The effect of SGLT2 inhibitor in patients with type 2 diabetes and atrial fibrillation.

Background: Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors improve clinical outcomes in several populations including type 2 diabetes (T2D), chronic renal insufficiency, and heart failure (HF). However, limited data exist on their effects on atrial fibrillation (AF).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the National Health Insurance Service database.

Association between Age at Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes and Subsequent Risk of Dementia and Its Major Subtypes.

: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major contributor to cognitive decline and dementia in older adults; however, the role of the age of onset of T2DM in younger patients remains uncertain. We explored the association between the risk of dementia and its subtypes in relation to the age at T2DM diagnosis. This population cohort study included a total of 612,201 newly diagnosed T2DM patients.

Clinical outcomes of COVID-19 infection in patients with osteoporosis: a nationwide cohort study in Korea using the common data model.

Many older patients with COVID-19 likely have co-morbid osteoporosis. We investigated the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients with osteoporosis. This was a retrospective cohort study using national claims data from Korea encoded in the common data model.

The Association of Smoking Status with Diabetic Microvascular Complications in Korean Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Purpose: Few studies have investigated the association between smoking and microvascular complications in the Asian population with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We aimed to investigate the relationship between smoking status and microvascular complications in Korean patients with T2DM.

Materials And Methods: From the Korean National Diabetes Program cohort, we included 2316 Korean male with T2DM who had baseline clinical information available, including their smoking status, and underwent diabetic complication studies.

Impact of diabetes distress on glycemic control and diabetic complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

The effect of diabetes distress on glycemic control and its association with diabetes complications is still poorly understood. We aimed to study the clinical features of patients with high diabetes distress, focusing on changes in glycemic control and risk of diabetic complications. From the Korean National Diabetes Program data, we investigated 1862 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who completed diabetic complication studies and the Korean version of the Problem Areas in Diabetes Survey (PAID-K).

Association between age at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality risks: A nationwide population-based study.

Aims: We aimed to investigate the association between the age at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes and the risk of cardiovascular (CVD) outcomes in comparison with nondiabetic counterparts.

Methods: A total of 634,350 patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2014 were included in a Korean population cohort study. Nondiabetic matched controls were selected from the general population in a 1:2 ratio.

Familial Correlation and Heritability of Hand Grip Strength in Korean Adults (Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2014 to 2019).

Backgruound: The onset and progression of sarcopenia are highly variable among individuals owing to genetic and environmental factors. However, there are a limited number of studies measuring the heritability of muscle strength in large numbers of parent-adult offspring pairs. We aimed to investigate the familial correlation and heritability of hand grip strength (HGS) among Korean adults.

β-hydroxybutyrate as a biomarker of β-cell function in new-onset type 2 diabetes and its association with treatment response at 6 months.

Aims: Increasing attention has been paid to the potential metabolic benefits of ketone bodies, but the clinical relevance of ketone bodies in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) remains unclear. We investigated the clinical implications of ketone bodies at the time of diagnosis in patients with drug-naïve T2D.

Methods: Clinical data including serum β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB) levels, were collected from 369 patients with newly diagnosed drug-naïve T2D from 2017 to 2021.

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with Sarcopenia and Carotid Plaque Progression Risk in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: We aimed to evaluate whether non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with or without sarcopenia is associated with progression of carotid atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: We investigated 852 T2DM patients who underwent abdominal ultrasonography, bioelectrical impedance analysis, and carotid artery ultrasonography at baseline and repeated carotid ultrasonography after 6 to 8 years. NAFLD was confirmed by abdominal ultrasonography, and sarcopenia was defined as a sex-specific skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) value <2 standard deviations below the mean for healthy young adults.

Prevalence and risk of diabetic complications in young-onset versus late-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Aims: To compare the prevalence and risk of diabetic complications between people with young-onset and late-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: In this observational study, 10,447 people with T2DM had at least one study of diabetic complications: retinopathy, neuropathy, chronic kidney disease (CKD), carotid artery plaque. We use odds ratios to compare complications between young-onset T2DM (YOD) and late-onset T2DM (LOD).

Prediction of antidiabetic effect after gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction in patients with gastric cancer and type 2 diabetes.

This study investigated the antidiabetic outcomes after gastrectomy with long-limb RY reconstruction (LRYR) and the prognostic factors for remission after 1 year in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and gastric cancer. In 25 Koreans with T2DM and gastric cancer, plasma glucose and insulin levels were measured during a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test, before and 1 week after gastrectomy with LRYR. Patients were examined after 1 year and we defined glycemic control as "remission" when the HbA1c level after 1 year was <6.

Effect of low skeletal muscle mass and sarcopenic obesity on chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between low muscle mass or sarcopenic obesity and the risk of incident chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: A total of 3123 patients with T2DM with preserved renal function were followed up for incident CKD. Skeletal muscle mass was estimated from bioelectrical impedance analysis.

Effect of Dapagliflozin in Combination with Lobeglitazone and Metformin in Korean Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Real-World Clinical Practice.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of dapagliflozin as an add-on or a switch therapy to lobeglitazone plus metformin (MFM) in Korean patients with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in real-world clinical practice.

Materials And Methods: The study included 109 patients who started dapagliflozin as add-on or switch therapy to lobeglitazone plus MFM. The primary outcome was a change in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level from baseline after 12 months of treatment.

Differences in complication patterns in subgroups of type 2 diabetes according to insulin resistance and beta-cell function.

This study aimed to determine whether the patterns of diabetic complications differed when patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were simply classified according to insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function. This observational study included 8861 patients with T2DM who underwent concurrent testing for fasting glucose, fasting insulin, and one or more diabetic complications. We categorized the patients into four groups according to insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function.

Association between Metabolically Healthy Obesity and Subclinical Atherosclerosis in the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Etiology Research Center (CMERC) Cohort.

We aimed to investigate the association between a new definition of metabolic health (MH) and subclinical atherosclerosis in a cohort of patients without previous cardiovascular disease (CVD). In total, 7824 community-dwelling adults were categorized as normal weight, overweight, or obese. Metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) was defined as obesity accompanied by all of the following criteria: systolic blood pressure (BP) < 130 mmHg, no use of BP-lowering medication, waist-hip ratio <0.

Ezetimibe combination therapy with statin for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: an open-label randomized controlled trial (ESSENTIAL study).

Background: The effect of ezetimibe, Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 inhibitor, on liver fat is not clearly elucidated. Our primary objective was to evaluate the efficacy of ezetimibe plus rosuvastatin versus rosuvastatin monotherapy to reduce liver fat using magnetic resonance imaging-derived proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF) in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Methods: A randomized controlled, open-label trial of 70 participants with NAFLD confirmed by ultrasound who were assigned to receive either ezetimibe 10 mg plus rosuvastatin 5 mg daily or rosuvastatin 5 mg for up to 24 weeks.

State-of-the-Art Overview of the Pharmacological Treatment of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide, and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a subtype of NAFLD, can progress to cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and death. Nevertheless, the current treatment for NAFLD/NASH is limited to lifestyle modifications, and no drugs are currently officially approved as treatments for NASH. Many global pharmaceutical companies are pursuing the development of medications for the treatment of NASH, and results from phase 2 and 3 clinical trials have been published in recent years.

Relationships Between Pulmonary Function and Composite Indices of Femoral Neck Strength in Korean Men (KNHANES IV).

Background: Despite the close relationship between osteoporosis and chronic pulmonary diseases, few studies have evaluated relationships between pulmonary functions and bone quality. We investigated associations between pulmonary function test results and femoral neck strength indices (SIs) in Korean men.

Methods: This population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey IV on 936 men aged ≥ 19 years.

Advanced Liver Fibrosis Is Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the causal relationship between NAFLD and CKD is uncertain, particularly in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We aimed to investigate the association between the presence and severity of NAFLD and incident CKD in patients with T2DM.

Expeditiously Crystallized Pure Orthorhombic-HfZrO for Negative Capacitance Field Effect Transistors.

Ultralow-power logic devices are next-generation electronics in which their maximum efficacies are realized at minimum input power expenses. The integration of ferroelectric negative capacitors in the regular gate stacks of two-dimensional field-effect transistors addresses two intriguing challenges in today's electronics; short channel effects and high operating voltages. The complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor-compatible HfZrO (HZO) is an excellent ferroelectric material crystallized in a noncentrosymmetric o-phase.

Use of statin for the primary prevention of cardiovascular outcomes in elderly patients: A propensity-matched cohort study.

Background And Aims: Herein, we investigate whether statin treatment as primary prevention reduces cardiovascular outcomes in elderly Asian patients.

Methods: Data were obtained from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Senior Cohort database (n = 558,147). A total of 81,729 elderly patients (≥75 years) without clinically recognized atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) were included.

Effect of Ezetimibe on Glucose Metabolism and Inflammatory Markers in Adipose Tissue.

Despite numerous studies, the effects of ezetimibe on glucose metabolism are poorly understood. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of ezetimibe on glucose metabolism and the expression of inflammatory markers. Thirteen rats were randomly assigned to an ezetimibe ( = 6) or control group ( = 7).