A comparative study of autogenous, allograft and artificial bone substitutes on bone regeneration and immunotoxicity in rat femur defect model.

Repair and reconstruction of large bone defect were often difficult, and bone substitute materials, including autogenous bone, allogenic bone and artificial bone, were common treatment strategies. The key to elucidate the clinical effect of these bone repair materials was to study their osteogenic capacity and immunotoxicological compatibility. In this paper, the mechanical properties, micro-CT imaging analysis, digital image analysis and histological slice analysis of the three bone grafts were investigated and compared after different time points of implantation in rat femur defect model.

Polarization Properties in Apertureless-Type Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscopy.

Polarization properties of apertureless-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (a-SNOM) were measured experimentally and were also analyzed using a finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation. Our study reveals that the polarization properties in the a-SNOM are maintained and the a-SNOM works as a wave plate expressed by a Jones matrix. The measured signals obtained by the lock-in detection technique could be decomposed into signals scattered from near-field region and background signals reflected by tip and sample.

Strong enhancement of nano-sized circularly polarized light using an aperture antenna with V-groove structures.

We present a new type of aperture antenna with V-groove structures that are made of Au to enhance strong circularly polarized light (CPL). Simulations using the finite element method revealed that strong CPL was enhanced within the aperture with a diameter of 10 nm. The intensity of the electric field was enhanced and was 22,700 times greater than that of the incident light.