Cavity Manipulation of Attosecond Charge Migration in Conjugated Dendrimers.

Dendrimers are branched polymers with wide applications to photosensitization, photocatalysis, photodynamic therapy, photovoltaic conversion, and light sensor amplification. The primary step of numerous photophysical and photochemical processes in many molecules involves ultrafast coherent electronic dynamics and charge oscillations triggered by photoexcitation. This electronic wavepacket motion at short times where the nuclei are frozen is known as attosecond charge migration.

A Novel Automated Aspiration of Subretinal Fluid Method During Scleral Buckling For Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment.

Purpose: The goal of the study is to introduce a modified technique for the removal of subretinal fluid during scntleral buckling (SB) to treat rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).

Methods: This case series study was comprised of 18 cases of RRD patients suffering from a novel automated aspiration of subretinal fluid method during SB. The cases took place from July 2023 to November 2023 at the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC.

Chemical bond reorganization in intramolecular proton transfer revealed by ultrafast X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

Time-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (TR-XPS) is used in a simulation study to monitor the excited state intramolecular proton transfer between oxygen and nitrogen atoms in 2-(iminomethyl)phenol. Real-time monitoring of the chemical bond breaking and forming processes is obtained through the time evolution of excited-state chemical shifts. By employing individual atomic probes of the proton donor and acceptor atoms, we predict distinct signals with opposite chemical shifts of the donor and acceptor groups during proton transfer.

Evaluation of anterior chamber morphology following scleral buckling with Pentacam.

Purpose: To evaluate anterior segment parameter changes following scleral buckling (SB) surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) using the Pentacam Scheimpflug system.

Methods: Twenty-eight phakic eyes of 28 patients who underwent SB surgery for RDD were included. The anterior chamber volume (ACV), central anterior chamber depth (CACD), mean anterior chamber angle (ACA) and ACA in a specific position (buckle quadrant), and central corneal thickness (CCT) were evaluated preoperatively and at 1 day, 1 week, and 1 and 3 months postoperatively by an anterior Pentacam Scheimpflug method.

Cavity Control of Molecular Spectroscopy and Photophysics.

ConspectusOptical cavities have been established as a powerful platform for manipulating the spectroscopy and photophysics of molecules. Molecules placed inside an optical cavity will interact with the cavity field, even if the cavity is in the vacuum state with no photons. When the coupling strength between matter excitations, either electronic or vibrational, and a cavity photon mode surpasses all decay rates in the system, hybrid light-matter excitations known as cavity polaritons emerge.

Manipulating Attosecond Charge Migration in Molecules by Optical Cavities.

The ultrafast electronic charge dynamics in molecules upon photoionization while the nuclear motions are frozen is known as charge migration. In a theoretical study of the quantum dynamics of photoionized 5-bromo-1-pentene, we show that the charge migration process can be induced and enhanced by placing the molecule in an optical cavity, and can be monitored by time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. The collective nature of the polaritonic charge migration process is investigated.

Symmetry Dilemma of Doubly Hybrid Density Functionals for Equilibrium Molecular Property Calculations.

In electronic structure theory, when an approximate wavefunction tends to artifactually break the symmetry of the exact Hamiltonian, the corresponding method is referred to as having a "symmetry dilemma" problem. Such types of artifacts were often reported when Hartree-Fock (HF) and the low-level post-HF methods were used, while the traditional Kohn-Sham density functional theory (KS-DFT) methods were usually found to be more resistant to this breakdown. In this work, we present a systematic study on the reliability of the doubly hybrid (DH) DFT methods for several violable cases.

Second-Order Analytic Derivatives for XYG3 Type of Doubly Hybrid Density Functionals: Theory, Implementation, and Application to Harmonic and Anharmonic Vibrational Frequency Calculations.

Analytic derivative methods in quantum chemistry are powerful tools for the calculation of molecular properties and simulation of chemical systems. While the derivatives of the well-established B2PLYP type of doubly hybrid (DH) density functionals can be generated by a straightforward combination between the Kohn-Sham density functional and the second-order perturbation theory (PT2), both of these two contributions have to be considered nonvariationally for the XYG3 type of DH functionals (xDHs). A total Lagrangian that includes both parts is therefore needed for the corresponding Z-vector equations for the first-order derivatives of xDHs.

Electrophysiological characterization of photoreceptor-like cells in human inducible pluripotent stem cell-derived retinal organoids during in vitro maturation.

Retinal organoids (ROs) derived from human inducible pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) exhibit considerable therapeutic potential. However, current quality control of ROs during in vitro differentiation is largely limited to the detection of molecular markers, often by immunostaining, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays and sequencing, often without proper functional assessments. As such, in the current study, we systemically characterized the physiological maturation of photoreceptor-like cells in hiPSC-derived ROs.

Generation of nonhuman primate retinitis pigmentosa model by in situ knockout of RHO in rhesus macaque retina.

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a form of inherited retinal degenerative diseases that ultimately involves the macula, which is present in primates but not in the rodents. Therefore, creating nonhuman primate (NHP) models of RP is of critical importance to study its mechanism of pathogenesis and to evaluate potential therapeutic options in the future. Here we applied adeno-associated virus (AAV)-delivered CRISPR/SaCas9 technology to knockout the RHO gene in the retinae of the adult rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) to investigate the hypothesis whether non-germline mutation of the RHO gene is sufficient to recapitulate RP.

A correlation-relaxation-balanced direct method at the second order perturbation theory for accurate ionization potential predictions.

The development of a quasi-particle approach for an accurate yet efficient prediction of a complete ionization potential (IP) spectrum, from valence down to core electrons for the system of interest, is a long-cherished goal in quantum chemistry. Based on the physical understanding of the electron correlation and relaxation effects at the second order perturbation theory, we present here a correlation-relaxation-balanced direct method, dubbed CRB-MP2, via a parameter scaled scheme of the 2ph (two-particle, one-hole summation) and 2hp (two-hole, one-particle summation) terms. With almost no extra computational cost after a normal MP2 procedure, the CRB-MP2 method yields high quality valence and core IPs for a wide range of species.

LncRNA KCNQ1OT1 knockdown inhibits viability, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human lens epithelial cells via miR-26a-5p/ITGAV/TGF-beta/Smad3 axis.

Background: Long noncoding RNA potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 1 opposite strand/antisense transcript 1 (KCNQ1OT1) takes part in diabetic cataract progression. This research aims to analyze the function and mechanism of KCNQ1OT1 on viability, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in lens epithelial cells.

Methods: 20 diabetic cataract posterior lens capsule tissues and normal samples were collected.

Extended Koopmans' theorem in the adiabatic connection formalism: Applied to doubly hybrid density functionals.

A rigorous framework that combines the extended Koopmans' theorem (EKT) with the adiabatic connection (AC) formalism of density functional theory is developed here, namely, EKT-AC, to calculate the vertical ionization potentials (IPs) of molecular systems. When applied to the doubly hybrid density functional approximations (DH-DFAs), the EKT-DH approach is established for the B2PLYP-type DHs with one-parameter and two-parameters, as well as the XYG3-type DHs. Based on EKT-DH, an approximation of the KT type is introduced, leading to the KT-DH approach.

Extended Koopmans' theorem at the second-order perturbation theory.

The extended Koopmans' theorem (EKT), when combined with the second-order Møller-Plesset (MP2) perturbation theory through the relaxed density matrix approach [J. Cioslowski, P. Piskorz, and G.

Retinal break associated with traumatic lens dislocation or subluxation requiring vitrectomy.

Background: Both ectopia lentis and retinal injury are common results of blunt ocular trauma. Here, we investigated the incidence and characteristics of retinal breaks associated with ectopia lentis caused by blunt ocular trauma.

Methods: Patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy to treat traumatic lens subluxation and dislocation were retrospectively reviewed.

Altered Expression Profile of Circular RNAs in the Serum of Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy Revealed by Microarray.

Purpose: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of blindness among working age adults. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a kind of noncoding RNAs that are involved in the development of some diseases. Here, we aimed to determine the possible role of circRNAs in the pathogenesis of DR by determining the expression profile of circRNAs in the serum of DR patients.

Risk factors of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment associated with choroidal detachment in Chinese patients.

Aim: To comprehensively analyze the risk factors of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) associated with choroidal detachment (CD).

Methods: A total of 265 eyes of 265 consecutive cases of RRD were retrospectively analyzed. All patients had systemic and ophthalmologic examination.

Silencing Matrix Metalloproteinases 9 and 2 Inhibits Human Retinal Microvascular Endothelial Cell Invasion and Migration.

Purpose: Proliferative retinal angiogenesis may severely impair the retina. Previous studies have indicated that matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 play important roles in the process of retinal angiogenesis. In this study, we suppressed MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression with RNA interference (RNAi) and then observed the inhibitory effects on the invasion and migration of human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs).

[Supracapsular implantation with optic capture of posterior chamber intraocular lens in aphakic school-age children after traumatic cataract].

Objective: To assess the clinical effects of supracapsular implantation with optic capture of the posterior chamber intraocular lens in school-age children with traumatic cataract.

Method: It was a retrospective case series study. Thirteen cases (13 eyes) received posterior curvilinear capsulorhexis with optic capture of the posterior chamber intraocular lens.

A naturally-occurring mutation in Cacna1f in a rat model of congenital stationary night blindness.

Purpose: To identify the gene mutation responsible for a previously described rat model of X-linked congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB).

Methods: Rat orthologous genes for Nyx and Cacna1f were isolated from retina through rapid amplification the cDNA ends (RACE) and examined for mutations. Electroretinograms were used to identify affected animals.

A potential spontaneous rat model of X-linked congenital stationary night blindness.

Purpose: To describe a possible spontaneous rat model of X-linked congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB).

Methods: Experimental animals were generated by mating the affected animal to normal rats, and from interbreeding littermates. To define the inheritance pattern, full-field electroretinograms (ERGs) were recorded from all progeny.