Development of a Multiplex RT-PCR Detection for Six Viruses Infecting Strawberry.

Strawberry viruses are significant pathogenic agents in strawberry. The development and application of efficient virus detection technology can effectively reduce the economic losses incurred by virus diseases for strawberry cultivators. In order to rapidly identify strawberry virus species and prevent the spread of virus disease, a multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction system was established for the simultaneous detection and identification of strawberry mild yellow edge virus (SMYEV), strawberry vein banding virus (SVBV), strawberry mottle virus (SMoV), strawberry polerovirus 1 (SPV-1), strawberry pallidosis-associated virus (SPaV), and strawberry crinivirus 4 (SCrV-4).

Global characterization of somatic mutations and DNA methylation changes during vegetative propagation in strawberries.

Somatic mutations arise and accumulate during tissue culture and vegetative propagation, potentially affecting various traits in horticultural crops, but their characteristics are still unclear. Here, somatic mutations in regenerated woodland strawberry derived from tissue culture of shoot tips under different conditions and 12 cultivated strawberry individuals are analyzed by whole genome sequencing. The mutation frequency of single nucleotide variants is significantly increased with increased hormone levels or prolonged culture time in the range of 3.

Establishment of a Cas12a-Based Visual Detection Method Involving PMNT for the Species Complex.

Strawberry anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum spp., is a devastating disease that significantly reduces strawberry yield and quality. This study aimed to develop a simple diagnostic method to detect infection by the Colletotrichum gloeosporioides complex (CGSC), the most predominant and virulent Colletotrichum species complex causing strawberry anthracnose in China.

A deep learning model for translating CT to ventilation imaging: analysis of accuracy and impact on functional avoidance radiotherapy planning.

Purpose: Radiotherapy planning incorporating functional lung images has the potential to reduce pulmonary toxicity. Free-breathing 4DCT-derived ventilation image (CTVI) may help quantify lung function. This study introduces a novel deep-learning model directly translating planning CT images into CTVI.

Clinical evaluation of deep learning-based automatic clinical target volume segmentation: a single-institution multi-site tumor experience.

Purpose: The large variability in tumor appearance and shape makes manual delineation of the clinical target volume (CTV) time-consuming, and the results depend on the oncologists' experience. Whereas deep learning techniques have allowed oncologists to automate the CTV delineation, multi-site tumor analysis is often lacking in the literature. This study aimed to evaluate the deep learning models that automatically contour CTVs of tumors at various sites on computed tomography (CT) images from objective and subjective perspectives.

Conductive MOF on ZIF-Derived Carbon Fibers as Superior Anode in Sodium-Ion Battery.

Superior specific capacity, high-rate capability, and long-term cycling stability are essential to anode materials in sodium-ion batteries, and conductive metal-organic frameworks (cMOF) with good electronic and ionic conductivity may satisfy these requirements. Herein, conductive neodymium cMOF (Nd-cMOF) produced on the zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF)-derived carbon fiber (ZIF-CFs) platform is used to synthesize the Nd-cMOF/ZIF-CFs hierarchical structure. Four types of ZIFs with different pore diameters are prepared by electrospinning.

A Case-Control Study on Factors of HPV Vaccination for Mother and Daughter in China.

(1) Background: To explore the influencing factors of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among mothers and daughters so as to provide evidence and strategies for improving the HPV vaccination rate of 9-18-years-old girls. (2) A questionnaire survey was conducted among the mothers of 9-18-year-old girls from June to August 2022. The participants were divided into the mother and daughter vaccinated group (M1D1), the mother-only vaccinated group (M1D0), and the unvaccinated group (M0D0).

CT ventilation image-guided helical Tomotherapy at sparing functional lungs for locally advanced lung cancer: analysis of dose-function metrics and the impact on pulmonary toxicity.

Purpose: CT ventilation image (CTVI)-guided radiotherapy that selectively avoids irradiating highly-functional lung regions has potential to reduce pulmonary toxicity. Considering Helical TomoTherapy (HT) has higher modulation capabilities, we investigated the capability and characteristic of HT at sparing functional lungs for locally advanced lung cancer.

Methods And Materials: Pretreatment 4DCT scans were carried out for 17 patients.

Parallel processing of radiation measurements and radiation video optimization.

In this study, we propose a parallel processing method for analyzing video-image radiation-response signals and suppressing radiation noise. We studied the linear-representation law of various image-information components on the radiation dose rate. Subsequently, the simulation images were used to examine the response-signal extract and radiation-noise suppression.

HisT is a specific histamine transporter that contributes to histamine recycling in glia.

Histamine is an important monoamine neurotransmitter that regulates multiple physiological activities in both vertebrates and invertebrates. Clearance and recycling of histamine are critical for sustaining histaminergic transmission. However, unlike other monoamine neurotransmitters, a histamine-specific transporter capable of clearing histamine from the synaptic cleft has not been identified.

Impact of water deficiency on leaf cuticle lipids and gene expression networks in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.).

Background: Water deficit (WD) has serious effect on the productivity of crops. Formation of cuticular layer with increased content of wax and cutin on leaf surfaces is closely related to drought tolerance. Identification of drought tolerance associated wax components and cutin monomers and the genes responsible for their biosynthesis is essential for understanding the physiological and genetic mechanisms underlying drought tolerance and improving crop drought resistance.

Research on Calculation Method of Radiation Response Eigenvalue of a Single-Chip Active Pixel Sensor.

In this paper, we present a calculation method for the radiation response eigenvalue based on a monolithic active pixel sensor. By comparing the statistical eigenvalues of different regions of a pixel array in bright and dark environments, the linear relationship between the statistical eigenvalues obtained by different algorithms and the radiation dose rate was studied. Additionally, a dose rate characterization method based on the analysis of the eigenvalues of the MAPS response signal was proposed.

Deciphering the Molecular Signatures Associated With Resistance to in Strawberry Flower by Comparative and Dynamic Transcriptome Analysis.

Gray mold caused by , which is considered to be the second most destructive necrotrophic fungus, leads to major economic losses in strawberry ( × ) production. preferentially infects strawberry flowers and fruits, leading to flower blight and fruit rot. Compared with those of the fruit, the mechanisms of flower defense against remain largely unexplored.

Real-Time Monitoring Method for Radioactive Substances Using Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (MAPS).

This study presents a real-time monitoring technique for radioactive substances that meets safety management needs. We studied the accumulation characteristics of radiation response signals of monolithic active pixel sensors (MAPSs) based on their response and discrimination ability to gamma (γ) photon or neutron radiation. The radiation status of the radioactive substances was determined by monitoring the accumulation data of radiation responses.

Ultrawide-range radiation detection based on dynamic identification and analysis of the response of a monolithic active pixel sensor.

In this paper, we present an ultrawide-range radiation detection method based on dynamic recognition and analysis of the response signal of a monolithic active pixel sensor (MAPS). Our analysis of the MAPS response mechanism determined that adaptive adjustment of the sensor's integral time is key to quantification of ionizing radiation in an ultrawide range. We also determined that different data processing methods are required for accurate quantification of high and low radiation dose rates.

Strong Radiation Field Online Detection and Monitoring System with Camera.

Herein, we report the γ-ray ionizing radiation response of a commercial monolithic active-pixel sensor (MAPS) camera under strong-dose-rate irradiation with an online detection and monitoring system for strong radiation conditions. We present the first results of the distribution of three types of MAPS camera and establish a linear relationship between the average response signal and radiation dose rate in the strong-dose-rate range. There is an obvious response signal in the video frames when the camera module parameters are set to automatic, but the linear response is very poor.

Tadr is an axonal histidine transporter required for visual neurotransmission in .

Neurotransmitters are generated by de novo synthesis and are essential for sustained, high-frequency synaptic transmission. Histamine, a monoamine neurotransmitter, is synthesized through decarboxylation of histidine by histidine decarboxylase (Hdc). However, little is known about how histidine is presented to Hdc as a precursor.

Low dose rate γ-ray detection using a MAPS camera under a neutron radiation environment.

We present γ-ray radiation detection in a neutron radiation environment using a monolithic active pixel sensor (MAPS) camera without conversion or shielding layers. The measured output signal is the sum of the pedestal value, noise, and real radiation response signal. The sensor response shows that the MAPS camera is sensitive to neutrons and can capture a single photon.

RACK1 modulates polyglutamine-induced neurodegeneration by promoting ERK degradation in Drosophila.

Polyglutamine diseases are neurodegenerative diseases caused by the expansion of polyglutamine (polyQ) tracts within different proteins. Although multiple pathways have been found to modulate aggregation of the expanded polyQ proteins, the mechanisms by which polyQ tracts induced neuronal cell death remain unknown. We conducted a genome-wide genetic screen to identify genes that suppress polyQ-induced neurodegeneration when mutated.

Roles of PINK1 in regulation of systemic growth inhibition induced by mutations of PTEN in Drosophila.

The maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis requires PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1)-dependent mitophagy, and mutations in PINK1 are associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). PINK1 is also downregulated in tumor cells with PTEN mutations. However, there is limited information concerning the role of PINK1 in tissue growth and tumorigenesis.

Promotion of tomato growth by the volatiles produced by the hypovirulent strain QT5-19 of the plant gray mold fungus Botrytis cinerea.

Our previous study identified a hypovirulent strain QT5-19 of Botrytis cinerea, the causal agent of the plant gray mold disease, and found that QT5-19 can produce volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with high antifungal activity and high control efficacy against B. cinerea. However, impact of the QT5-19 VOCs on plant growth remains unknown.

Reproduction response of Colletotrichum fungi under the fungicide stress reveals new aspects of chemical control of fungal diseases.

Systemic fungicides and antifungals are used as frontline treatments for fungal diseases in plants and humans. It is generally accepted that fungicides will bring significant negative side-effects to the environment and result in fungicide resistance in the pathogenic fungi. Although previous research has focused on fungicide application rates and fungal resistance for a long time, little attention has been paid to fungicide residues after treatment, especially their potential role in fungal growth and sporulation.

Effect of Commercial Off-The-Shelf MAPS on γ-Ray Ionizing Radiation Response to Different Integration Times and Gains.

We report the γ-ray ionizing radiation response of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) monolithic active-pixel sensors (MAPS) with different integration times and gains. The distribution of the eight-bit two-dimensional matrix of MAPS output frame images was studied for different parameter settings and dose rates. We present the first results of the effects of these parameters on the response of the sensor and establish a linear relationship between the average response signal and radiation dose rate in the high-dose rate range.

Video Monitoring Application of CMOS 4T-PPD-APS Under γ-ray Radiation.

In this paper, we discuss the potential use of four transistor active pixel sensor (4T-APS) as a video monitor at a nuclear accident site with a high level of γ radiation. The resistance and radiation responses to γ radiation were investigated by radiation experiments using Cs and Co γ-ray sources. The radiation resistance of 4T-APS was studied by testing the mean and the maximum dark current of the sensors after irradiation.

Hypervalent-Iodine-Mediated Ring-Contraction Monofluorination Affording Monofluorinated Five-Membered Ring-Fused Oxazolines.

The first ring-contraction monofluorination reaction mediated by a hypervalent iodine reagent is reported, and the use of the reaction for the synthesis of monofluorinated five-membered ring-fused oxazolines is described. By means of this reaction, a fluorine atom can be selectively introduced either on the five-membered ring or external to it, depending on whether or not the substrate has C-4 alkyl substituents. The reaction was used for the further conversion of probenecid and isoxepac.