Bovine NMRAL2 Protein Blunts Nitric Oxide Production and Inflammatory Response in Infected Bovine Lung Epithelial Cells.

Tuberculosis (TB), primarily caused by () and (), remains the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent globally. Intracellular survival is crucial for their virulence; yet, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. This study aimed to demonstrate the significance of a previously unannotated bovine gene ENSBTAG00000011305 in intracellular survival.

Identification of Differential Circular RNA Expression Profiles and Functional Networks in Human Macrophages Induced by Virulent and Avirulent Strains.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are noncoding RNAs with diverse functions. However, most ()-related circRNAs remain undiscovered. In this study, we infected THP-1 cells with virulent and avirulent strains and then sequenced the cellular circRNAs.

Fatty Acyl-CoA Synthetase D33 Promotes Survival in Hostile Extracellular and Intracellular Microenvironments in the Host.

Tuberculosis, caused by (), remains a significant global health challenge. The survival of in hostile extracellular and intracellular microenvironments is crucial for its pathogenicity. In this study, we discovered a (BCG) mutant B1033 that potentially affected mycobacterium pathogenicity.

Soluble expression and purification of recombinant bovine ferritin H-chain.

Ferritin is a potential medicine delivery vehicle and vaccine platform, and its efficient expression is a prerequisite for widespread application. This study introduces a soluble expression strategy for recombinant bovine ferritin heavy chain (rFTH) in a prokaryotic system and an improved protein purification method. The amplified rFTH gene was ligated into the prokaryotic expression vector pET30a.

The miR-100-5p Targets SMARCA5 to Regulate the Apoptosis and Intracellular Survival of BCG in Infected THP-1 Cells.

() is the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB) that leads to millions of deaths each year. Extensive evidence has explored the involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in infection. Limitedly, the concrete function of microRNA-100-5p (miR-100-5p) in remains unexplored and largely elusive.

Rv0309 Dampens the Inflammatory Response and Enhances Mycobacterial Survival.

To reveal functions of novel () proteins responsible for modulating host innate immunity is essential to elucidation of mycobacterial pathogenesis. In this study, we aimed to identify the role of a putative protein Rv0309 encoded within RD8 of genome in inhibiting the host inflammatory response and the underlying mechanism, using and experiments. A recombinant strain Ms_rv0309 expressing Rv0309 and a mutant Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)ΔRS01790 strain with deletion of BCG_RS01790, 100% homologue of Rv0309 in BCG, were constructed.

An abattoir-based study on the prevalence of bovine tuberculosis from culled adult dairy cows in Wuhan, China.

Abattoir surveillance is an integral component of a bovine tuberculosis (bTB) eradication programme. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of bTB among culled adult dairy cows in Wuhan, China and to further assess two diagnostic procedures as an adjunct to the confirmation of M. bovis in animals with TB-like lesions.

Prevalence of bovine astroviruses and their genotypes in sampled Chinese calves with and without diarrhoea.

Bovine astrovirus (BoAstV) belongs to genus (MAstV). It can be detected in the faeces of both diarrhoeal and healthy calves. However, its prevalence, genetic diversity, and association with cattle diarrhoea are poorly understood.

MicroRNA-18b-5p Downregulation Favors Clearance in Macrophages via HIF-1α by Promoting an Inflammatory Response.

The modulation of the interaction between macrophages and () through microRNA during infection is increasingly capturing the attention of researchers. However, the potential role of microRNA-18b-5p (miR-18b) is not elucidated yet. In this study, miR-18b was found to be downregulated in -infected macrophage cell lines (THP-1 and RAW264.

An Abattoir-Based Study on the Prevalence of Fecal Carriage and ESBL Related Antimicrobial Resistance from Culled Adult Dairy Cows in Wuhan, China.

The objective of this study was to estimate the fecal carriage of spp. among culled adult dairy cows presented to an abattoir in Wuhan, China and to evaluate their antimicrobial resistance profiles. Rectal swabs from 138 culled cows were cultured.

Differential nitric oxide induced by Mycobacterium bovis and BCG leading to dendritic cells apoptosis in a caspase dependent manner.

Dendritic cells (DCs) are critical for both innate and adaptive immunity. Meanwhile, nitric oxide (NO) is a member of reactive nitrogen species (RNS) generally considered to play a key role in the bactericidal process in innate immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex infection. The present study therefore investigated the mechanism of NO production in murine DCs induced by Mycobacterium bovis (M.

YrbE3A Promotes Host Innate Immune Response by Targeting NF-κB/JNK Signaling.

is considered a successful pathogen with multiple strategies to undermine host immunity. The YrbE3A is encoded by Rv1964 within the RD15 region present in the genome of , but missing in , BCG (Pasteur) strain, and . (Ms).

Down-Regulation of miR-378d Increased Rab10 Expression to Help Clearance of in Macrophages.

() can survive in the hostile microenvironment of cells by escaping host surveillance, but the molecular mechanisms are far from being fully understood. MicroRNAs might be involved in regulation of this intracellular process. By RNAseq of -infected PMA-differentiated THP-1 macrophages, we previously discovered down-regulation of miR-378d during infection.

Upregulation of Cytokines and Differentiation of Th17 and Treg by Dendritic Cells: Central Role of Prostaglandin E2 Induced by .

() is a zoonotic pathogen that causes bovine and human tuberculosis. Dendritic cells play a critical role in initiating and regulating immune responses by promoting antigen-specific T-cell activation. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)-COX signaling is an important mediator of inflammation and immunity and might be involved in the pathogenesis of infection.

Indirubin Treatment of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Mastitis in a Mouse Model and Activity in Mouse Mammary Epithelial Cells.

Indirubin is a Chinese medicine extracted from indigo and known to be effective for treating chronic myelogenous leukemia, neoplasia, and inflammatory disease. This study evaluated the in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of indirubin in a lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced mouse mastitis model. The indirubin mechanism and targets were evaluated in vitro in mouse mammary epithelial cells.