Multiple Sources of Infection and Potential Endemic Characteristics of the Large Outbreak of Dengue in Guangdong in 2014.

A large outbreak of dengue, with the most documented cases, occurred in Guangdong China in 2014. Epidemiological studies and phylogenetic analysis of the isolated dengue virus (DENV) showed this outbreak was attributed to multiple sources and caused by at least two genotypes of DENV-1 (Genotypes I and III) and two genotypes of DENV-2 (Cosmopolitan and Asian I Genotypes). A retrospective review and phylogenetic analysis of DENV isolated in Guangdong showed that DENV-1 Genotype I strains were reported continuously during 2004-2014, Genotype III strains were reported during 2009-2014 ; DENV-2 Cosmopolitan and Asian I Genotype strains were reported continuously during 2012-2014.

[Berberine inhibited apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells induced by Staphylocoocus aureus: an experimental research].

Objective: To study the inhibition of berberine (BBR) against ECV-304 apoptosis induced by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus).

Methods: ECV-304 cells were pre-treated with 128 microg/mL BBR for 2 h and then S.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of subcutaneous injection and intravenous infusion of recombinant human interleukin-12 and recombinant human interleukin-12 combined with hepatitis B surface antigen in cynomolgus monkeys.

Background/aims: Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a cytokine that plays an important role in cell-mediated immunity and shows great potential as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of tumors and infectious diseases.

Methods: We investigated the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics of recombinant human IL-12 (rhIL-12) and rhIL-12 combined with hepatitis B surface antigen (HB(s)Ag) after administration by subcutaneous (s.c.