A complex case study: coexistence of multi-drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis, HBV-related liver failure, and disseminated cryptococcal infection in an AIDS patient.

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection can cause liver failure, while individuals with Acquired Immunodeficiency Virus Disease (AIDS) are highly susceptible to various opportunistic infections, which can occur concurrently. The treatment process is further complicated by the potential occurrence of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), which presents significant challenges and contributes to elevated mortality rates.

Case Presentation: The 50-year-old male with a history of chronic hepatitis B and untreated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection presented to the hospital with a mild cough and expectoration, revealing multi-drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (MDR-PTB), which was confirmed by XpertMTB/RIF PCR testing and tuberculosis culture of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF).

Use of deep sequencing to profile small RNAs derived from tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus and hippeastrum chlorotic ringspot orthotospovirus in infected Capsicum annuum.

Virus-derived small RNAs are one of the key factors of RNA silencing in plant defence against viruses. We obtained virus-derived small interfering RNA profiles from Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus and Hippeastrum chlorotic ringspot orthotospovirus infected Capsicum annuum XX19 and XY11 by deep sequencing one day after inoculation. The vsiRNAs data were mapped to the TSWV and HCRV genomes, and the results showed that the vsiRNAs measured 19-24 nucleotides in length.

Sonographic Features of Pure Mucinous Brelast Carcinoma With Micropapillary Pattern.

Objective: Previous studies have mostly discussed the clinical manifestations and prognosis of mucinous breast carcinoma with a micropapillary pattern. The purposes of this study were to investigate the sonographic features of pure mucinous breast carcinoma with micropapillary pattern (MUMPC) and to identify the role of ultrasound in the differential diagnosis between MUMPC and conventional pure mucinous breast carcinoma (cPMBC).

Materials And Methods: We obtained written informed consent from all patients, and the Ethics Committee of West China Hospital approved this retrospective study.

Prostate cancer prediction using the random forest algorithm that takes into account transrectal ultrasound findings, age, and serum levels of prostate-specific antigen.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the ability of the random forest algorithm that combines data on transrectal ultrasound findings, age, and serum levels of prostate-specific antigen to predict prostate carcinoma. Clinico-demographic data were analyzed for 941 patients with prostate diseases treated at our hospital, including age, serum prostate-specific antigen levels, transrectal ultrasound findings, and pathology diagnosis based on ultrasound-guided needle biopsy of the prostate. These data were compared between patients with and without prostate cancer using the Chi-square test, and then entered into the random forest model to predict diagnosis.

[Tree-Augmented NaÏve Bayesian network model for predicting prostate cancer].

Objective: To evaluate the integrated performance of age, serum PSA, and transrectal ultrasound images in the prediction of prostate cancer using a Tree-Augmented NaÏve (TAN) Bayesian network model.

Methods: We collected such data as age, serum PSA, transrectal ultrasound findings, and pathological diagnoses from 941 male patients who underwent prostate biopsy from January 2008 to September 2011. Using a TAN Bayesian network model, we analyzed the data for predicting prostate cancer, and compared them with the gold standards of pathological diagnosis.

Primary follicular thyroid carcinoma metastasis to the kidney and widespread dissemination: A case report.

Distant metastases are more common in follicular thyroid carcinoma (FC) than in papillary thyroid carcinoma. However, FC metastasis to the kidney with eggshell calcification, as observed in the present case, is rare. The current report presents a case of a 67-year-old woman exhibiting a solitary tumor in the mid pole of the left kidney.

Ultrasonographic findings of small lesion of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis.

Objective: To investigate the features of small lesions of hepatic alveolar echinococcsis paragonimiasis (AE) on conventional ultrasound (US) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) imaging.

Methods: This retrospective study was approved by the Institutional Review Board, and the requirement for informed consent was waived. US and CEUS features of seventeen lesions histopathologically proven hepatic AE were retrospectively reviewed.

Complete genome sequence of a distinct calla lily chlorotic spot virus isolated in mainland China.

The first complete genome sequence of calla lily chlorotic spot virus (CCSV) from Lijiang in northwestern Yunnan Province was obtained using RT-PCR with designed primers. The genome of CCSV isolate LJ-1-Yunnan is tripartite. The small (S) RNA is 3182 nucleotides (nt) in length and encodes a nonstructural protein (NSs, 1383 nt) and a nuclear nucleocapsid (N, 834 nt), separated by an 836-nt intergenic region (IGR).

Efficacy of contrast-enhanced ultrasound washout rate in predicting hepatocellular carcinoma differentiation.

The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the efficacy of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) washout rate in predicting hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) differentiation. Two hundred seventy-one patients underwent liver resection for HCC between April 2008 and December 2012 after being examined by CEUS using the contrast agent SonoVue with a low mechanical index (<0.1) in a routine procedure.

Stress-relaxation and tension relief system for immediate primary closure of large and huge soft tissue defects: an old-new concept: new concept for direct closure of large defects.

Stress-relaxation is a well-established mechanism for laboratory skin stretching, with limited clinical application in conventional suturing techniques due to the inherent, concomitant induction of ischemia, necrosis and subsequent suture failure. Skin defects that cannot be primarily closed are a common difficulty during reconstructive surgery. The TopClosure tension-relief system (TRS) is a novel device for wound closure closure, providing secured attachment to the skin through a wide area of attachment, in an adjustable manner, enabling primary closure of medium to large skin defects.

[Assessing splenic vein complications in patients with acute pancreatitis using color Doppler ultrasound and contrast enhanced ultrasound].

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic value of color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) and contrast enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) for splenic vein complications (SVCs).

Methods: 144 inpatients (86 male, 58 female) with acute pancreatitis from Jan 2012 to Apr 2013 were recruited for this study. The participants had a mean age of (44.

[A clinical trial of ultrasound-guided facet joint block in the lumbar spine to treat facet joint related low back pain].

Objective: To determine the feasibility and clinical efficacy of ultrasound-guided facet joint injection and nerve block in lumbar facet joint for the treatment of facet-joint related low back pain.

Methods: 20 patients with facet-joint pain were randomized into two groups received block blindly (B group) or guided by ultrasound (US group) respectively. The location of needle tip was confirmed by CT in both groups, and the accuracy was computed afterwards.

Molecular characterization of the hippeastrum chlorotic ringspot virus L segment and its protein.

Hippeastrum chlorotic ringspot virus (HCRV) is a novel tospovirus that was identified in Yunnan Province, China, in 2013. We have sequenced the HCRV L gene, which is 8909 nt long and encodes the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (2873 amino acids, 330.8 kDa).

Diagnostic value of contrast enhanced ultrasound for splenic artery complications following acute pancreatitis.

Aim: To assess the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in diagnosing splenic artery complications (SACs) after acute pancreatitis (AP).

Methods: One hundred and eighteen patients with AP were enrolled in the study. All patients were examined by CEUS and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT).

The pathophysiology of venous hypertensive myelopathy--study of an animal model: laboratory investigation.

Object: The authors undertook this study to establish an animal model to investigate the pathophysiological changes of venous hypertensive myelopathy (VHM).

Methods: This study was a randomized control animal study with blinded evaluation. The VHM model was developed in 24 adult New Zealand white rabbits by means of renal artery and vein anastomosis and trapping of the posterior vena cava; 12 rabbits were subjected to sham surgery.

[Ultrasound diagnosis of scrotal wall sarcoma].

Objective: To study the ultrasound imaging characteristics of scrotum sarcoma.

Methods: Retrospective analyses of the ultrasound and clinical data of 9 patients with scrotum sarcoma were performed.

Results: Of the 9 patients, 5 had scrotum rhabdomyosarcoma, which included 2 cases of alveolus rhabdomyosarcoma and 3 cases of embryonic rhabdomyosarcoma (including 2 embryonic rhabdomyosarcoma of the tunica dartos in the scrotum).

[Feasibility and accuracy of ultrasound-guided methodology in the examination of lumbar spine facet joints].

Objective: To investigate the feasibility, accuracy of B ultrasound in the examination of joint space of lumbar spine facet joints compared with CT scan.

Methods: Ten healthy adult volunteers were enrolled. The joint space of lumbar facet joints was measured by ultrasound.

Efficacy and safety of alcohol sclerotherapy involving single-session multiple injections to treat simple renal cysts: a multicenter, prospective, randomized, controlled trial.

Background: Alcohol has been used for treating simple renal cysts since 1981. Since then, various observational studies have examined the technique, but they differ significantly in the details of the procedures and efficacy measures used. This has made it difficult to assess the safety and efficacy of this technique.

Diagnosis of female urethral diverticulum using transvaginal contrast-enhanced sonourethrography.

Introduction And Hypothesis: This study investigated the value of transvaginal contrast-enhanced sonourethrography for the diagnosis of female urethral diverticulum (UD) by comparing results of contrast-enhanced ultrasound images and surgical findings.

Methods: A total of 14 female UD patients underwent preoperative transvaginal contrast-enhanced sonourethrography between July 2010 and June 2012. History and physical examination were initially assessed by the same urologist.

The TopClosure® 3S System, for skin stretching and a secure wound closure.

The principle of stretching wound margins for primary wound closure is commonly practiced and used for various skin defects, leading at times to excessive tension and complications during wound closure. Different surgical techniques, skin stretching devices and tissue expanders have been utilized to address this issue. Previously designed skin stretching devices resulted in considerable morbidity.

[Predicting prostate cancers using a logistic regression model with transrectal ultrasound characteristics, age and serum PSA].

Objective: To determine the value of transrectal ultrasound characteristics in combination with age and prostate specific antigen (PSA) for predicting prostate cancers.

Methods: 579 patients with prostate diseases were examined with color doppler, followed by biopsies of prostates. A logistic regression model was developed to determine the relationship between prostate cancers and transrectal ultrasound characteristics, age and PSA levels.

The results of transperineal versus transrectal prostate biopsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

This systematic review was performed to compare the efficacy and complications of transperineal (TP) vs. transrectal (TR) prostate biopsy. A systematic research of PUBMED, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library was performed to identify all clinical controlled trials on prostate cancer (PCa) detection rate and complications achieved by TP and TR biopsies.

Diagnosis of a female urethral diverticulum using transvaginal contrast-enhanced sonourethrography.

The diagnosis of female urethral diverticulum is difficult due to its nonspecific symptoms, and invasive diagnostic procedures are often necessary. We report a case in which the diagnosis was made with contrast-enhanced transvaginal sonourethrography. The microbubble contrast agent could be seen filling the diverticular cavity via its opening.

Characterization and diagnostic confidence of contrast-enhanced ultrasound for solid renal tumors.

The objective was to determine whether contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) could improve the diagnostic confidence of solid renal masses. CEUS examinations were performed on 51 patients with renal tumors. Histologic findings from surgical specimens (n = 24) or magnetic resonance imaging follow-up (n = 27) were used as reference procedures for definitive diagnosis.