The relationship between dietary niacin intake and the incidence of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among chronic kidney disease patients.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major cause of human mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related death. Niacin can treat dyslipidemia and can lower overall cardiovascular event incidence and mortality rates. The present study was designed to clarify the link between dietary consumption of niacin and cardiovascular mortality.

Effects of oat β-glucan on the retrogradation behavior of rice starch and its potential mechanism.

In this study, to minimize the quality deterioration caused by the retrogradation of starch-based food, the effect and mechanism of oat β-glucan (OG) on the retrogradation of rice starch was investigated. OG effectively decreased storage modulus (G'), syneresis, and retrogradation enthalpy, indicating the inhibition of short-term and long-term retrogradation of rice starch. The competition for water molecules between the OG and rice starch resulted in partial swelling of the starch granules, consequently reducing particle size, lowering amylose leaching, and decreasing the proportion of short-amylose chains.

Aquaporin 7 is upregulated through the PI3K-Akt pathway and modulates decidualisation of endometrial stromal cells.

Context: Aquaporin 7 (AQP7) is selectively expressed in decidualised endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) of mice surrounding the embryonic implantation sites. However, the roles of AQP7 and the underlying mechanism that regulates AQP7 expression in endometrial decidualisation after implantation are still unclear.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the role of the PI3K-Akt pathway in regulating the expression of AQP7 in ESCs and decidualisation.

Interference of Interleukin-1 Mediated by Lentivirus Promotes Functional Recovery of Spinal Cord Contusion Injury in Rats via the PI3K/AKT1 Signaling Pathway.

Purpose: Inflammation and apoptosis after spinal cord contusion (SCC) are important causes of irreversible spinal cord injury. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a key inflammatory factor that promotes the aggravation of spinal cord contusion. However, the specific role and regulatory mechanism of IL-1 in spinal cord contusion is still unclear.

Purple sweet potato color attenuates high fat-induced neuroinflammation in mouse brain by inhibiting MAPK and NF-κB activation.

Purple sweet potato color (PSPC) is a natural anthocyanin pigment that is derived from purple sweet potato storage roots. PSPC possesses a variety of biological activities, including antioxidant, anti‑inflammatory and neuroprotective effects; however, the detailed effects of PSPC on high‑fat diet (HFD)‑induced neuroinflammation remain to be determined. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether PSPC has a protective role in HFD‑associated neuroinflammation in the mouse brain and to provide novel insight into the mechanisms of the action.

Spata19 is critical for sperm mitochondrial function and male fertility.

Haploid round spermatids undergo differentiation and morphogenesis during spermiogenesis, resulting in mature spermatozoa. The molecular details underlying this transformation, however, remain poorly understood. In this study, we generated and analyzed germ cell-specific Spata19 knockout mice (Spata19(flox/flox) ; Stra8-Cre; hereafter termed "Spata19 cKO") to assess the model that SPATA19 contributes to mitochondrial function in differentiating spermatids.

Voltage-dependent anion channels (VDACs) promote mitophagy to protect neuron from death in an early brain injury following a subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats.

The term mitophagy is coined to describe the selective removal of mitochondria by autophagy but the process itself is still contentious, especially in the early period following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). In the present study, we investigated the role of mitophagy following 48h after SAH injury in rats. Specifically evaluating whether mitophagy, through voltage dependant anion channels (VDACs) interacting with microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3, could orchestrate the induction of apoptotic and necrotic cell death in neurons, a VDAC1siRNA and an activitor Rapamycian (RAPA), were engaged.