Comprehensive characteristics of pulmonary antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis and the development of a predictive nomogram for mortality.

Objectives: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) associated vasculitis (AAV) is a rare and potential devastating disease with high mortality, frequently with pulmonary involvement. Our study aimed to explore the pulmonary features of AAV and identify predictors of long-term survival.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 538 AAV patients diagnosed between January 2013 and July 2019, with follow-up data extending to August 2020.

A bibliometric analysis of abdominal aortic aneurysm (2014-2024).

Background: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a localized bulge of the abdominal aorta, which mainly manifests as a pulsatile mass in the abdomen. Once an abdominal aortic aneurysm ruptures, the patient's life is seriously endangered. Surgery is the preferred treatment for abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Prediction Model of In-Hospital Death for Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Unit: The PD-ICU Score.

Introduction: Patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) are exposed to poor clinical outcomes, and no specific prognostic models are available among this population. We aimed to develop and validate a risk score for prognosis prediction for these patients.

Methods: This was a multicenter observation study.

Applications and perspectives of tumor organoids in radiobiology (Review).

Radiotherapy exhibits significant versatility and efficacy in cancer treatment, thereby playing a crucial role in the field of oncology. However, there remains an urgent need for extensive research on various aspects of radiotherapy, including target selection, damage repair and its combination with immunotherapy. Particularly, the development of models to replicate tumor lesion responses is vital.

Association between plasma proteome and pulmonary heart disease: A two-stage Mendelian randomization analysis.

Pulmonary heart disease (PHD) involves altered structure and function of the right ventricle caused by an abnormal respiratory system that causes pulmonary hypertension. However, the association between changes in plasma proteomics and PHD remains unclear. Hence, we aimed to identify causal associations between genetically predicted plasma protein levels and PHD.

Endovascular repair of bilateral isolated common iliac artery aneurysms with unsuitable anatomy utilizing an aortic bifurcated unibody endograft and modified sandwich technique to preserve pelvic blood flow: a case series.

Bilateral isolated common iliac artery aneurysms (CIAAs) are rare, and endovascular repair of CIAAs has emerged as an alternative to traditional open surgical repair. The primary goal of therapy is to exclude the aneurysm sac while maintaining perfusion of at least one internal iliac artery (IIA) to prevent pelvic ischemia. Although the iliac branch device (IBD) has improved the feasibility of preserving the IIA, its applicability is limited to a specific subset of aneurysm anatomy.

Selective aneurysmal sac neck-targeted embolization during endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm with hostile neck anatomy.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of selective aneurysmal sac neck-targeted embolization in endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) in patients with a hostile neck anatomy (HNA).

Materials And Methods: Between October 2020 and June 2022, patients with an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and HNA who underwent EVAR with a low-profile stent graft and a selective aneurysmal sac neck-targeted embolization technique were analysed. An HNA was defined by the presence of any of the following parameters: infrarenal neck angulation > 60°; neck length < 15 mm; conical neck; circumferential calcification ≥ 50%; or thrombus ≥ 50%.

A protocol of Chinese expert consensuses for the management of health risk in the general public.

Introduction: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) represent the leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Robust evidence has demonstrated that modifiable lifestyle factors such as unhealthy diet, smoking, alcohol consumption and physical inactivity are the primary causes of NCDs. Although a series of guidelines for the management of NCDs have been published in China, these guidelines mainly focus on clinical practice targeting clinicians rather than the general population, and the evidence for NCD prevention based on modifiable lifestyle factors has been disorganized.

A machine learning diagnostic model for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in patients with severe pneumonia.

Background: The diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) in patients presenting with severe pneumonia is challenging and delays in treatment were associated with worse prognosis. This study aimed to develop a rapid, easily available, noninvasive machine learning diagnostic model for PCP among patients with severe pneumonia.

Methods: A retrospective study was performed in West China Hospital among consecutive patients with severe pneumonia who had undergone bronchoalveolar lavage for etiological evaluation between October 2010 and April 2021.

Pulmonary CT imaging findings in fat embolism syndrome: case series and literature review.

Background: Fat embolism syndrome (FES) is a rare life-threatening complication, which commonly affects the lung. Currently, the most widely accepted criteria for the diagnosis of FES are the Gurd and Wilson Criteria established nearly 40 years ago, but without pulmonary images involved. Our study aims to analyse the pulmonary computed tomography (CT) findings seen in FES.

Successful Application of Argatroban During VV-ECMO in a Pregnant Patient Complicated With ARDS due to Severe Tuberculosis: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Severe tuberculosis during pregnancy may progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and venovenous (VV) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) should be considered if conventional lung-protective mechanical ventilation fails. However, thrombocytopenia often occurs with ECMO, and there are limited reports of alternative anticoagulant therapies for pregnant patients with thrombocytopenia during ECMO. This report describes the first case of a pregnant patient who received argatroban during ECMO and recovered.

Validation of Risk Assessment Models Predicting Venous Thromboembolism in Inpatients with Acute Exacerbation Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Multicenter Cohort Study in China.

Background:  Inpatients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) are at increased risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE); however, the prophylaxis for VTE is largely underused in China. Identifying high-risk patients requiring thromboprophylaxis is critical to reduce the mortality and morbidity associated with VTE. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the validities of the Padua Prediction Score and Caprini risk assessment model (RAM) in predicting the risk of VTE in inpatients with AECOPD in China.

Crazy-paving patterns as rare radiological manifestations of pulmonary cryptococcosis: a case report.

Background: Crazy-paving patterns are rarely reported as radiological manifestations of pulmonary cryptococcosis.

Case Presentation: Herein, we presented a very rare case of a crazy-paving pattern as a radiological manifestation of pulmonary cryptococcosis in a patient with primary ciliary dyskinesia. The diagnosis of pulmonary cryptococcosis and primary ciliary dyskinesia was ultimately confirmed by bronchoscopic biopsy, fungus culture, whole exome sequencing of blood, etc.

Comparison of Different Clinical Prognostic Scores in Patients with Pulmonary Embolism and Active Cancer.

Objective: This article aimed to validate and compare the prognostic performance of generic scores (Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index [PESI] and Hestia) and cancer-specific pulmonary embolism (PE)/venous thromboembolism (VTE) scales (Registro Informatizado de la Enfermedad TromboEmbólica [RIETE], POMPE-C, and modified Ottawa) in PE patients with active cancer.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted among 460 patients with PE and active cancer. The primary outcome was 30-day overall mortality.

Comparison between the Khorana prediction score and Caprini risk assessment models for assessing the risk of venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients with cancer: a retrospective case control study.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the optimal risk assessment model (RAM) to stratify the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in hospitalized patients with cancer. We examined and compared the VTE predictive ability of the Khorana score (KS) and the Caprini RAM in hospitalized cancer patients.

Methods: We performed a retrospective case-control study among hospitalized cancer patients admitted to a comprehensive hospital in China from January 2015 to December 2016.

Immediate and short-term effects of transcatheter device closure of large atrial septal defect in senior people.

Objectives: We sought to evaluate the safety and efficacy in improving cardiac function and functional capacity with device closure of large atrial septal defects (ASD) in senior adults.

Background: Atrial septal defect accounts for about 10% of all congenital heart disease. It still remains unclear whether large ASD closure in senior people should be performed or not.

Smad3 promotes cancer progression by inhibiting E4BP4-mediated NK cell development.

TGF-β is known to influence tumour progression. Here we report an additional role of Smad3 in the tumour microenvironment regulating cancer progression. Deletion or inhibition of Smad3 in the tumour microenvironment suppresses tumour growth, invasion and metastasis in two syngeneic mouse tumour models.

Endothelial Cell Mediated Promotion of Ciliated Cell Differentiation of Human Airway Basal Cells via Insulin and Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Receptor Mediated Signaling.

Human airway basal cells (BC) function as stem/progenitor cells of the human airway epithelium, capable of differentiating into ciliated and secretory cells during turnover and repair. The positioning of BC along the basement membrane allows for potential paracrine signaling from non-epithelial cells in the mesenchyme to regulate BC function. Based on the knowledge that interaction between the airway epithelium and mesenchyme is critical for proper maintenance of both tissues, and that endothelial cells (EC) can regulate multiple functions of BC, the present study was designed to help understand the role of BC and EC cross-talk in regulating BC stem/progenitor function.

The measurement of lung volumes using body plethysmography and helium dilution methods in COPD patients: a correlation and diagnosis analysis.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic airway disease characterized by persistent airflow limitation. Moreover, lung hyperinflation evaluated by lung volumes is also the key pathophysiologic process during COPD progression. Nevertheless, there is still no preferred method to evaluate lung volumes.

TGF-β/Smad3 signalling regulates the transition of bone marrow-derived macrophages into myofibroblasts during tissue fibrosis.

Myofibroblasts are a main cell-type of collagen-producing cells during tissue fibrosis, but their origins remains controversial. While bone marrow-derived myofibroblasts in renal fibrosis has been reported, the cell origin and mechanisms regulating their transition into myofibroblasts remain undefined. In the present study, cell lineage tracing studies by adoptive transfer of GFP+ or dye-labelled macrophages identified that monocyte/macrophages from bone marrow can give rise to myofibroblasts via the process of macrophage-myofibroblast transition (MMT) in a mouse model of unilateral ureteric obstruction.