Andrographolide suppresses melanin synthesis through Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin signal pathway.

Background: Tyrosinase (TYR) is the key enzyme controlling the production of melanin. Very few papers have reported that andrographolide can inhibit melanin content.

Objective: To investigate the effects of andrographolide on melanin synthesis.

Comparison of histologic, biochemical, and mechanical properties of murine skin treated with the 1064-nm and 1320-nm Nd:YAG lasers.

The goal of this study was to compare the effects of the Q-switched 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser and the 1320-nm Nd:YAG laser non-ablative treatments on mouse skin in vivo. Skin elasticity measurements were carried out with a Reviscometer, and skin samples were taken for histological study, hydroxyproline content assay and estimation of collagen type I and III. By the second month after non-ablative treatments, the 1064-nm laser treatment resulted in an average of 25% greater improvement of skin elasticity, 6% more increase of dermal thickness, and 11% higher synthesis of hydroxyproline than the 1320-nm laser.