Oxygen-producing and pH-responsive targeted DNA nanoflowers for enhanced chemo-sonodynamic therapy of lung cancer.

Lung cancer is the deadliest kind of cancer in the world, and the hypoxic tumor microenvironment can significantly lower the sensitivity of chemotherapeutic drugs and limit the efficacy of different therapeutic approaches. In order to overcome these problems, we have designed a drug-loaded targeted DNA nanoflowers encoding AS1411 aptamer and encapsulating chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin and oxygen-producing drug horseradish peroxidase (DOX/HRP-DFs). These nanoflowers can release drugs in response to acidic tumor microenvironment and alleviate tumor tissue hypoxia, enhancing the therapeutic effects of chemotherapy synergistic with sonodynamic therapy.

Mucus-Permeable Sonodynamic Therapy Mediated Amphotericin B-Loaded PEGylated PLGA Nanoparticles Enable Eradication of Biofilm.

Background: () forms pathogenic biofilms, and the dense mucus layer secreted by the epithelium is a major barrier to the traditional antibiotic treatment of mucosa-associated infections. Herein, we report a novel anti-biofilm strategy of mucus-permeable sonodynamic therapy (mp-SDT) based on ultrasound (US)-mediated amphotericin B-loaded PEGylated PLGA nanoparticles (AmB-NPs) to overcome mucus barrier and enable the eradication of biofilm.

Methods: AmB-NPs were fabricated using ultrasonic double emulsion method, and their physicochemical and sonodynamic properties were determined.

An Oxygen Supply Strategy for Sonodynamic Therapy in Tuberculous Granuloma Lesions Using a Catalase-Loaded Nanoplatform.

Purpose: Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic disease caused by () that remains a major global health challenge. One of the main obstacles to effective treatment is the heterogeneous microenvironment of TB granulomas. This study aimed to investigate the potential of a hypoxic remission-based strategy to enhance the outcome of tuberculosis treatment when implemented in combination with ultrasound.

Experimental study of HIFU incomplete ablation on the damage effect and prognosis of rabbit VX2 breast cancer model.

Purpose: High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) represents an emerging noninvasive modality for tumor treatment. While biological responses and immunological change associated with incomplete ablation have not been thoroughly investigated. This study aims to evaluate the damage effect of HIFU incomplete ablation establishing animal model and further explore its possible mechanism to inhibit tumor growth.

Synergistic antibacterial effects of ultrasound combined nanoparticles encapsulated with cellulase and levofloxacin on biofilms.

Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease, the treatment of which is challenging due to the formation of cellulose-containing biofilms by (MTB). Herein, a composite nanoparticle loaded with cellulase (CL) and levofloxacin (LEV) (CL@LEV-NPs) was fabricated and then combined with ultrasound (US) irradiation to promote chemotherapy and sonodynamic antimicrobial effects on bacteria (BCG, a mode of MTB) biofilms. The CL@LEV-NPs containing polylactic acid-glycolic acid (PLGA) as the shell and CL and LEV as the core were encapsulated double ultrasonic emulsification.

Low intensity ultrasound-mediated drug-loaded nanoparticles intravaginal drug delivery: an effective synergistic therapy scheme for treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis.

Purpose: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a mucosal infection of the female lower genital tract for which treatment using conventional antifungal drugs shows limited effectiveness. Herein, amphotericin B-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-polyethylene glycol (PLGA-PEG) nanoparticles (AmB-NPs) were fabricated and combined with low intensity ultrasound (US) to mediate AmB-NPs intravaginal drug delivery to achieve productive synergistic antifungal activity in a rabbit model of VVC.

Methods: Polymeric AmB-NPs were fabricated by a double emulsion method and the physical characteristics and biosafety of nanoparticles were analyzed.

Multifunctional Theranostic Nanoparticles for Enhanced Tumor Targeted Imaging and Synergistic FUS/Chemotherapy on Murine 4T1 Breast Cancer Cell.

Purpose: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is challenging for effective remission due to its very aggressive, extremely metastatic and resistant to conventional chemotherapy. Herein, a multifunctional theranostic nanoparticle was fabricated to enhance tumor targeted imaging and promote focused ultrasound (FUS) ablation and chemotherapy and sonodynamic therapy (SDT). A multi-modal synergistic therapy can improve the therapeutic efficacy and prognosis of TNBC.

Diagnosis and Etiological Analysis of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease by Gastric Filling Ultrasound and GerdQ Scale.

Objective: To investigate the diagnosis and etiological analysis of GERD by gastric filling ultrasound and GerdQ scale.

Methods: The clinical data of 100 suspected GERD patients were selected for retrospective analysis. The selection time was from June 2016 to June 2019.

Levofloxacin-Loaded Nanosonosensitizer as a Highly Efficient Therapy for Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Infections Based on Bacteria-Specific Labeling and Sonotheranostic Strategy.

Purpose: The rapid emergence of multidrug-resistant () poses a significant challenge to the treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Sonodynamic antibacterial chemotherapy (SACT) combined with sonosensitizer-loaded nanoparticles with targeted therapeutic function is highly expected to eliminate bacteria without fear of drug resistance. This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial effect and underlying mechanism of levofloxacin-loaded nanosonosensitizer with targeted therapeutic function against bacteria (, an model).

The Clinicians' Satisfaction with Clinical Pathway Implementation: Preliminary Development of an Assessment Scale in China.

Purpose: To develop a satisfaction scale of Chinese clinicians with Clinical Pathway (CP) implementation and evaluate its validity, reliability and item discrimination.

Materials And Methods: Literature review, in-person interviews, and Delphi were used to design the scale. Data were collected in two phases using random sampling on the spot and an online survey.

The enhancing antifungal effect of AD1 aptamer-functionalized amphotericin B-loaded PLGA-PEG nanoparticles with a low-frequency and low-intensity ultrasound exposure on C.albicans biofilm through targeted effect.

The prevalence and fatality rates with fungal biofilm-associated infections urgently need to develop targeted therapeutic approaches to augment the action of antifungal drugs. This study developed amphotericin B-loaded PLGA-PEG nanoparticles (AmB-NPs) with AD1 aptamer conjugation on its surface via an EDC/NHS technique. Their high nuclease resistance of the conjugation was confirmed by PAGE gel electrophoresis.

A synergistic bactericidal effect of low-frequency and low-intensity ultrasound combined with levofloxacin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles on M. smegmatis in macrophages.

Purpose: Tuberculosis (TB) is a highly infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), which often parasites in macrophages. This study is performed to investigate the bactericidal effect and underlying mechanisms of low-frequency and low-intensity ultrasound (LFLIU) combined with levofloxacin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles (LEV-NPs) on M. smegmatis (a surrogate of Mtb) in macrophages.

Multiparameter prediction control of in vitro drug delivery into mycobacterium smegmatis induced by microbubble-enhanced sonoporation.

The antibacterial method induced by microbubble-enhanced sonoporation has shown its great potential in facilitating drug delivery into thallus. The enhanced drug delivery induced by microbubble-enhanced sonoporation is a complex event which can be affected by various physical parameters. How to determine the correlation between experimental parameters and the drug delivery efficiency to give the instruction on reasonably choosing the parameters and achieve the control of drug delivery efficiency is impeding further investigations for this complex biophysical process.

Bactericidal effects of high intensity focused ultrasound on Bacillus Calmette-Guerin and .

The objective of this study was to investigate the bactericidal effects of high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) on Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG, a substitute for ) and and to explore the underlying mechanisms. HIFU, at a fixed frequency of 1 MHz, was applied to both BCG culture suspensions and subcutaneous BCG abscesses in rats. HIFU irradiation significantly reduced the bacterial survival rate and caused temperature elevations both and .

Ultrasonic exposure parameters screening in permeability of mycobacterium smegmatis cytoderm induced by cavitation based on artificial neural network identification.

The low intensity ultrasound has been adopted by researchers to enhance the bactericidal effect against bacteria in vitro and in vivo. Although the mechanism is not completely understood, one dominant opinion is that the permeability increases because of acoustic cavitation. However, the relationship between ultrasonic exposure parameters and cavitation effects is not definitely addressed.

Effects of low-intensity and low-frequency ultrasound combined with tobramycin on biofilms of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) Escherichia coli.

Low-intensity and low-frequency ultrasound (LILFU) can enhance the bactericidal action of antibiotics against various sensitive bacterial species. The current study investigated the effects of LILFU combined with tobramycin on extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) Escherichia coli biofilms (a multi-drug resistant bacteria). The biofilms of ESBLs E.

Synergistic Antifungal Effect of Amphotericin B-Loaded Poly(Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid) Nanoparticles and Ultrasound against Candida albicans Biofilms.

is a human opportunistic pathogen that causes superficial and life-threatening infections. An important reason for the failure of current antifungal drugs is related to biofilm formation, mostly associated with implanted medical devices. The present study investigated the synergistic antifungal efficacy of low-frequency and low-intensity ultrasound combined with amphotericin B (AmB)-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (AmB-NPs) against biofilms.

The synergistic fungicidal effect of low-frequency and low-intensity ultrasound with amphotericin B-loaded nanoparticles on C. albicans in vitro.

It is difficult to effectively eradicate C. albicans using traditional antifungal agents, mainly because the low permeability of the C. albicans cell wall creates strong drug resistance.

A SNP panel and online tool for checking genotype concordance through comparing QR codes.

In the current precision medicine era, more and more samples get genotyped and sequenced. Both researchers and commercial companies expend significant time and resources to reduce the error rate. However, it has been reported that there is a sample mix-up rate of between 0.

Experimental study on the influence of low-frequency and low-intensity ultrasound on the permeability of the Mycobacterium smegmatis cytoderm and potentiation with levofloxacin.

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium M. tuberculosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the bactericidal effect and underlying mechanisms of low-frequency and low-intensity ultrasound combined with levofloxacin treatment against M.

Damage Effects on Bacille Calmette-Guérin by Low-Frequency, Low-Intensity Ultrasound: A Pilot Study.

Objectives: To perform an in vitro experimental study of the possible damage effects on Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) by low-frequency (42-kHz) ultrasound (US) irradiation at low spatially and temporally averaged intensities and different exposure times.

Methods: A 2-mL BCG suspension was added to the wells of a 24-well cell culture plate. Then the samples were randomly divided into 4 groups, each group including 3 wells, with group 1 as a control group and groups 2, 3, and 4, as US treatment groups.

A study of laparoscopic extraperitoneal sigmoid colostomy after abdomino-perineal resection for rectal cancer.

Objective: To established a procedure for laparoscopic extraperitoneal ostomy after abdomino-perineal resection (APR) and study safety aspects and complications.

Method: From July 2011 to July 2012, 36 patients with low rectal cancer undergoing APR were included in the study and divided into extraperitoneal ostomy group (n = 18) and intraperitoneal ostomy group (n = 18). Short- and long-term complications were compared between the two groups.

Smooth muscle enfoldment internal sphincter construction after intersphincteric resection for rectal cancer.

Objective: To assess smooth muscle enfoldment and internal sphincter construction (SMESC) for improvement of continence after intersphincteric resection (ISR) for rectal cancer.

Methods: Twenty-four Bama miniature pigs were randomly divided into a conventional ISR group and experimental SMESC group, with 12 pigs in each group. The proximal sigmoid colon was anastomosed directly to the anus in the ISR group.

[Manufacture and application of laparoscopic extraperitoneal sigmoid colostomy].

Objective: To investigate the safety and feasibility of laparoscopic extraperitoneal sigmoid colostomy.

Methods: Thirty-six patients with low rectal cancer undergoing laproscopic abdominoperineal resection from July 2011 to July 2012 were prospectively enrolled in the study and randomly divided into extraperitoneal colostomy group(EPC, n=18) and internal peritoneal colostomy group(IPC, n=18). Follow-up period was 4-16 (median, 7) months and postoperative complications were compared between two groups.

Focused-ultrasound termination of an early pregnancy in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta): a pilot study.

We explored the effectiveness, safety, and feasibility of focused ultrasound in terminating undesired pregnancy. A high-intensity focused ultrasound therapeutic unit was employed to terminate early pregnancies in rhesus macaques. B-mode ultrasound incorporated within the system was used to locate and study the gestational sacs of 6 rhesus macaques with gestation ages of 37 to 66 days, and varying modes of ultrasound exposure were adopted in the termination of the early pregnancies of the rhesus macaques.