Burden of biliary tract carcinoma in China (1990-2021): Findings from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study.

Biliary tract carcinoma (BTC) is a group of malignant tumors that originate in the digestive system and occurs with a high incidence in China. Few consistent and comparable assessments of BTC disease burden have been conducted at national or subnational levels, and little is known about the demographic, temporal, and geographic patterns of epidemiological characteristics and disease burden of BTC in China. The incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), years of life lost (YLLs) due to premature death and years lived with disability (YLDs) of BTC were comprehensively examined by age, sex, and calendar year in the Chinese population, using the methodological framework and analytical strategies used for the 2021 Global Burden of Disease study.

. protects glomerular endothelial cells via the miR155-H2AC6 interaction network in hypertensive renal injury.

Background: Hypertensive renal injury is one of the most lethal complications of hypertension. At present, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) blockers are considered the best drugs for the treatment of renal injury in hypertension because of their nephroprotective effect of reducing proteinuria, but there are no specific drugs for this purpose, however, clinical trials proved that Chinese medicine has a protective effect on target organs in the treatment of hypertension. .

[Partial Nitritation and Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation Synergistic Denitrification to Remove Nitrogen and Carbon from Domestic Sewage].

A sequencing batch reactor-anaerobic sequencing batch reactor(SBR-ASBR) process was used to treat domestic sewage. In the SBR, the effects of the anoxic/aerobic time ratio and temperature on the realization of partial nitritation(PN) were investigated. In the ASBR, the effects of different COD/NO-N(C/N) ratios on the removal of nitrogen and carbon using anaerobic ammonia oxidation(ANAMMOX) and denitrification were studied.

[Synthesis of Magnetic Iron Modifying Biochar for Ammonia Nitrogen Removal from Water].

A significant factor for eutrophication is the excessive discharge of ammonia nitrogen. Unfortunately, traditional methods to remove ammonia nitrogen are ineffective when facing gradually strict rules. Recently, adsorption has gained interest from scholars due to its efficiency and safety in ammonia nitrogen treatment.

Tuning Magnetic Anisotropy in a Class of Co(II) Bis(hexafluoroacetylacetonate) Complexes.

Tuning the magnetic anisotropy of metal ions remains highly interesting in the design of improved single-molecule magnets (SMMs). We herein report synthetic, structural, magnetic, and computational studies of four mononuclear Co complexes, namely [Co(hfac) (MeCN) ] (1), [Co(hfac) (Spy) ] (2), [Co(hfac) (MBIm) ] (3), and [Co(hfac) (DMF) ] (4) (MeCN=acetonitrile, hfac=hexafluoroacetylacetone, Spy=4-styrylpyridine, MbIm=5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole, DMF=N,N-dimethylformamide), with distorted octahedral geometry constructed from hexafluoroacetylacetone (hfac) and various axial ligands. By a building block approach, complexes 2-4 were synthesized by recrystallization of the starting material of 1 from various ligands containing solution.

[Short-cut Nitrification Start-up and Optimization of Operating Conditions Under Different Control Strategies].

Low C/N domestic sewage was treated in a SBR. With an operating temperature of (25±0.5)℃, NO-N accumulation rates reached 96.

Two Four-Coordinate and Seven-Coordinate Co Complexes Based on the Bidentate Ligand 1, 8-Naphthyridine Showing Slow Magnetic Relaxation Behavior.

For a long time, the cobalt(II) complex ([Co(napy) ](ClO ) ) (napy=1, 8-naphthyridine) has been considered as an eight-coordinate complex without any structural proof. After careful considerations, two complexes [Co(napy) Cl ] (1) and [Co(napy) ](ClO ) (2) based on the bidentate ligand napy were synthesized and structurally characterized. X-ray single-crystal structural determination showed that the cobalt(II) center in [Co(napy) Cl ] (1) is four-coordinate with a tetrahedral geometry (T ), while [Co(napy) ](ClO ) (2) is seven-coordinate rather than eight-coordinate with a capped trigonal prism geometry (C ).

[Realization of Short-cut Nitrification in a CAST Process at High Temperature and Its Phosphorus Removal Performance].

A synthetic wastewater was employed to investigate the realization of short-cut nitrification and its phosphorus removal performance in a CAST reactor operated at 22℃, 25℃, and 28℃. The results showed that TN removal of the system was stable and higher than 80% at different temperatures, and NH-N removal performed well. When the temperature was at 22℃ and 25℃, nitrite accumulation was not observed in the system and the phosphorus removal rate were 94.

[Start-up Performance of Low-substrate Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation Under Different COD Concentrations].

An anaerobic sequencing batch reactor(ASBR)was used to treat low-substrate simulated wastewater with NH-N and NO-N concentrations of (25.00±0.40) mg·L and (33.

[Simultaneous Nitrification and Denitrifying Phosphorus Removal in Continuous Flow Reactor with Intermittent Aeration].

A continuous flow reactor (TCFR) with 10 compartments was used to treat domestic sewage. The anaerobic compartments of TCFR were kept at 3. The anoxic compartments of TCFR were reduced from 2 to 0.

[Effect of Substrate Ratio on Removal of Nitrogen and Carbon Using Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation and Denitrification].

Real domestic sewage was treated in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). When the partial nitrification of SBR was achieved, the effluent was fed with quantitative NaNO, which served as the influent of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) process of the anaerobic SBR (ASBR). The effect of different substrate ratios on the removal of nitrogen and carbon using anaerobic ammonium oxidation and denitrification was investigated under conditions with a temperature of 24℃ and pH of 7.

[Characteristics of Denitrifying Phosphorus Removal by A/O-BAF at Low Temperatures].

Low C/N domestic sewage was treated by an A/O-biological aerated filter (BAF) system at low temperatures (11-14℃). The characteristics of pollutant removal, the ratio of denitrifying phosphorus to nitrogen (ΔPO/ΔNON) and effects of aeration flow and effective packing height on nitrification in BAF were studied. The results showed that when the average influent concentrations of COD, NH-N, TN and PO were 193.

[Effect of HRT on Nitrogen Removal Using ANAMMOX and Heterotrophic Denitrification].

Real domestic sewage was first treated in SBR and partial nitrification was achieved. When average concentrations of NH-N, NO-N, and COD were 37.27, 39.

[Performance of the Removal of Nitrogen During Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation Using Different Operational Strategies].

The effects of low substrate ratio, cooling methods, and pH on nitrogen removal performance were studied in a laboratory-scale anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor (ASBR) while treating simulated domestic waste water. The results illustrated that the average removal efficiencies of NH-N and NO-N increased from 54.4% and 65.

[Nitrite Type Denitrifying Phosphorus Removal Capacity of Cycle Activated Sludge Technology Processes Under Different Inducing Patterns].

A modified cyclic activated sludge technology (CAST) reactor was utilized to investigate the phosphorus and nitrogen removal performance under different inducing patterns in this experiment. The results show that nitrite addition under anoxic conditions has a more inhibitory effect on the denitrifying phosphorus removal performance of the sludge. The phosphorus removal performance of the system was least effective when nitrite dosage was 5 mg·L.

[Effects of Temperature on Shortcut Nitrification and Nitrification Activity of Nitrification in an Intermittent Aeration Sequencing Batch Reactor].

Real domestic sewage was treated with sequencing batch reactors (SBR). The aerobic/anoxic modes were alternated 4 times at 30℃ and 7 times at 18℃ in a single-cycle, respectively, and the ratio of aerobic/anoxic cycles was 30 min/30 min. The influent concentration of ammonia and nitrite was 61.

[Effect of Step Feed on Denitrifying Phosphorus and Nitrate Removal in a Modification of the Two Sludge A/O-BAF System].

A modification of the two sludge A/O-BAF system was used to treat low C/N real domestic sewage. In order to improve the utilization of the carbon source, the effects of two step feeds (pre-anoxic zone and anoxic zone) on denitrifying phosphorus and nitrate removal were studied. According to the formula of material balance for COD, the utilization of carbon source was analyzed and evaluated under different ratios of step feed, simultaneously.

[Effect of Aeration Rate on Shortcut Nitrification Recovery in Intermittent Aeration Mode].

Shortcut nitrification sludge, which was set aside for two months, was recovered using Reactors Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and Ⅳ. The aeration rates of Reactors Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and Ⅳ were 120, 100, 80, and 60 L·h, respectively, while treating real domestic sewage, and the ratio of aerobic/anoxic was 30 min/30 min at the temperature of 25℃. The influent of ammonia was 50-80 mg·L, and the concentration of effluent ammonia was stable, at below 5 mg·L, after the 12, 18, 21, and 21 cycles.

[Long-Term Inhibition of FNA on Aerobic Phosphate Uptake and Variation of Phosphorus Uptake Properties of the Sludge].

An alternating anaerobic/oxic ( An/O) sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was employed to investigate the long-term inhibitory effect of free nitrous acid (FNA) on aerobic phosphorus uptake performance and variation of phosphorus uptake properties of the sludge by adding nitrite. The reactor was started up under the condition of 21-23 degrees C. The results showed that FNA had no impact on phosphate release and uptake capacities of the sludge.

[Application of damage control orthopaedic for the treatment of comminuted fractures of superior tibia in complex injury].

Objective: To investigate the treatment of comminuted superior tibial fracture in complex injury according to damage control orthopaedic.

Methods: From Jan. 2007 to Jun.

[Effect of internal recycle ratio on nitrogen and phosphorus removal characteristics in A2/O-BAF process].

The behaviors of biological phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) removal in a lab-scaled anaerobic/anoxic/oxic-biological aerated filter (A2/O-BAF) combined system were investigated during the treatment of real domestic wastewater with the temperature at 15 degrees C, the C/N ratio of 4.9 and internal recycle ratio of 100%, 200%, 300% and 400%. Experimental results clearly showed that COD, N and P can be simultaneously deeply removed in this combined system.