Individualized minimally invasive treatment for adult testicular hydrocele: A pilot study.

Background: Hydrocelectomy is the gold standard for the treatment of hydrocele, but it often causes complications after surgery, including hematoma, infection, persistent swelling, hydrocele recurrence, and chronic pain. In recent years, several methods for minimally invasive treatment of hydrocele have been introduced, but they all have limitations. Herein, we introduce a new method of individualized minimally invasive treatment for hydrocele.

Diagnosis and management of testicular rupture after blunt scrotal trauma: a literature review.

Testicular rupture, one of the most common complications in blunt scrotal trauma, is the rupture of tunica albuginea and extrusion of seminiferous tubules. Testicular rupture is more inclined to young men, and injury mechanisms are associated with sports and motor accidents. After history taking and essential physical examination, scrotal ultrasound is the first-line auxiliary examination.

Metadherin regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition in carcinoma.

Metadherin (MTDH) was first identified in primary human fetal astrocytes exposed to HIV-1 in 2002 and then recognized as an important oncogene mediating tumorigenesis, progression, invasiveness, and metastasis of carcinomas. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a vital process in embryonic development, organ repair, and cancer progression. MTDH and EMT have also been proved to be related to the prognosis of patients with cancers.

Primary kidney parenchyma squamous cell carcinoma mimicking xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: A case report.

Primary kidney parenchyma squamous cell carcinoma is extremely rare, and this is the forth case to be reported. In the present study, a case of a 61-year old man is discussed. The man presented with recurrent lumbago, gross hematuria for nearly 2 months, and suspicious inflammatory kidney diseases on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) and fludeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET)/CT, but a tumor can not be excluded completely prior to surgery.

Adult metastatic yolk sac tumor descending from an intra-abdominal testis: A case report and review of the literature.

Pure yolk sac tumors are extremely rare in adults; to the best of our knowledge, <20 cases have been reported. Multiple metastases originating from a pure yolk sac testicular tumor, descending from an intra-abdominal testis, are additionally extremely rare. In the present case, a man exhibiting a 30-year history of cryptorchidism and indirect inguinal hernia, was admitted to the Department of Urology (The Second Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China) due to a mass that had descended from the abdominal cavity 7 months previously.

[Application of scrotoscope in the diagnosis and treatment of testicular and epididymal diseases].

Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of scrotoscope in diagnosis and treatment of testicular and epididymal diseases.

Methods: From September 2010 to March 2012, a total of 75 patients, aged 15-64 years (mean age is 42.4 years) were included in this study.

Comparison between Open Epididymal Cystectomy and Minimal Resection of Epididymal Cysts Using a Scrotoscope: A Clinical Trial for the Evaluation of a New Surgical Technique.

Objective: To provide a new surgical technique for epididymal cyst (EC) treatment and to assess its safety and efficiency.

Methods: Forty-eight patients with symptomatic EC were randomized into 2 groups. One group (n = 23) received traditional open epididymal cystectomy (OEC) and the other group (n = 25) underwent minimal epididymal cystectomy with scrotoscope (MECS), which provided a clear vision of scrotal contents.

Micro-ribonucleic acid 29b inhibits cell proliferation and invasion and enhances cell apoptosis and chemotherapy effects of cisplatin via targeting of DNMT3b and AKT3 in prostate cancer.

Background: Micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are crucial regulators in malignant tumors. miRNA-29b (miR-29b) has been identified as a tumor suppressor in prostate cancer (PCa). However, very few studies have investigated the effects of miR-29b in PCa, especially the mechanism and its association with chemotherapy.

The role of miR-29b in cancer: regulation, function, and signaling.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small non-coding RNAs with the capacity to regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. The miRNA-29 family consists of miR-29a, miR-29b, and miR-29c, among which miR-29b is the most highly expressed and is found at two genomic loci. Recently, numerous studies have demonstrated that aberrant expression of miR-29b is common in the majority of human cancers.

Repression of metadherin inhibits biological behavior of prostate cancer cells and enhances their sensitivity to cisplatin.

Metadherin (MTDH), also known as astrocyte-elevated gene-1, was first cloned in 2002 and has been confirmed as an oncogene in numerous types of cancer by previous studies. Overexpression of MTDH has been observed in multiple types of cancer, including breast, esophageal, prostate, cervical and non-small-cell lung cancer, as well as neuroblastoma and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, at present, few investigations into MTDH‑associated prostate cancer have been performed.

The expansion of 8-year medical training programs in China: a status report.

Instituted in major medical programs only within the past decade, the advent of an 'expanded' 8-year medical curriculum reflects a major reformation of how physicians are trained in China. Although much remains to be done, including the refinement of associated learning objectives, instructional models, and teaching pedagogies, movement toward a longer, more standardized training framework represents a marked transition for Chinese medical practice. This article highlights the current status and anticipated future of these emerging 8-year medical training programs in modern-day China.

Rare incidence of primary adrenocortical carcinosarcoma: A case report and literature review.

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare, but highly aggressive type of tumor with an incidence of one to two per million annually. Adrenocortical carcinosarcoma is an exceptional variant of ACC, which is characterized by the presence of histological regions of carcinoma and sarcoma. To date, to the best of our knowledge, there have only been 12 reported cases of adrenocortical carcinosarcoma.

Metadherin in prostate, bladder, and kidney cancer: A systematic review.

Metadherin (MTDH) has been identified as an important oncogene in carcinogenesis, tumor progression and metastasis in numerous malignancies, through signal transduction pathways. MTDH is a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in cancers. The present systematic review was performed to search for studies regarding MTDH and prostate, bladder and kidney cancer using several databases and the eligible studies were reviewed.

Minimal hydrocelectomy with the aid of scrotoscope: a ten-year experience.

Background: Since hydrocelectomy remains the choice of surgical treatment of hydrocele and standard surgical procedures may cause postoperative discomfort and complications, a new minimal surgery procedure is needed. The scrotoscope was used for the diagnosis and treatment of intrascrotal lesions. The aim of the study is to illustrate a new minimal hydrocelectomy with the aid of scrotoscope, in an effort to decrease complications.

Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma associated with eosinophilia: A report of three cases.

Eosinophilia is typically associated with allergic reactions, parasitic infestations, certain forms of vasculitis, the use of certain medications and hematologic malignancies. In addition to eosinophilia associated with gastrointestinal tumors, lung cancer and thyroid carcinoma in solid malignancies, there are a limited number of cases describing peripheral hypereosinophilia in urologic tumors. The present study reports three cases of eosinophilia in patients with chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (CRCC) and investigates the association between excessive eosinophilia and the recurrence and prognosis of renal carcinoma.