Hemodynamic protective effects of epinephrine containing saline irrigation in biportal endoscopic lumbar surgery.

During endoscopic orthopedic surgery, epinephrine mixed with irrigation saline is frequently used to improve visualization. By monitoring hemodynamic parameters throughout the procedure, we intended to discover the hemodynamic effect of epinephrine between the normal saline irrigation fluid without epinephrine group (NS) and normal saline irrigation fluid with epinephrine group (EPI). Patients who underwent 1-level lumbar decompression or discectomy surgery without fusion between August 2019 and July 2020 were reviewed retrospectively.

Intensity Modulated High Dose Rate (HDR) Brachytherapy Using Patient Specific 3D Metal Printed Applicators: Proof of Concept.

Purpose: In high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy, an anisotropic dose distribution may be desirable for achieving a higher therapeutic index, particularly when the anatomy imposes challenges. Several methods to deliver intensity-modulated brachytherapy (IMBT) have been proposed in the literature, however practical implementation is lacking due to issues of increased delivery times and complicated delivery mechanisms. This study presents the novel approach of designing a patient-specific inner shape of an applicator with 3D metal printing for IMBT using an inverse plan optimization model.

Electronic Medical Record-Based Machine Learning Approach to Predict the Risk of 30-Day Adverse Cardiac Events After Invasive Coronary Treatment: Machine Learning Model Development and Validation.

Background: Although there is a growing interest in prediction models based on electronic medical records (EMRs) to identify patients at risk of adverse cardiac events following invasive coronary treatment, robust models fully utilizing EMR data are limited.

Objective: We aimed to develop and validate machine learning (ML) models by using diverse fields of EMR to predict the risk of 30-day adverse cardiac events after percutaneous intervention or bypass surgery.

Methods: EMR data of 5,184,565 records of 16,793 patients at a quaternary hospital between 2006 and 2016 were categorized into static basic (eg, demographics), dynamic time-series (eg, laboratory values), and cardiac-specific data (eg, coronary angiography).

Transient left bundle branch block after posture change to the prone position during general anesthesia: A case report.

Rationale: The prone position is commonly used in spinal surgery. There have been many studies on hemodynamic changes in the prone position during general anesthesia. We report a rare case of transient left bundle branch block (LBBB) in a prone position.

Paraplegia after transforaminal epidural steroid injection in a patient with severe lumbar disc herniation - A case report.

Background: Transforaminal epidural steroid injection (TFESI) is a conservative treatment for patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH). However, there are reports of various complications that can occur after TFESI; among these, paraplegia is a serious complication.

Case: A 70-year-old woman who was unable to lie supine due to low back pain exacerbation during back extension underwent TFESI.

Spinal epidural hematoma occurring at a distance from the transforaminal epidural injection site: A case report.

Rationale: Transforaminal epidural steroid injection (TFESI) is a conservative method to treat back pain due to radiculopathy. However, epidural hematoma can occur after the procedure by various mechanisms, which can cause serious complications.

Patient Concerns: An 82-year-old man with spinal stenosis was treated with TFESI in the right intervertebral foramen at the L2-L3 level.

Aspects of urinary tract infections and antimicrobial resistance in hospitalized urology patients in Asia: 10-Year results of the Global Prevalence Study of Infections in Urology (GPIU).

Objectives: To assess Asian data from Global Prevalence Study on Infections in Urology (GPIU study) which has been performed more than 10 years.

Methods: Seventeen Asian countries participated in the GPIU study between 2004 and 2013. Data for these countries were collected from the web-based GPIU database.

Summary of the UAA-AAUS guidelines for urinary tract infections.

Urinary tract infections, genital tract infections and sexually transmitted infections are the most prevalent infectious diseases, and the establishment of locally optimized guidelines is critical to provide appropriate treatment. The Urological Association of Asia has planned to develop the Asian guidelines for all urological fields, and the present urinary tract infections, genital tract infections and sexually transmitted infections guideline was the second project of the Urological Association of Asia guideline development, which was carried out by the Asian Association of Urinary Tract Infection and Sexually Transmitted Infection. The members have meticulously reviewed relevant references, retrieved via the PubMed and MEDLINE databases, published between 2009 through 2015.

Design and fabrication of auxetic PCL nanofiber membranes for biomedical applications.

The main objective of this study was to fabricate poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL)-based auxetic nanofiber membranes and characterize them for their mechanical and physicochemical properties. As a first step, the PCL nanofibers were fabricated by electrospinning with two different thicknesses of 40μm (called PCL thin membrane) and 180μm (called PCL thick membrane). In the second step, they were tailored into auxetic patterns using femtosecond laser cut technique.

Numerical Approach to Modeling and Characterization of Refractive Index Changes for a Long-Period Fiber Grating Fabricated by Femtosecond Laser.

A 3D finite element model constructed to predict the intensity-dependent refractive index profile induced by femtosecond laser radiation is presented. A fiber core irradiated by a pulsed laser is modeled as a cylinder subject to predefined boundary conditions using COMSOL5.2 Multiphysics commercial package.

Primary signet ring cell carcinoma of the prostate treated by radical cystoprostatectomy and chemoradiotherapy.

Primary signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) of the prostate is very rare. Although SRCC is primarily found in the stomach and colon, it can also be found in the pancreas, breast, thyroid, bladder, and prostate. We recently diagnosed and treated a case of primary SRCC of the prostate.

Insulin Resistance Is Associated with Prevalence of Physician-Diagnosed Urinary Incontinence in Postmenopausal Non-Diabetic Adult Women: Data from the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Objective: To investigate the association between insulin resistance (IR) and urinary incontinence in Korean adult women by analyzing the data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey IV (KNHANES) 2007-2009.

Methods: A nationally representative sample of 5318 non-diabetic Korean women ≥19-years-of-age (3043 premenopausal and 2275 postmenopausal women) was included from KNHANES 2008-2010. IR was measured using the homeostasis model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR).

The changes of voiding pattern after midurethral sling between pure stress urinary incontinence and stress urinary incontinence with overactive bladder group.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare changes in voiding pattern after midurethral sling surgery (MUS) between the stress urinary incontinence (SUI) group and the overactive bladder (OAB)+SUI group.

Materials And Methods: From January 2008 to February 2011, a retrospective survey was conducted of 225 female patients who had been diagnosed with SUI and undergone MUS. The subjects were divided into the SUI group and the OAB+SUI group.

Changes in bacterial species and antibiotic sensitivity in intensive care unit: acquired urinary tract infection during 10 years interval (2001-2011).

Purpose: Patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) are usually at greater risk for acquiring urinary tract infections (UTIs). Few studies have focused on UTIs specifically acquired within the ICU. We studied the change in bacterial species causing UTIs in ICU admitted patients in 2001 and 2011.

Proposal for a new therapy for drug-resistant malaria using Plasmodium synthetic lethality inference.

Many antimalarial drugs kill malaria parasites, but antimalarial drug resistance (ADR) and toxicity to normal cells limit their usefulness. To solve this problem, we suggest a new therapy for drug-resistant malaria. The approach consists of data integration and inference through homology analysis of yeast-human-Plasmodium.

Ureteral substitution using appendix for a ureteral defect caused by a retroperitoneal rhabdomyosarcoma in a child.

A 7-year-old boy was diagnosed with a recurrent embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma in the retroperitoneum. After resection of the mass, direct end-to-end anastomosis of the ureter was not possible owing to the length of the resected segment. Accordingly, we performed ureteral substitution by using the appendix to repair the ureteral defect.

Microbiological and clinical characteristics in acute bacterial prostatitis according to lower urinary tract manipulation procedure.

We conducted a retrospective analysis of acute bacterial prostatitis (ABP) secondary to manipulation to document clinical features, management and microbiology based on the route of prior manipulation, which can be divided into two subgroups: transrectal and transurethral procedure. The medical records of 158 cases compatible with a confirmed diagnosis of ABP secondary to manipulation from 7 urological centers between 2001 and 2012 were reviewed. When subcategorized according to route of prior manipulation of the lower urinary tract, there were distinct differences between transrectal and transurethral manipulation group with regard to clinical and microbiological features.

Clinical efficacy of roxithromycin in men with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome in comparison with ciprofloxacin and aceclofenac: a prospective, randomized, multicenter pilot trial.

Roxithromycin is effective in the treatment of intracellular organisms, including chlamydia and mycoplasma, and exhibits anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects on respiratory diseases. To explore the potential therapeutic benefit of roxithromycin in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS), this study compared the effect of roxithromycin with ciprofloxacin and aceclofenac. A total of 75 patients with CP/CPPS were randomized to three groups in open-label: group 1, ciprofloxacin; group 2, aceclofenac; and group 3, roxithromycin.

Treatment of paraffin-induced lipogranuloma of the penis by bipedicled scrotal flap with Y-V incision.

Objectives: The authors aimed to report 5 cases of patients with penile lipogranuloma-induced full necrosis of penile skin, wherein they obtained good results from simultaneous implementation of Y-V incision to prevent the shortening of penile length together with bipedicular scrotal flap.

Methods: The full excision of penile lipogranuloma and a bipedicled scrotal flap was performed. After finishing the scrotal flap, for extension in length, the authors performed the inverted V incision on the upper skin of followed by partial resection of suspensory ligament and sutured up to subcutaneous tissue in the inverted Y shape, extending the dorsal portion skin toward the penis.

Clinical courses following acute bacterial prostatitis.

Purpose: There are few studies about clinical courses following acute bacterial prostatitis (ABP). We evaluated the progression rates of chronic bacterial prostatitis (CBP) and inflammatory chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS) after ABP treatment. Also evaluated the characteristics of the patients who developed CBP and inflammatory CPPS after ABP treatment.

Performance of Anyplex™ II multiplex real-time PCR for the diagnosis of seven sexually transmitted infections: comparison with currently available methods.

Objectives: The real-time PCR assay is the most sensitive test for screening and diagnosing sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and has made diagnosing these infections easier for clinicians. The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability, accuracy, and usefulness of the real-time multiplex PCR assay for the detection of seven sexually transmitted microorganisms in clinical samples.

Methods: A total of 897 specimens from 365 symptomatic patients and 532 asymptomatic volunteers were collected over a 10-month period.

Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and epidemiology of female urinary tract infections in South Korea, 2010-2011.

This study aimed to (i) investigate the antimicrobial susceptibilities of bacteria that cause urinary tract infections (UTIs) in outpatient and inpatient settings and (ii) evaluate the risk factors for emerging antimicrobial drug resistance in UTIs in South Korea. In total, 3,023 samples without duplication were collected from females between 25 and 65 years of age who had been diagnosed with a urinary tract infection. Multicenter patient data were collected using a Web-based electronic system and then evaluated.