The PbbHLH62/PbVHA-B1 module confers salt tolerance through modulating intracellular Na/K homeostasis and reactive oxygen species removal in pear.

The vacuolar H-ATPase (V-ATPase) is a multi-subunit membrane protein complex, which plays pivotal roles in building up an electrochemical H-gradient across tonoplast, energizing Na sequestration into the central vacuole, and enhancing salt stress tolerance in plants. In this study, a B subunit of V-ATPase gene, PbVHA-B1 was discovered and isolated from stress-induced P. betulaefolia combining with RT-PCR method.

Observation of terahertz plasmon and plasmon-polariton splitting in a grating-coupled AlGaN/GaN heterostructure.

Plasmon in two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) has long been considered as a promising active medium for terahertz emitters and detectors. However, the efficiency of terahertz plasmonic devices is severely limited by the high damping rate of plasma wave in solid state. In addition to the enhancement of plasmon lifetime by using 2DEGs with higher carrier mobility, engineering on the boundary condition and electromagnetic environment of plasmon cavity helps to preserve the plasmon states.