism by which GAS affects fattening sheep is not yet clear. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of adding GAS to feed on the growth performance, rumen and fecal microbiota, serum and urine metabolism, and transcriptomics of rumen epithelial cells in fattening sheep.

Realization of monolayer ZrTe topological insulators with wide band gaps.

Two-dimensional topological insulators hosting the quantum spin Hall effect have application potential in dissipationless electronics. To observe the quantum spin Hall effect at elevated temperatures, a wide band gap is indispensable to efficiently suppress bulk conduction. Yet, most candidate materials exhibit narrow or even negative band gaps.

Positive In Vitro Effect of ROCK Pathway Inhibitor Y-27632 on Qualitative Characteristics of Goat Sperm Stored at Low Temperatures.

Y-27632, as a cytoskeleton protector, is commonly used for low-temperature preservation of cells. Goat sperm are prone to damage to the cytoskeleton under low-temperature conditions, leading to a loss of sperm vitality. However, the Y-27632 small molecule has not yet been used in research on low-temperature preservation of goat semen.

Survey of hepatitis B virus infection for liver cancer screening in China: A population-based, cross-sectional study.

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the primary cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in China. The target population for HCC screening comprises individuals who test positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). However, current data on the prevalence of HBV infection among individuals who are eligible for HCC screening in China are lacking.

Socioeconomic characteristics, cancer mortality, and universal health coverage: A global analysis.

Background: Achieving universal health coverage (UHC) involves all individuals attaining accessible health interventions at an affordable cost. We examined current patterns and temporal trends of cancer mortality and UHC across sociodemographic index (SDI) settings, and quantified these association.

Methods: We used data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 and Our World in Data.

Autism spectrum disorder diagnosis with EEG signals using time series maps of brain functional connectivity and a combined CNN-LSTM model.

Background And Objective: People with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often have cognitive impairments. Effective connectivity between different areas of the brain is essential for normal cognition. Electroencephalography (EEG) has been widely used in the detection of neurological diseases.

Study on the detonation wave propagation of shaped charge with three-layer liner and its driving characteristics to liner.

With the continuous improvement of various armor protection technologies, the armor protection performance has increased significantly, and then the damage performance requirements of armor-piercing ammunition have also increased. In order to improve the penetration ability of the liner, a new three-layer liner structure is designed in this paper. The jet forming process was simulated by AUTODYN software.

Human pluripotent stem cell-derived kidney organoids: Current progress and challenges.

Human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived kidney organoids share similarities with the fetal kidney. However, the current hPSC-derived kidney organoids have some limitations, including the inability to perform nephrogenesis and lack of a corticomedullary definition, uniform vascular system, and coordinated exit pathway for urinary filtrate. Therefore, further studies are required to produce hPSC-derived kidney organoids that accurately mimic human kidneys to facilitate research on kidney development, regeneration, disease modeling, and drug screening.

Combining fecal immunochemical testing and questionnaire-based risk assessment in selecting participants for colonoscopy screening in the Chinese National Colorectal Cancer Screening Programs: A population-based cohort study.

Background: Screening reduces colorectal cancer (CRC) burden by allowing early resection of precancerous and cancerous lesions. An adequate selection of high-risk individuals and a high uptake rate for colonoscopy screening are critical to identifying people more likely to benefit from screening and allocating healthcare resources properly. We evaluated whether combining a questionnaire-based interview for risk factors with fecal immunochemical test (FIT) outcomes for high-risk assessment is more efficient and economical than a questionnaire-based interview-only strategy.

Enhancing Visible-Light Absorption of 2D Carbon Nitride by Constructing 2D/2D van der Waals Heterojunctions of Carbon Nitride/Nitrogen-Superdoped Graphene.

Carbon nitride sheets (CNs) down to the two-dimensional (2D) limit have been widely used in photoelectric conversion due to their inherent band gap and extremely short charge-carrier diffusion distance. However, the utilization of visible light remains low due to the rapid recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs and enlarged band gap. Here, atomically thin 2D/2D van der Waals heterojunctions (vdWHs) of N-superdoped graphene (NG) and CNs (CNs/NG) are fabricated via a facile electrostatic self-assembly method.

De novo Phased Genome Assembly, Annotation and Population Genotyping of Alectoris Chukar.

The Alectoris Chukar (chukar) is the most geographically widespread partridge species in the world, demonstrating exceptional adaptability to diverse ecological environments. However, the scarcity of genetic resources for chukar has hindered research into its adaptive evolution and molecular breeding. In this study, we have sequenced and assembled a high-quality, phased chukar genome that consists of 31 pairs of relatively complete diploid chromosomes.

Benefits and harms of polygenic risk scores in organised cancer screening programmes: a cost-effectiveness analysis.

Background: While polygenic risk scores (PRS) could enable the streamlining of organised cancer screening programmes, its current discriminative ability is limited. We conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis to trade-off the benefits and harms of PRS-stratified cancer screening in China.

Methods: The validated National Cancer Center (NCC) modelling framework for six cancers (lung, liver, breast, gastric, colorectum, and oesophagus) was used to simulate cancer incidence, progression, stage-specific cancer detection, and risk of death.

Prepared Radix Polygoni Multiflori and emodin alleviate lipid droplet accumulation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease through MAPK signaling pathway inhibition.

As one of the most common liver diseases, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects almost one-quarter of the world's population. Although the prevalence of NAFLD is continuously rising, effective medical treatments are still inadequate. Radix Polygoni Multiflori (RPM) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine.

Risk-Adapted Starting Age of Personalized Lung Cancer Screening: A Population-Based, Prospective Cohort Study in China.

Background: The current one-size-fits-all screening strategy for lung cancer is not suitable for personalized screening.

Research Question: What is the risk-adapted starting age of lung cancer screening with comprehensive consideration of risk factors?

Study Design And Methods: The National Lung Cancer Screening program, a multicenter, population-based, prospective cohort study, was analyzed. Information on risk factor exposure was collected during the baseline risk assessment.

A missense mutation in the gene encoding the small subunit of ribonucleotide reductase significantly sensitizes fission yeast to chronic treatment with hydroxyurea.

Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) is essential for the biosynthesis of dNTPs and a therapeutic target. We have identified a missense mutation in , which encodes the small subunit of RNR in fission yeast. The mutation significantly sensitizes the cells to chronic but not acute treatment with the RNR inhibitor hydroxyurea.

Iron Vacancy Tunable Superconductor-Insulator Transition in FeSe/SrTiO_{3} Monolayer.

The Fe_{4}Se_{5} with a sqrt[5]×sqrt[5] Fe vacancy order is suggested to be a Mott insulator and the parent state of bulk FeSe superconductor. The iron vacancy ordered state has been considered as a Mott insulator and the parent compound of bulk FeSe-based superconductors. However, for the superconducting FeSe/SrTiO_{3} monolayer (FeSe/STO) with an interface-enhanced high transition temperature (T_{c}), the electronic evolution from its Fe vacancy ordered parent phase to the superconducting state, has not been explored due to the challenge to realize an Fe vacancy order in the FeSe/STO monolayer, even though important to the understanding of superconductivity mechanism.