Key enzymatic activities and metabolic pathway dynamics in acidogenic fermentation of food waste: Impact of pH and organic loading rate.

Acidogenic fermentation was an effective technology to recover volatile fatty acids (VFAs) ethanol and lactic acid from food wastes (FW) as bioresources. However, the impact of process controls on key functional enzymes and metabolic pathways has been inadequately understood. In this study, the metabolite distribution, key functional enzymes and metabolic pathways were completely elucidated using 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing combined with PICRUSt2.

lncRNA TCONS_00251376 promotes the proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cell through upregulating ETV1.

Background: Although there have been significant advancements in the treatment modalities for gastric cancer (GC) in recent years, the overall prognosis remains poor, particularly for individuals in advanced stages. The absence of a sensitive tumor marker in GC is a crucial factor contributing to this challenge.

Methods: Our study focused on investigating a newly discovered long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) known as TCONS_00251376, which has been confirmed to exhibit differential expression in GC compared to adjacent tissues.

Effect of Adding Electroacupuncture to Standard Triple Antiemetic Therapy on Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

Purpose: We aim to determine the effectiveness of adding electroacupuncture to standard triple antiemetic therapy for treating chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV).

Methods: From March 2022 to December 2023, a randomized, blind, sham-controlled trial conducted across six Chinese hospitals investigated patients with breast cancer undergoing highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC). Patients were randomly assigned to either true electroacupuncture (n = 120) or sham electroacupuncture (n = 119) groups, with both groups receiving standard triple antiemetic therapy.

Furin Egress from the TGN is Regulated by Membrane-Associated RING-CH Finger (MARCHF) Proteins and Ubiquitin-Specific Protease 32 (USP32) via Nondegradable K33-Polyubiquitination.

Furin primarily localizes to the trans-Golgi network (TGN), where it cleaves and activates a broad range of immature proproteins that play critical roles in cellular homeostasis, disease progression, and infection. Furin is retrieved from endosomes to the TGN after being phosphorylated, but it is still unclear how furin exits the TGN to initiate the post-Golgi trafficking and how its activity is regulated in the TGN. Here three membrane-associated RING-CH finger (MARCHF) proteins (2, 8, 9) are identified as furin E3 ubiquitin ligases, which catalyze furin K33-polyubiquitination.

Effects of nanobubble water on digestate soaking hydrolysis of rice straw.

This study investigated the performance of combined nanobubble water (NW) and digestate in the soaking hydrolysis process. Two types of NW (CONW and ONW) with digestate were used to soak rice straw for 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 days. During soaking process, the volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentration in the treatment with ONW and digestate for 3 days (ONW-3 d) reached 7179.

Tuning the Crystallization Mechanism by Composition Vacancy in Phase Change Materials.

Interface-influenced crystallization is crucial to understanding the nucleation- and growth-dominated crystallization mechanisms in phase-change materials (PCMs), but little is known. Here, we find that composition vacancy can reduce the interface energy by decreasing the coordinate number (CN) at the interface. Compared to growth-dominated GeTe, nucleation-dominated GeSbTe (GST) exhibits composition vacancies in the (111) interface to saturate or stabilize the Te-terminated plane.

Titanium Self-Intercalation Induced Formation of Orthogonal (1 × 1) Edge/Surface Reconstruction in 1T-TiSe: Atomic Scale Dynamics and Mechanistic Study.

Edges and surfaces play indispensable roles in affecting the chemical-physical properties of materials, particularly in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) with reduced dimensionality. Herein, we report a novel edge/surface structure in multilayer 1T-TiSe, i.e.

Synergistic effect of hydrothermal sludge and food waste in the anaerobic co-digestion process: microbial shift and dewaterability.

While thermal hydrolysis technology is commonly employed for sewage sludge treatment in extensive wastewater treatment facilities, persistent challenges remain, including issues such as ammonia-induced digestive inhibition and reduced productivity stemming from nutrient deficiency within the hydrothermal sludge. In this study, the effects of hydrothermal sludge-to-food waste mixing ratios and fermentation temperatures on anaerobic co-digestion were systematically investigated through a semi-continuous experiment lasting approximately 100 days. The results indicated that anaerobic co-digestion of hydrothermal sludge and food waste proceeded synergistically at any mixing ratio, and the synergistic effect is mainly attributed to the improvement of carbohydrate removal and digestive system stability.

Association between high body mass index and prognosis of patients with early-stage breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: A high body mass index (BMI) can indicate overweight or obesity and is a crucial risk factor for breast cancer survivors. However, the association between high BMI and prognosis in early-stage breast cancer (EBC) remains unclear. We aimed to assess the effects of high BMI on the prognosis of patients with EBC.

Tubeimosides are pan-coronavirus and filovirus inhibitors that can block their fusion protein binding to Niemann-Pick C1.

SARS-CoV-2 and filovirus enter cells via the cell surface angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) or the late-endosome Niemann-Pick C1 (NPC1) as a receptor. Here, we screened 974 natural compounds and identified Tubeimosides I, II, and III as pan-coronavirus and filovirus entry inhibitors that target NPC1. Using in-silico, biochemical, and genomic approaches, we provide evidence that NPC1 also binds SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein on the receptor-binding domain (RBD), which is blocked by Tubeimosides.

A Complicated Route from Disorder to Order in Antimony-Tellurium Binary Phase Change Materials.

The disorder-to-order (crystallization) process in phase-change materials determines the speed and storage polymorphism of phase-change memory devices. Only by clarifying the fine-structure variation can the devices be insightfully designed, and encode and store information. As essential phase-change parent materials, the crystallized Sb-Te binary system is generally considered to have the cationic/anionic site occupied by Sb/Te atoms.

Enhanced expression of miR-204 attenuates LPS stimulated inflammatory injury through inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway via targeting CCND2.

One of the most common bacterial diseases of the reproductive system in dairy cows is endometritis, which will cause huge economic loss. Here, we investigate the mechanisms of miR-204 on LPS-stimulated endometritis in vitro and in vivo. Experiments displayed that the expression of miR-204 was lower in bovine uterine tissue samples or bovine endometrial epithelial cell line (BEND) that stimulated by LPS.

miR-92b ameliorates lipoteichoic acid induced endometritis by suppressing Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation.

Endometritis is one of the important reasons for the low fecundity of dairy cows, which has brought huge economic losses to the dairy industry. Emerging evidence suggests that miR-92b is a novel therapeutic molecule that plays a crucial role in many inflammatory diseases. However, its mechanism in lipoteichoic acid (LTA) induced endometritis remains unclear.

Optimal deployment of thermal hydrolysis and anaerobic digestion to maximize net energy output based on sewage sludge characteristics.

Thermal hydrolysis (TH) is widely employed in combination with anaerobic digestion (AD) to efficiently treat primary sludge and waste-activated sludge in municipal wastewater treatment plants. In this study, four different scenarios-conventional AD (S1), TH-AD (S2), AD-TH-AD (S3), and characteristics-based AD-TH-AD (S4, primary AD only for primary sludge)-were evaluated to determine the optimal deployment of TH and AD for treating primary sludge and waste-activated sludge to maximize net energy output. The maximum net energy output of 4899 MJ/t-TS (per ton total solids of sludge fed) was achieved in S4 when assuming the recovered heat was only used for AD heating and surplus heat was wasted, and the net energy output of S4 was 70.

Meta-analysis of quality of life in patients with cancer treated with antibody-drug conjugates in randomized controlled trials.

To evaluate the patient-reported outcomes of patients treated with commercially approved antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) reported in randomized controlled trials (RCT) published up to September 2023. A meta-analysis of 6430 patients from 12 randomized controlled trials was conducted. No significant change was observed between the groups from baseline to end of treatment and end of follow-up, with a standardized mean difference of -0.

The MGF300-2R protein of African swine fever virus is associated with viral pathogenicity by promoting the autophagic degradation of IKKα and IKKβ through the recruitment of TOLLIP.

The multigene family genes (MGFs) in the left variable region (LVR) of the African swine fever virus (ASFV) genome have been reported to be involved in viral replication in primary porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) and virulence in pigs. However, the exact functions of key MGFs in the LVR that regulate the replication and virulence of ASFV remain unclear. In this study, we identified the MGF300-2R gene to be critical for viral replication in PAMs by deleting different sets of MGFs in the LVR from the highly virulent strain ASFV HLJ/18 (ASFV-WT).

Hotspots and future trends of phosphorus recycling from livestock manure: A bibliometric review.

In recent decades, the importance of managing the earth's dwindling phosphorus (P) has grown exponentially, as have efforts to develop a circular economy. Livestock manure represents a P-rich waste product, so recycling P from livestock manure has garnered the attention of scholars worldwide. Based on a global database from 1978 to 2021, this study presents the current status of recycling P from livestock manure and proposes strategies for efficient P utilization.

Incidence rate of osteonecrosis of jaw after cancer treated with bisphosphonates and denosumab: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the overall incidence of osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) caused by bisphosphonates and denosumab when used for controlling bone cancer metastasis or as adjuvant therapy.

Subjects And Methods: A systematic search of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases and major meetings' proceedings as of July 30, 2022, identified randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational trials that evaluated ONJ caused by denosumab or bisphosphonates. The total incidence and risk ratio (RR) for ONJ were calculated using a random-effects model.

Efficacy of anti-HER2 drugs in the treatment of patients with HER2-mutated cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (anti-HER2) therapy has shown excellent efficacy in patients with HER2 overexpression and amplification. Although HER2 mutations are rarely expressed in several cancers, when they occur, they can activate the HER2 signaling pathway. In recent years, studies have shown that anti-HER2 drugs have promising efficacy in patients with HER2 mutations.

Uterine Tissue Metabonomics Combined with 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing To Analyze the Changes of Gut Microbiota in Mice with Endometritis and the Intervention Effect of Tau Interferon.

Endometritis is a common cow disease characterized by inflammation of endometrium, which leads to infertility or low fertility of cows and brings huge economic losses to the dairy industry. Tau interferon (IFN-τ) has many important biological functions, including an anti-inflammatory effect. The present study aimed to survey the effects of IFN-τ administration on gut microflora and body metabolism in mice with endometritis and to explore the potential relationship.

Two-step anaerobic digestion of rice straw with nanobubble water.

Lignocellulose usually requires pretreatment to improve biogas production. To enhance lignocellulose biodegradability and improve anaerobic digestion (AD) efficiency, different types (N, CO, and O) of nanobubble water (NW) were applied in this study as soaking agent and AD accelerant to increase the biogas yield of rice straw. The results showed that the cumulative methane yields of treating with NW in two-step AD increased by 11.

Incidence of antibody-drug conjugates-related pneumonitis in patients with solid tumors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have demonstrated significant efficacy in treating solid tumors. However, the occurrence of ADC drug-associated pneumonitis can limit the use of ADCs or have severe consequences, and we know comparatively little about this.

Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane library were exhaustively searched for articles and conference abstracts published before September 30, 2022.

The association between HER2-low expression and prognosis of breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The use of antibody-drug conjugates for the treatment of advanced-stage human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-low expression in breast cancer (BC) has shown prominent curative effects, which has led to increased academic interest. However, the role of HER2-low expression in the prognosis of BC remains controversial.

Methods: We conducted a systematic search of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library databases and several oncology conferences until 20 September 2022.

Comparison of phosphorus species in livestock manure and digestate by different detection techniques.

Phosphorus (P) species characterize the effectiveness of the P fertilizer. In this study, the P species and distribution in different manures (pig manure, dairy manure and chicken manure) and their digestate were systematically investigated through combined characterization methods of Hedley fractionation (HOP, NaHCO-P, NaOH-P, HCl-P, and Residual), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. The results from Hedley fractionation showed that >80 % of P in the digestate was inorganic and the HCl-P content in manure increased significantly during anaerobic digestion (AD).