Academic Promotions in Medicine: Characterizing Differences in Curriculum Vitae Across Race and Sex.

Objective: Evaluate quantitative and qualitative differences by sex and race/ethnic identities in curriculum vitae (CV) of faculty candidates for promotion.

Methods: This was a retrospective, multisite, single-institution study of all candidates who applied to be considered for promotion to associate professor or professor from January 2015 to July 2019. Data on leadership positions, grants, and publications were abstracted from CV using a standardized procedure.

Effects of abdominal muscle strengthening and pelvic control exercises on trunk control and pelvic movement in children with unilateral cerebral palsy.

Children with unilateral cerebral palsy (CP) exhibit abnormal movements due to atypical pelvic movements and weakness of trunk muscles. We investigated the effects of abdominal muscle strengthening and pelvic control exercises on trunk control, abdominal muscle thickness change rate, and pelvic movement in children with unilateral CP. Fourteen children with unilateral CP were randomly divided into two groups, and abdominal muscle strengthening and pelvic control exercises were applied to the experimental group, and general physical therapy was applied to the control group, 30 min per session, twice a week, for a total of 8 weeks, respectively.

Permanent Strain Engineering of Molybdenum Disulfide Using Laser-Driven Stressors for Energy-Efficient Resistive Switching Memory Devices.

Strain engineering provides an attractive approach to enhance device performance by modulating the intrinsic electrical properties of materials. This is especially applicable to 2D materials, which exhibit high sensitivity to mechanical stress. However, conventional methods, such as using polymer substrates, to apply strain have limitations in that the strain is temporary and global.

Patient Perceptions of East and Southeast Asian Physicians Amidst Anti-Asian Rhetoric During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objective: To examine the effects of anti-Asian rhetoric on how patients perceive East/Southeast Asian physicians. This study examines changes in patient satisfaction scores of East/Southeast Asian physicians in a multisite health system following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a multisite retrospective study of clinicians from outpatient practices at a single health care system who received patient satisfaction scores via Press Ganey surveys starting 1 year prepandemic (January 1, 2019) through 2 years into the pandemic (December 31, 2021).

Sustained BMP-2 delivery via alginate microbeads and polydopamine-coated 3D-Printed PCL/β-TCP scaffold enhances bone regeneration in long bone segmental defects.

Background/objective: Repair of long bone defects remains a major challenge in clinical practice, necessitating the use of bone grafts, growth factors, and mechanical stability. Hence, a combination therapy involving a 3D-printed polycaprolactone (PCL)/β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold coated with polydopamine (PDA) and alginate microbeads (AM) for sustained delivery of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) was investigated to treat long bone segmental defects.

Methods: Several in vitro analyses were performed to evaluate the scaffold osteogenic effects in vitro such as PDA surface modification, namely, hydrophilicity and cell adhesion; cytotoxicity and BMP-2 release kinetics using CCK-8 assay and ELISA, respectively; osteogenic differentiation in canine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (Ad-MSCs); formation of mineralized nodules using ALP staining and ARS staining; and mRNA expression of osteogenic differentiation markers using RT-qPCR.

Gamma-Irradiation-Induced Electrical Characteristic Variations in MoS Field-Effect Transistors with Buried Local Back-Gate Structure.

The impact of radiation on MoS-based devices is an important factor in the utilization of two-dimensional semiconductor-based technology in radiation-sensitive environments. In this study, the effects of gamma irradiation on the electrical variations in MoS field-effect transistors with buried local back-gate structures were investigated, and their related effects on AlO gate dielectrics and MoS/AlO interfaces were also analyzed. The transfer and output characteristics were analyzed before and after irradiation.

31-GEP (DecisionDx): a review of clinical utility and performance in a Mayo Clinic cohort.

Background: Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is a significant health concern because of its high metastatic potential. Gene Expression Profile (GEP) testing, particularly the 31-GEP test (DecisionDx-Melanoma), has been increasingly used for risk stratification in CM patients. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical utility and performance of the 31-GEP test in a real-world setting.

Stent-Graft Placement for Hepatic Arterial Hemorrhage after Pancreaticobiliary Surgery: Long-Term Clinical Outcomes.

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and long-term clinical outcomes of stent-graft placement to treat hepatic arterial hemorrhage after pancreaticobiliary surgery.

Materials And Methods: Outcomes were retrospectively evaluated in 61 patients (50 men and 11 women; mean age, 63 years) who underwent stent-graft placement for delayed arterial hemorrhage (after 24 hours) after pancreaticobiliary surgery from 2006 to 2023. Bleeding sites included the gastroduodenal artery stump (n = 54), common or proper hepatic artery (n = 5), and right hepatic artery (n = 2).

ChatGPT offers an editorial on the opportunities for chatbots in dermatologic research and patient care.

ChatGPT is a chatbot developed by OpenAI, an artificial intelligence research laboratory, that is trained on massive-scale internet text data to understand a broad range of language styles and topics. As a mature, conversational chatbot, ChatGPT can respond to follow-up questions and produce coherent primary texts based on the user's request. We explore the opportunities and risks of integrating chatbots into dermatologic patient care and research while presenting ChatGPT's response to the same question.

A Mixed-Method Approach to Explore Successful Recruitment and Treatment of Minority Patients on Therapeutic Cancer Clinical Trials at a Tertiary Referral Center Using Photo-Elicitation Interviews.

Introduction: Under-represented minority patients (URM) enroll in cancer clinical trials (CCT) at low rates. To gain insight into barriers and facilitators to CCT enrollment, we conducted a mixed method study of URM patients who were successfully treated on a therapeutic CCT from 2018-2021 at all institutional sites.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of 270 minority patients was conducted to identify patient demographics and characteristics.

Academic Promotions in Medicine: An Appraisal of Fairness.

Objective: To investigate whether the process of conferring academic rank or components of the promotion packet contribute to the lack of parity in academic advancement for women and individuals underrepresented in medicine (URMs).

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed prospective promotion applications to the position of associate professor or professor at Mayo Clinic from January 2, 2015, through July 1, 2019. Individuals with doctorate degrees who applied for either rank were included in the study.

Integrated Identification and Genetic Diversity of Potentially Invasive Clearwing Moths (Lepidoptera: Cossoidea: Sesiidae) in Korea.

The populations of clearwing moth borers in Korea have recently caused extensive and severe damage to pin oaks ( Munchh.). We conducted field monitoring and molecular analyses to identify them in an integrated manner.

Preoperative Balloon-Occluded Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization Followed by Surgical Resection: Pathological Evaluation of Necrosis.

This study investigates the clinical and pathological outcomes of preoperative balloon-occluded transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (B-TACE) in patients with single hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The data are from 25 consecutive patients who underwent sequential treatment of subsegmental B-TACE and hepatic surgery for single HCC. Radiological and pathological evaluation of oily subsegmentectomy, defined as the iodized oil-laden necrotic area that includes the entire HCC and surrounding liver parenchyma, were performed.

Integrated Logic Circuits Based on Wafer-Scale 2D-MoS FETs Using Buried-Gate Structures.

Two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) materials, such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS), stand out due to their atomically thin layered structure and exceptional electrical properties. Consequently, they could potentially become one of the main materials for future integrated high-performance logic circuits. However, the local back-gate-based MoS transistors on a silicon substrate can lead to the degradation of electrical characteristics.

Nanostructured Vanadium Dioxide Materials for Optical Sensing Applications.

Vanadium dioxide (VO) is one of the strongly correlated materials exhibiting a reversible insulator-metal phase transition accompanied by a structural transition from a low-temperature monoclinic phase to high-temperature rutile phase near room temperature. Due to the dramatic change in electrical resistance and optical transmittance of VO, it has attracted considerable attention towards the electronic and optical device applications, such as switching devices, memory devices, memristors, smart windows, sensors, actuators, etc. The present review provides an overview of several methods for the synthesis of nanostructured VO, such as solution-based chemical approaches (sol-gel process and hydrothermal synthesis) and gas or vapor phase synthesis techniques (pulsed laser deposition, sputtering method, and chemical vapor deposition).

Transarterial chemoembolization for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma without macrovascular invasion or extrahepatic metastasis: analysis of factors prognostic of clinical outcomes.

Objectives: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of TACE and factors predicting survival in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) without macrovascular invasion (MVI) or extrahepatic spread (EHS).

Methods: This single-center retrospective study included 236 treatment-naïve patients who underwent TACE as first-line treatment for advanced HCC without MVI or EHS between January 2007 and December 2021.

Results: Following TACE, the median overall survival (OS) was 24 months.

Artificial intelligence for automatic detection of basal cell carcinoma from frozen tissue tangential biopsies.

Evaluation of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) involves tangential biopsies of a suspicious lesion that is sent for frozen sections and evaluated by a Mohs micrographic surgeon. Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have made possible the development of sophisticated clinical decision support systems to provide real-time feedback to clinicians that could have a role in optimizing the diagnostic workup of BCC. There were 287 annotated whole-slide images of frozen sections from tangential biopsies, of which 121 contained BCC, that were used to train and test an AI pipeline to recognize BCC.

Artificial intelligence in medicine - dermatology compared to other medical specialties in FDA-cleared software as medical device.

Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have occupied the center stage in healthcare as research groups and institutions investigate their capabilities and risks. Dermatology is often cited as one of the medical specialties most ripe for disruption with AI technology due to the heavy incorporation of visual information into clinical decisions and treatments. Although the literature on AI in dermatology is rapidly growing, there has been a noticeable absence of mature AI solutions utilized by dermatology departments or patients.

Delayed Diagnosis of Retronychia: How Ultrasound Can Nail the Diagnosis in Clinically Subtle Patients.

A 47-year-old man presented to the dermatologic surgery clinic with a 7-month history of a painful, swollen left great toe after minor trauma. Intermittently, the toe became exquisitely tender such that even weight of a blanket exacerbated pain. The patient initially presented to primary care with purulence and pain, but the culture of expressed purulence revealed normal flora.

A Bioinspired Ultra Flexible Artificial van der Waals 2D-MoS Channel/LiSiO Solid Electrolyte Synapse Arrays via Laser-Lift Off Process for Wearable Adaptive Neuromorphic Computing.

Wearable electronic devices with next-generation biocompatible, mechanical, ultraflexible, and portable sensors are a fast-growing technology. Hardware systems enabling artificial neural networks while consuming low power and processing massive in situ personal data are essential for adaptive wearable neuromorphic edging computing. Herein, the development of an ultraflexible artificial-synaptic array device with concrete-mechanical cyclic endurance consisting of a novel heterostructure with an all-solid-state 2D MoS channel and LiSiO (lithium silicate) is demonstrated.

Scoping review of medical students' perceptions of the field of dermatology.

Background: Although perceived barriers to applying to dermatology have been researched among medical students, there remains a dearth of literature dedicated to understanding perceptions that medical students have of the field of dermatology and dermatologists.

Methods: A review of the literature in Embase, Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect were carried out to identify articles and abstracts between 2016 and 2021 relating to medical student perceptions of the field of dermatology. Peer-reviewed English studies measuring attitudes/level of interest in dermatology or other specialities, understanding of dermatologic topics, procedures, and/or scope of practice were included.

Comparing Whole Slide Imaging and Light Microscopy to Identify Tumor in Frozen Sections.

Objective: To assess accuracy of whole slide imaging (WSI) in the interpretation of permanent and frozen sections in surgical pathology and the identification of tumors in cutaneous en face frozen sections.

Methods: Twenty glass slides containing cutaneous frozen sections were selected from twenty cases of keratinocyte carcinomas treated with Mohs micrographic surgery. Ten slides contained tumor and ten did not.

A woman with recurrent umbilical bleeding: a case report.

Background: Umbilical discharge in an adult is rare and generates broad diagnostic considerations. Umbilical anatomy is variable owing to congenital abnormalities and acquired pathology such as umbilical hernias. The umbilicus can be a site of primary or metastatic malignancy or endometriosis.