Image Reconstruction for Accelerated MR Scan With Faster Fourier Convolutional Neural Networks.

High quality image reconstruction from undersampled k -space data is key to accelerating MR scanning. Current deep learning methods are limited by the small receptive fields in reconstruction networks, which restrict the exploitation of long-range information, and impede the mitigation of full-image artifacts, particularly in 3D reconstruction tasks. Additionally, the substantial computational demands of 3D reconstruction considerably hinder advancements in related fields.

Association between Coronary Artery Disease Reporting and Data System-recommended Post-Coronary CT Angiography Management and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Stable Chest Pain from a Chinese Registry.

Background Coronary Artery Disease Reporting and Data System (CAD-RADS) was developed to standardize and optimize disease management in patients after coronary CT angiography (CCTA), but the impact of CAD-RADS management recommendations on clinical outcomes remains unclear. Purpose To retrospectively assess the association between the appropriateness of post-CCTA management according to CAD-RADS version 2.0 and clinical outcomes.

Using Machine Learning to Predict the In-Hospital Mortality in Women with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction.

Background: Several studies have shown that women have a higher mortality rate than do men from ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The present study was aimed at developing a new risk-prediction model for all-cause in-hospital mortality in women with STEMI, using predictors that can be obtained at the time of initial evaluation.

Methods: We enrolled 8158 patients who were admitted with STEMI to the Tianjin Chest Hospital and divided them into two groups according to hospital outcomes.

Local Axial Scale-Attention for Universal Lesion Detection.

Universal lesion detection (ULD) in computed tomography (CT) images is an important and challenging prerequisite for computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) to find abnormal tissue, such as tumors of lymph nodes, liver tumors, and lymphadenopathy. The key challenge is that lesions have a tiny size and high similarity with non-lesions, which can easily lead to high false positives. Specifically , non-lesions are nearby normal anatomy that include the bowel, vasculature, and mesentery, which decrease the conspicuity of small lesions since they are often hard to differentiate.

Optimized Machine Learning Models to Predict In-Hospital Mortality for Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction.

Purpose: This study aimed to optimize machine learning (ML) models for predicting in-hospital mortality in patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Patients And Methods: A total of 5708 STEMI patients were enrolled and divided into two groups according to patients' hospital outcomes. Both groups were randomly split into a training set (75%) and a testing set (25%).

Impact of subthalamic nucleus stimulation did not differ on young-onset and older-onset Parkinson's disease: A three-year follow up.

Objective: To assess the role of onset age in the results of bilateral subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS), we carried out a retrospective study of two groups of patients regarding age at disease onset.

Methods: We compared, up to 3 years after surgery, the clinical effects, quality of life and the levodopa equivalent daily dose (LEDD) in patients with young-onset Parkinson's disease (onset age <50 years, YOPD) vs patients with older-onset Parkinson's disease (onset age ≥50 years, OOPD).

Results: A dramatic improvement in motor symptoms was equally observed in both groups of patients after DBS.

Depth Super-resolution from RGB-D Pairs with Transform and Spatial Domain Regularization.

This paper proposes a depth super-resolution method with both transform and spatial domain regularization. In the transform domain regularization, nonlocal correlations are exploited via an auto-regressive model, where each patch is further sparsified with a locally-trained transform to consider intra-patch correlations. In the spatial domain regularization, we propose a multi-directional total variation (MTV) prior to characterize the geometrical structures spatially orientated at arbitrary directions in depth maps.

Successful surgery for refractory seizures associated with bilateral schizencephaly: two case reports and literature review.

Schizencephaly is a rare malformation of cortical development resulting from cell migration defects that occur unilaterally or bilaterally. The type of the schizencephalic cleft can be open lip or closed lip. Patients suffering from refractory seizures secondary to schizencephaly should be considered for surgical treatment.

[Therapeutic effect of gamma knife on intracranial cavernous angioma].

Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of gamma knife on patients with intracranial cavernous angioma (CA).

Methods: The medical records of 122 patients (134 lesions) who underwent radiosurgery were reviewed retrospectively.

Results: Th e average follow-up period was 43 months.

[Efficacy and prognosis of trigeminal neuralgia treated with surgical excision or gamma knife surgery].

Objective: To evaluate the curative effects and complications when using microvascular decompression (MVD) or gamma knife surgery (GKS) to treat trigeminal neuralgia (TN). And to investigate the prognosis for TN after these treatments.

Methods: Sixty-one TN patients treated using MVD and eighty-six TN patients treated using GKS were enrolled by means of telephone, letter or out-patient recheck; the patients had originally presented from December 1996 to June 2010.

[Comparison of prognosis of skull base chordoma treated by surgical resection and gamma knife surgery].

Objective: To analyze the complication, survival and life quality, and to explore the efficacy and prognosis of skull base chordoma treated by open surgery and gamma knife surgery (GKS).

Methods: Thirty-eight patients with skull base chordomas who underwent an open surgery and another 19 patients who underwent GKS between January 2002 and January 2010 were followed up. The Karnofsky performance scale (KPS) at admission,discharge and follow-up, and recurrent rates were calculated through SPSS life-table, and survival rate curve was used to evaluate the efficacy and prognosis.

[Clinical characteristics and operative effect of hippocampus lesions].

Objective: To study the clinical characteristics and operative effect of hippocampus lesions.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics and operative outcome of 44 patients with hippocampus lesions between August 2005 and April 2010.

Results: Seizure attack was the initial symptom among 40 of the 44 patients.

[Diagnosis and treatment of cystic meningioma].

Objective: To explore the pathogenetic mechanism of cystic meningioma and the key to its diagnosis and operation.

Methods: Clinical data of 8 patients with cystic meningioma were analyzed retrospectively. The occuring position and cure rate of cystic meningioma were compared with those of solid meningioma in the corresponding period.

[Surgical outcomes of pediatric symptomatic epilepsy and their influencing factors].

Objective: To investigate the surgical outcomes of pediatric symptomatic epilepsy and the influencing factors for postoperative outcomes.

Methods: A cohort of 48 children with symptomatic epilepsy received surgical treatment from October 2004 to September 2008. The surgical outcomes were followed up.

[Expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma in human pituitary adenomas and its correlation to tumor invasiveness].

Background & Objective: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) is a nuclear transcription factor. Its ligant can inhibit proliferation and enhance differentiation of tumor cells, which plays crucial roles in metastasis and invasion of tumors. This study was to investigate the expression of PPARgamma in human pituitary adenomas and its clinical significance.

[Electrocorticography monitoring in microsurgical treatment of solitary cavernous angiomas].

Objective: To investigate the curative effect of electrocorticography (ECoG) monitoring in the microsurgical treatment of cavernous angiomas.

Methods: Clinical data of 71 patients with epileptogenic cavernous angiomas,who had been performed ECoG monitoring during the operation,were analyzed retrospectively.

Results: The foci of cavernous angiomas and epilepsy of the 71 patients were resected during the operation.

Expression of galectin-3 correlates with apoptosis in pituitary adenoma cells.

Objective: To investigate the expressions of Galectin-3 (Gal-3), Bcl-2 and Bax in human pituitary adenomas, and to explore the interrelation among them.

Methods: RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were applied to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of Gal-3, Bcl-2 and Bax in surgically excised human pituitary adenoma tissues, including invasive and non-invasive pituitary adenomas, and the correlation analysis was performed.

Results: The Gal-3 and Bcl-2 expressions in the invasive pituitary group were significantly higher than those in the non-invasive group, and the expression of Bax had no significant difference between the two groups.

[Effect of different tidal volume ventilations on atelectasis in patients during general anesthesia by CT scan].

Objective: To investigate the effect of different tidal volume ventilations on the amount of atelectasis during general anesthesia.

Methods: Twenty adults, ASA physical status I and status II patients, who were scheduled for elective excision of intracranial lesion were randomly divided into 2 groups: Group TV (traditional tidal volume ventilation, 10 mL/kg) and Group LV (low tidal volume ventilation, 6 mL/kg). Atelectasis, as determined by CT and artery blood gas (ABG) analysis, was measured before the anesthesia, after the tracheal intubation, and at the end of the operation, respectively.

Expression and structure of interleukin 4 receptor (IL-4R) complex in human invasive pituitary adenomas.

Pituitary adenomas are frequently invasive of surrounding tissues, which adversely affects the surgical outcome and the disease-free survival of patients. In the present study, Interleukin 4 receptor (IL-4R) complex has been investigated to figure out whether the three subunits are overexpressed in human invasive pituitary adenomas. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis for interleukin 4 receptor alpha (IL-4Ralpha), interleukin 13 receptor alpha1 (IL-13Ralpha1), interleukin 2 receptor gammac (IL-2Rgammac) were performed on total RNA extracted from 10 non-invasive pituitary adenomas, 30 invasive pituitary adenomas, one glioblastoma multiforme, one normal human pituitary tissue sample and one normal human brain tissue sample.

[Gamma knife treatment for pituitary prolactinomas].

Objective: To evaluate the outcome of gamma knife for prolactinomas.

Methods: Eighty-nine patients were treated by gamma knife and 51 were followed up. The dose to the tumor margin ranged from 18 Gy to 35 Gy (mean 26.

[Detection and clinical significance of urinary epidermal growth factor in brain tumor patients].

Objective: To investigate the clinical significance of urinary epidermal growth factor (EGF) in patients with brain tumors.

Methods: The levels of EGF in urine samples collected from 20 patients (9 low grade astrocytomas, 6 anaplastic astrocytomas, and 5 meningiomas) and 5 healthy individuals were determined. EGF levels were measured by radioimmunoassay technique.

[Gamma knife treatment for pituitary adenomas].

Objective: To evaluate the function and effect of Gamma knife radiosurgery (GKR) in controlling the tumor growth and improving endocrinological abnormality of pituitary adenomas.

Methods: Two hundred and twenty-eight cases of pituitary adenoma were treated with Leksell Gamma knife. 1.