Optimized intensity-modulated type PTS-based PAPR reduction scheme for intensity-modulated direct-detection optical OFDM systems.

High peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the signal is a major drawback in optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system. In this paper, an intensity-modulated type Partial Transmit Sequences (PTS) based scheme is proposed and applied to the intensity-modulated OFDM (IMDD-OFDM) system. The proposed intensity-modulated type PTS (IM-PTS) scheme ensures that the time-domain signal output by the algorithm is real value.

Dual-physical layer high-security encryption scheme for seven-core fiber FPS-OFDM-PON.

This paper proposes an encryption scheme for floating probabilistic shaping orthogonal frequency division multiplexing passive optical networks (FPS-OFDM-PON). Four chaotic sequences are generated by the 4D hyperchaotic model for floating probabilistic shaping (FPS) and bubble sort encryption scheme. An experiment is conducted to demonstrate the transmission of a 70Gb/s (7×10Gb/s) FPS-OFDM-PON signal across a 2km weakly coupled 7-core fiber.

[Quantification of Agricultural In-Situ Surface Soil Moisture Content Using Near Infrared Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy: A Comparison of Modeling Methods].

At field scale, surface soil had special characteristics of volumetric moisture content (VMC) with a relatively little difference and spatial heterogeneity induced by physical and chemical properties, roughness, straw residues, etc. It has been a great challenge for near infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (NIR-DRS) measurement of surface soil moisture in situ. In this study, exonential decay models based on seven water-related wavelengths (1200, 1400, 1450, 1820, 1940, 2000 and 2250 nm), linear models of normalized difference soil moisture index (NSMI) and relative absorption depth (RAD) based on wave-length combinations, linear or quadratic model of width of the inflection (σ), center amplitude of the function (Rd) and area under the Gaussian curve (A) from soil moisture Gaussian model (SMGM), and partial least square (PLS) regression models based on bands were used to quantify VMC.

[Comparison of red edge parameters of winter wheat canopy under late frost stress].

In the present study, late frost experiments were implemented under a range of subfreezing temperatures (-1 - -9 degrees C) by using a field movable climate chamber (FMCC) and a cold climate chamber, respectively. Based on the spectra of winter wheat canopy measured at noon on the first day after the frost experiments, red edge parameters REP, Dr, SDr, Dr(min), Dr/Dr(min) and Dr/SDr were extracted using maximum first derivative spectrum method (FD), linear four-point interpolation method (FPI), polynomial fitting method (POLY), inverted Gaussian fitting method (IG) and linear extrapolation technique (LE), respectively. The capacity of the red edge parameters to detect late frost stress was explicated from the aspects of the early, sensitivity and stability through correlation analysis, linear regression modeling and fluctuation analysis.

[Soil organic carbon variation of de-farming and wasteland during alteration of ecosystem in Billabong].

Four soil profile samples were collected in the middle of de-farming and wasteland billabong and around slopes, located at typical karst district of Guizhou province. Soil organic matter (SOC) content and delta Corg, were determined. SOC content ranged from 6.