Angular hypertrophied epiphysis of the thumb distal phalanx in radial polydactyly.

In a series of 271 consecutive duplicated thumbs, an angular, hypertrophied epiphysis was detected in 13 thumbs. We propose a revised version of the radial polydactyly classification that includes this pattern as a separate type from triphalangeal thumb.

A Pilot Study of the Gut Microbiota in Spine Fusion Surgery Patients.

Background: The microbiome has been identified as a contributor to bone quality. As skeletal health is critical to success of orthopedic surgery, the gut microbiome may be a modifiable factor associated with postoperative outcomes. For spine fusion surgery in particular, bone formation and sufficient bone mineral density are essential for successful outcomes.

Hematologic and clinical chemistry reference intervals for six species of wild birds frequently rescued in the Republic of Korea.

Objective: Reference intervals for hematologic and clinical chemistry values are useful when diagnosing a pathologic condition in animals. This study establishes relevant reference intervals for six species of wild birds that are frequently rescued at wildlife rescue centers in the Republic of Korea.

Methods: Forty-two Eurasian eagle owls (), 34 Oriental turtle doves (), 73 domestic pigeons (), 27 brown hawk-owls (), 76 common kestrels (), and 25 Eurasian magpies () were included in this study.

Transformer-based model for predicting length of stay in intensive care unit in sepsis patients.

Introduction: Sepsis, a life-threatening condition with a high mortality rate, requires intensive care unit (ICU) admission. The increasing hospitalization rate for patients with sepsis has escalated medical costs due to the strain on ICU resources. Efficient management of ICU resources is critical to addressing this challenge.

A Cross-sectional Survey of Physicians to Understand Biomarker Testing and Treatment Patterns in Patients with Prostate Cancer in the USA, EU5, Japan, and China.

Background And Objective: Treatment landscape in advanced prostate cancer (PC) is evolving. There is limited understanding of the factors influencing decision-making for genetic/genomic testing and the barriers to recommending testing and treatment in international real-world clinical practice following the approval of poly-adenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) for metastatic castration-resistant PC (mCRPC). This work aims to assess genetic/genomic testing patterns and methods, including for homologous recombination repair mutation (HRRm), and treatment decisions among physicians caring for patients with PC across the USA, Europe, and Asia.

Effectiveness of mobile mindfulness training on stress, burnout, and work engagement of office workers: protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Work stress has a detrimental impact on individual health and corporate efficiency and productivity. Mindfulness reduces workers' stress and burnout and increases work engagement and performance. Smartphone-based interventions could be an alternative to provide customized training without geographical or economic constraints.

is Expressed on the Left Side of the Brain Vesicle in the Ascidian Larva.

The ascidian larvae, which display a chordate ground body plan, are left-right asymmetric in several structures, including the brain vesicle. In ascidian larvae, the ocellus and otolith pigment cells, which are thought to detect light and gravity respectively, are located on the right side of the brain vesicle, while the coronet cells, which are presumed to be dopaminergic, are located on the left side. To study how left-right asymmetry of the brain vesicle in the ascidian larva is determined, I attempted to isolate a gene that is expressed in the brain vesicle.

Zebrafish PEX1 Is Required for the Generation of GABAergic Neuron in p3 Domain.

Maintenance of neural progenitors requires Notch signaling in vertebrate development. Previous study has shown that Jagged2-mediated Notch signaling maintains proliferating neural progenitors in the ventral spinal cord. However, components for Jagged-mediated signaling remain poorly defined during late neurogenesis.

Effect of Different Regional Characteristics of Spawning and Growing Sites on Growth and Taste of Pacific Oyster, .

While Pacific oysters are important commercial aquaculture species worldwide, the effect of hormonal regulation and environmental conditions on growth and taste profile have not been fully known. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) systems are known to play a major role in regulating neuroendocrine functions across various physiological processes and are particularly involved in growth. IGFs expression also is directly related to the nutritional status of vertebrates, however, full mechanism has not been clearly identified in bivalves.

A new species of the genus Heylaerts, 1885 (Lepidoptera, Psychidae) from Korea with its natural parasitoid enemy.

Roh & Lee, is described as new to science. The morphology of male adult, including genitalia, is described, and DNA barcodes for precise identification of the species are provided. A parasitoid, Townsend, 1916 (Diptera, Tachinidae) of is also reported for the first time in Korea, together with its DNA barcode sequence.

Subtilases: a major prospect to the genome editing in horticultural crops.

Plant peptides, synthesized from larger precursor proteins, often undergo proteolytic cleavage and post-translational modifications to form active peptide hormones. This process involves several proteolytic enzymes (proteases). Among these, SBTs (serine proteases) are a major class of proteolytic enzymes in plants and play key roles in various regulatory mechanisms, including plant immune response, fruit development and ripening, modulating root growth, seed development and germination, and organ abscission.

Minimizing Surgical Margins in Basal Cell Carcinoma: A Single Institution's Experience with Excision and Reconstruction Methods.

 Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the predominant nonmelanocytic skin cancer, with preservation of both function and aesthetics being essential during tumor removal. Existing surgical margin guidelines primarily target ill-defined BCCs prevalent in Western countries. Therefore, this study aims to demonstrate the efficacy of surgical removal, propose modified guidelines for wide excision tailored to Asian patients, and share experiences with various reconstruction methods.

Germline predisposition in multiple myeloma.

We present a study of rare germline predisposition variants in 954 unrelated individuals with multiple myeloma (MM) and 82 MM families. Using a candidate gene approach, we identified such variants across all age groups in 9.1% of sporadic and 18% of familial cases.

Variation in approach for midsize (4-6cm) ventral hernias across a statewide quality improvement collaborative.

Introduction: Repair of midsize (4-6 cm) ventral hernias is challenging given lack of guidelines. Within this context, we sought to characterize surgical approach among patients undergoing repair of midsize ventral hernias within the only population-level, clinically-nuanced hernia registry in the US.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing ventral hernia repair in the Michigan Surgical Quality Collaborative Core Optimization Hernia Registry (MSQC-COHR).

Surgical management of short-segment Hirschsprung disease.

Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) is the most common congenital motility disorder of the intestine, characterized by the absence of ganglion cells in the myenteric and submucosal plexuses, leading to functional bowel obstruction. Short-segment Hirschsprung disease (SS-HSCR) accounts for the majority of cases, with surgical resection being the cornerstone of treatment. Despite advances in surgical techniques, considerable variability exists in practice regarding the timing of surgery, the choice of technique, and the length of aganglionic rectal cuff to resect.

A Novel Subspecies of Causing Leaf Spot in East Asian Hogweed.

During disease surveys in 2021 and 2022, outbreaks of leaf spot were observed in East Asian hogweed () plants in fields located in Pyeongchang and Yeongwol, Gangwon Province, Korea. The disease incidence in the fields ranged from 2% to 50%. Based on the morphological and cultural characteristics, four single-conidium fungal isolates from the leaf spot symptoms were identified as sp.

Effects of Blue Light on Fruiting Body Production and Ergothioneine Content During Sawdust Cultivation of Shiitake ().

The cultivation period of shiitake () is approximately 120-150 d, which is longer than that of other edible mushrooms. The development of fruiting bodies in shiitake is affected by light exposure. In this study, we investigated the effects of blue light on the production and ergothioneine contents of shiitake mushrooms.

A New Species and Three New Records Belonging to and from Korea.

During an investigation of fungi of the orders and in Korea, a new species, sp. nov., and three new records, , , and , were found in soil and freshwater samples.

Levamisole, as a viral vaccine adjuvant, induces robust host defense through the modulation of innate and adaptive immune responses.

Introduction: An effective vaccination policy must be implemented to prevent foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). However, the currently used vaccines for FMD have several limitations, including induction of humoral rather than cellular immune responses.

Methods: To overcome these shortcomings, we assessed the efficacy of levamisole, a small-molecule immunomodulator, as an adjuvant for the FMD vaccine.

Assessment of greenhouse gas emissions and environmental impacts in the manufacturing process of thermoelectric coolers: A life-cycle impact perspective.

A path to carbon neutrality requires the development of refrigeration units that use no refrigerant or emit less greenhouse gas (GHG), such as Thermoelectric coolers (TECs). Using the life cycle inventory assessment (LCIA), the environmental impacts of the manufacturing process of TECs were analyzed, including greenhouse gas emissions, human carcinogenic toxicity (HCT), terrestrial ecotoxicity (TE), freshwater ecotoxicity (FE), mineral resource scarcity (MRS), and fossil resource scarcity (FRS). The alumina plate manufacturing process produces the most GHG emissions because it uses a lot of electricity in the sintering process.

Effect of long and short half-life PDE5 inhibitors on HbA1c levels: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors, owing to their mechanism of action, have been gaining recognition as a potential case of drug repurposing and combination therapy for diabetes treatment. We aimed to examine the effect of long and short half-life PDE5 inhibitors have on Haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in people with elevated HbA1c (>6%) to assess mean difference in HbA1c levels from baseline versus controls after any PDE5 inhibitor intervention of ≥4 weeks, excluding multiple interventions.

Cation Effect on the Electrochemical Platinum Dissolution.

Ensuring the stability of electrocatalysts is paramount to the success of electrochemical energy conversion devices. Degradation is a fundamental process involving the release of positively charged metal ions into the electric double layer (EDL) and their subsequent diffusion into the bulk electrolyte. However, despite its vital importance in achieving prolonged electrocatalysis, the underlying causality of catalyst dissolution with the EDL structure remains largely unknown.

Myeloma cell growth suppression by osteoblast-derived extracellular vesicles: the creation of a non-permissive niche for myeloma cells by bone-forming osteoblasts.

Not available.

The determinants for death in hospital following moderate to severe traumatic brain injury in Australia.

Objectives: To establish the determinants of death in hospital for patients with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) in Australia.

Design, Setting, Participants: Retrospective analysis of Australia New Zealand Trauma Registry (ANZTR) data. Cases were included if they presented to a participating hospital between 1 July 2015 and 30 June 2020 and had an Abbreviated Injury Severity (AIS) score - head greater than 2.