Cross-ancestry genome-wide association study and systems-level integrative analyses implicate new risk genes and therapeutic targets for depression.

Deciphering the genetic architecture of depression is pivotal for characterizing the associated pathophysiological processes and development of new therapeutics. Here we conducted a cross-ancestry genome-wide meta-analysis on depression (416,437 cases and 1,308,758 controls) and identified 287 risk loci, of which 49 are new. Variant-level fine mapping prioritized potential causal variants and functional genomic analysis identified variants that regulate the binding of transcription factors.

Distinguished multimodal imaging features affected by COVID-19 in major depressive disorder patients.

Objectives: Growing attention has been directed toward the structural and functional alterations among individuals infected with COVID-19. However, data on its impact on patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) remain limited.

Methods: This study investigates the effects of COVID-19 on patients with MDD and healthy controls (HCs) using MRI scans.

Celiac Disease, Gluten-Free Diet, and Eating Disorders: From Bench to Bedside.

Celiac disease (CD) and eating disorders (EDs) are complex chronic conditions in adolescents, sharing symptoms such as weight change, malnutrition, and gastrointestinal symptoms. CD, an autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten ingestion, is managed through a strict gluten-free diet that can unintentionally foster disordered eating behaviors due to dietary restrictions. Conversely, EDs may mask and complicate CD symptoms, leading to diagnostic delays and treatment challenges.

Gene-level analysis reveals the genetic aetiology and therapeutic targets of schizophrenia.

Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have reported multiple risk loci for schizophrenia (SCZ). However, the majority of the associations were from populations of European ancestry. Here we conducted a large-scale GWAS in Eastern Asian populations (29,519 cases and 44,392 controls) and identified ten Eastern Asian-specific risk loci, two of which have not been previously reported.

Association between polygenic risk scores combined with clinical characteristics and antidepressant efficacy.

Background: While millions of people suffer from major depressive disorder (MDD), research has shown that individual differences in antidepressant efficacy exist, potentially attributable to various factors. Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) carry clinical potential, but associations with treatment response are seldom reported. Here, we examined whether PRSs for MDD and schizophrenia (SCZ) are associated with antidepressant effectiveness and the influence of other factors.

Optimizing the individual dosing of paroxetine in major depressive disorder with therapeutic drug monitoring.

Introduction: Previous studies have examined the correlation between paroxetine concentrations and therapeutic efficacy in patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD), but findings have been contradictory.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the relationships among plasma concentrations, severity of symptoms, and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to optimize individual dosing.

Methods: Eighty-seven MDD patients, after completing treatment with paroxetine, were divided into low-concentration (LC,  = 38), medium-concentration (MC,  = 27), and high-concentration (HC,  = 22) groups, based on cutoff value concentrations with the 50% response rate and the laboratory alert level from the 2017 consensus guidelines for therapeutic drug monitoring in neuropsychopharmacology.

Intranasal Delivery of circATF7IP siRNA via Lipid Nanoparticles Alleviates LPS-induced Depressive-Like Behaviors.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent mental disorder that significantly impacts social and psychological function, but no effective medication is currently available. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been reported to participate in the pathogenesis of MDD which are envisioned as promising therapeutic targets. However, nonviral-based delivery strategies targeting circRNA against MDD are not thoroughly investigated.

Multi-Scale Spatial-Temporal Attention Networks for Functional Connectome Classification.

Many neuropsychiatric disorders are considered to be associated with abnormalities in the functional connectivity networks of the brain. The research on the classification of functional connectivity can therefore provide new perspectives for understanding the pathology of disorders and contribute to early diagnosis and treatment. Functional connectivity exhibits a nature of dynamically changing over time, however, the majority of existing methods are unable to collectively reveal the spatial topology and time-varying characteristics.

Transcriptomic decoding of regional cortical vulnerability to major depressive disorder.

Previous studies in small samples have identified inconsistent cortical abnormalities in major depressive disorder (MDD). Despite genetic influences on MDD and the brain, it is unclear how genetic risk for MDD is translated into spatially patterned cortical vulnerability. Here, we initially examined voxel-wise differences in cortical function and structure using the largest multi-modal MRI data from 1660 MDD patients and 1341 controls.

Abnormal insula network characteristics in panic disorder.

Objective: Panic disorder (PD) is a common disabling condition characterized by recurrent panic attacks. Emotional and behavioral impairments are associated with functional connectivity (FC) and network abnormalities. We used whole-brain FC, modular networks, and graph-theory analysis to investigate extensive network profiles in PD.

Distinguishing bipolar depression, bipolar mania, and major depressive disorder by gut microbial characteristics.

Background: Gut microbial disturbance has been widely confirmed in mood disorders. However, little is known about whether gut microbial characteristics can distinguish major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar depression (BP-D), and bipolar mania (BP-M).

Methods: This was a prospective case-control study.

Current State of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry in China and Future Directions.

This article provides an overview of the history and current status of consultation-liaison psychiatry (CLP) in China and its development within the Chinese Society of Psychosomatic Medicine. Over the past decade, various CLP practice models have been developed to meet the diverse needs of different regions in China. Notably, the Chinese Multidisciplinary Integrated Centers of Psychosomatic Medicine have been established as regional hubs throughout the country.

Childhood abuse influences clinical features of major depressive disorder by modulating the functional network of the right amygdala subregions.

Childhood trauma and the amygdala play essential roles in major depressive disorder (MDD) mechanisms. However, the neurobiological mechanism among them remains unclear. Therefore, we explored the relationship among the amygdala subregion's abnormal functional connectivity (FC), clinical features, and childhood trauma in MDD.

Suppression of wavelength-dependent polarization fading using hybrid-polarization scheme in OFDR.

What we believe to be a new hybrid-polarization diversity scheme which can eliminate the polarization state variation caused by wavelength tuning of laser in optical frequency domain reflectometry is proposed in the paper. In the scheme, a 45° polarizer is used to maintain the polarization of signals. It decreases the polarization angle fluctuation to 2.

Psychological stress-induced microbial metabolite indole-3-acetate disrupts intestinal cell lineage commitment.

The brain and gut are intricately connected and respond to various stimuli. Stress-induced brain-gut communication is implicated in the pathogenesis and relapse of gut disorders. The mechanism that relays psychological stress to the intestinal epithelium, resulting in maladaptation, remains poorly understood.

A Gpr35-tuned gut microbe-brain metabolic axis regulates depressive-like behavior.

Gene-environment interactions shape behavior and susceptibility to depression. However, little is known about the signaling pathways integrating genetic and environmental inputs to impact neurobehavioral outcomes. We report that gut G-protein-coupled receptor, Gpr35, engages a microbe-to-brain metabolic pathway to modulate neuronal plasticity and depressive behavior in mice.

The Interaction of LAMA2 and Duration of Illness Affects the Thickness of the Right Transverse Temporal Gyrus in Major Depressive Disorder.

Background: Depression is a heritable brain disorder. Laminin genes were recently identified to affect the brain's overall thickness through neurogenesis, differentiation, and migration in depression. This study aims to explore the effects of the LAMA2's single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), a subunit gene of laminin, on the detected brain regions of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).

Identification and discovery of imaging genetic patterns using fusion self-expressive network in major depressive disorder.

Introduction: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent mental illness, with severe symptoms that can significantly impair daily routines, social interactions, and professional pursuits. Recently, imaging genetics has received considerable attention for understanding the pathogenesis of human brain disorders. However, identifying and discovering the imaging genetic patterns between genetic variations, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and brain imaging data still present an arduous challenge.