The Efficacy and Safety of NOVAponin ( Linne Extract Powder) in Mild Functional Dyspepsia: A Single-center, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-controlled Study.

Background/aims: NOVAponin, a functional health food derived from Linne extract improves gastric mucosal injury and increases regeneration and proliferation. This study aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of NOVAponin in individuals with mild functional dyspepsia (FD).

Methods: In this single-center, double-blind, randomized clinical trial, 131 patients with FD meeting the Rome IV criteria were enrolled.

The Potential of Molecular Remission: Tissue Neutrophil Elastase Is Better Than Histological Activity for Predicting Long-Term Relapse in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis in Endoscopic Remission.

Background: Growing interest exists in deep remission, beyond clinical and endoscopic remission, to enhance long-term prognosis in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Our study aimed to evaluate the risk of relapse according to tissue expression levels of calprotectin and neutrophil elastase (NE) in patients with quiescent UC.

Methods: Rectal biopsies were performed on 218 patients with UC in clinical and endoscopic remission.

Real-World Application of Artificial Intelligence for Detecting Pathologic Gastric Atypia and Neoplastic Lesions.

Purpose: Results of initial endoscopic biopsy of gastric lesions often differ from those of the final pathological diagnosis. We evaluated whether an artificial intelligence-based gastric lesion detection and diagnostic system, ENdoscopy as AI-powered Device Computer Aided Diagnosis for Gastroscopy (ENAD CAD-G), could reduce this discrepancy.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively collected 24,948 endoscopic images of early gastric cancers (EGCs), dysplasia, and benign lesions from 9,892 patients who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy between 2011 and 2021.

The Effect of A2 Milk on Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Comparison to A1/A2 Milk: A Single-center, Randomized, Double-blind, Cross-over Study.

β-Casein, a major protein in cow's milk, is divided into the A1 and A2 type variants. Digestion of A1 β-casein yields the peptide β-casomorphin-7 which could cause gastrointestinal (GI) discomfort but A2 milk containing only A2 β-casein might be more beneficial than A1/A2 (regular) milk. The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in GI discomfort after ingestion of A2 milk and A1/A2 milk.

Differences in the risk of clinical failure between thiopurine and methotrexate in bio-naïve patients with Crohn's disease: a Korean nationwide population-based study.

Background: Although immunomodulators are widely prescribed in patients with Crohn's disease (CD), it is unclear whether there is a difference in treatment outcomes between thiopurines and methotrexate (MTX).

Objective: To compare the risk of clinical failure between thiopurines and MTX in bio-naïve patients with CD.

Design: Nationwide, population-based study.

Risk of Ischemic Stroke in Relation to Infection and Eradication Status: A Large-Scale Prospective Observational Cohort Study.

Background/aims: : A few studies have suggested the association between (HP) infection and ischemic stroke. However, the impact of HP eradication on stroke risk has not been well evaluated. This study aimed to assess the influence of HP eradication on the incidence of ischemic stroke, considering the potential effect of sex.

The Effect of on Gut Microbial Changes and Functional Profiles of Metabolism in High-fat Diet-fed Rats Depending on Age and Sex.

Background/aims: A high-fat diet (HFD) causes dysbiosis and promotes inflammatory responses in the colon. This study aims to evaluate the effects of on HFD-induced gut microbial changes in rats.

Methods: Six-week-old Fischer-344 rats with both sexes were given a control or HFD during 8 weeks, and 1-to-100-fold diluted were administered by gavage.

Molecular Activity of Inflammation and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in the Microenvironment of Ulcerative Colitis.

Background/aims: : The genetic expression in the active inflammatory regions is increased in ulcerative colitis (UC) with endoscopic activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular activity of inflammation and tissue remodeling markers in endoscopically inflamed and uninflamed regions of UC.

Methods: : Patients with UC (n=47) and controls (n=20) were prospectively enrolled at the Seoul National University Bundang Hospital.

Sex-dependent different clinicopathological characterization of Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma: a large-scale study.

Background: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC) has been reported to account for approximately 5-16% of all GCs with good prognosis compared to EBV-negative GC. We evaluated the clinicopathological characteristics of EBVaGC including survival rate in South Korea.

Methods: A total of 4,587 patients with GC who underwent EBV in situ hybridization (EBV-ISH) were prospectively enrolled at the Seoul National University Bundang Hospital from 2003 to 2021.

Evaluation of Bacterial and Fungal Biomarkers for Differentiation and Prognosis of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

This study aimed to evaluate bacterial and fungal biomarkers to differentiate patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), predict the IBD prognosis, and determine the relationship of these biomarkers with IBD pathogenesis. The composition and function of bacteria and fungi in stool from 100 IBD patients and 97 controls were profiled using next-generation sequencing. We evaluated the cumulative risk of relapse according to bacterial and fungal enterotypes.

The Possible Preventative Role of Lactate- and Butyrate-Producing Bacteria in Colorectal Carcinogenesis.

Background/aims: : The gut microbiome has emerged as a key player that mechanistically links various risk factors to colorectal cancer (CRC) etiology. However, the role of the gut microbiome in CRC pathogenesis remains unclear. This study aimed to characterize the gut microbiota in healthy controls (HCs) and patients with colorectal adenoma (AD) and CRC in subgroups based on sex and age.

Intelligent Complementary Multi-Modal Fusion for Anomaly Surveillance and Security System.

Recently, security monitoring facilities have mainly adopted artificial intelligence (AI) technology to provide both increased security and improved performance. However, there are technical challenges in the pursuit of elevating system performance, automation, and security efficiency. In this paper, we proposed intelligent anomaly detection and classification based on deep learning (DL) using multi-modal fusion.

Sex Difference of Colon Adenoma Pathway and Colorectal Carcinogenesis.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common causes of cancer morbidity in both sexes but shows sex differences. First, sex-specific differences in tumor recurrence and survival rates have been reported. For example, the development of CRC is found about 1.

Staging Chest CT in Patients With Early-Stage Colon Cancer: Analysis of Impact on Survival Using Inverse Probability Weighting and Causal Diagram.

Staging chest CT has been shown to have negligible diagnostic yield for detecting lung metastases in patients with early-stage colon cancer. Nonetheless, staging chest CT may have potential survival benefits, including opportunistic screening of comorbidity and provision of a baseline examination for future comparisons. Evidence is lacking regarding the impact of staging chest CT on survival in patients with early-stage colon cancer.

Analysis of Characteristics and Risk Factors of Patients with Single Gastric Cancer and Synchronous Multiple Gastric Cancer among 14,603 Patients.

Background/aims: Synchronous multiple gastric cancer (SMGC) accounts for approximately 6% to 14% of gastric cancer (GC) cases. This study aimed to identify risk factors for SMGC.

Methods: A total of 14,603 patients diagnosed with GC were prospectively enrolled.

Preventive effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on the coronary heart diseases depending on age and sex with a median follow-up of 51 months.

Background: The association between Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection and coronary heart disease (CHD) is controversial. This study aimed to investigate the effect of H. pylori eradication on CHD, especially in terms of age and sex.

Effect of Clostridium butyricum on High-Fat Diet-Induced Intestinal Inflammation and Production of Short-Chain Fatty Acids.

Background/aims: A high-fat diet (HFD) can cause intestinal inflammation and alter the gut microbiota; probiotics, however, are known to have anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to investigate the response of rat colon to HFD and the effect of Clostridium butyricum on HFD-induced intestinal inflammation and production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) according to sex.

Methods: Male and female 6-week-old Fischer-344 rats were fed a chow diet or HFD for 8 weeks, and Biovita or three different concentrations of C.

Effects of Aging and Gender on the Anorectal Function of Healthy Subjects Assessed with Conventional Anorectal Manometry.

Background/aims: Anorectal functions are influenced by gender and age. This study sought to define the normal anorectal pressure values measured with conventional anorectal manometry (ARM) and to evaluate the effects of age and gender on anorectal function in asymptomatic subjects.

Methods: Conventional ARM was used to measure the anorectal pressures of 164 asymptomatic healthy subjects, including 86 males and 76 females.

The Clinicopathological Features of Mixed Carcinoma in 7,215 Patients with Gastric Cancer in a Tertiary Hospital in South Korea.

Background/aims: There are few reports regarding mixed carcinoma, defined as a mixture of glandular and poorly cohesive components, in patients with gastric cancer (GC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the proportion and characteristics of mixed carcinoma in GC patients.

Methods: A total of 7,215 patients diagnosed with GC at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital were enrolled from March 2011 to February 2020.