Effects of Bath Composition and P Contents on the Defects of NiP Layer in Electroless Nickel Immersion Gold Process.

Electroless nickel immersion gold (ENIG) has been widely used for surface finishing in PCB industry, however surface defects are sometimes found during PCB soldering process. These defects cause failures in soldering on PCB and consequently cause poor safety probability of products. The formation mechanism of the defects in the NiP layer was investigated.

Distinct pathophysiologic mechanisms of septic acute kidney injury: role of immune suppression and renal tubular cell apoptosis in murine model of septic acute kidney injury.

Objective: Sepsis is the most common cause of acute kidney injury in critically ill patients; however, the mechanisms leading to acute kidney injury in sepsis remain elusive. Although sepsis has been considered an excessive systemic inflammatory response, clinical trials that inhibit inflammation have been shown to have no effect. The purpose of this study was to examine the pathophysiology of septic acute kidney injury focusing on immune responses and renal tubular cell apoptosis by providing an on-site quantitative comparison between septic- and ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury.

Asan medical information system for healthcare quality improvement.

Objectives: This purpose of this paper is to introduce the status of the Asan Medical Center (AMC) medical information system with respect to healthcare quality improvement.

Methods: Asan Medical Information System (AMIS) is projected to become a completely electronic and digital information hospital. AMIS has played a role in improving the health care quality based on the following measures: safety, effectiveness, patient-centeredness, timeliness, efficiency, privacy, and security.

Interaction of glycopolymers with human hematopoietic cells from cord blood and peripheral blood.

Polystyrene derivatives, poly[N-pvinylbenzyl-O-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-4)-D-glucoamide] (PV Maltose) and poly[N-p-vinylbenzyl-O-mannopyranosyl-(1-4)-D-glucoamide] (PV Mannose), which contain glucose and mannose moieties, respectively, have the specific binding ability with murine hematopoietic cells. In this study, we confirm the ability of these glycopolymers to interact specifically with human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and mature cells derived from human cord blood (CB) and peripheral blood (PB). Using fluorescence isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled glycopolymers, we observed that 98% to 93% of hematopoietic cells interacted very strongly with PV Mannose, and 63% of CB and 29% PB interacted with PV Maltose.

Anxiolytic-like effects of obovatol isolated from Magnolia obovata: involvement of GABA/benzodiazepine receptors complex.

This experiment was performed to investigate whether obovatol isolated from the leaves of Magnolia obovata has anxiolytic-like effects through GABA-benzodiazepine-receptors Cl(-) channel activation. The anxiolytic-like effects of obovatol in mice were examined using the elevated plus-maze and the automatic hole-board apparatus. Oral administration of obovatol (0.

Effects of mannosylated glycopolymers on specific interaction to bone marrow hematopoietic and progenitor cells derived from murine species.

Poly[N-pvinylbenzyl-O-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-4)-D-glucoamide], poly[N-pvinylbenzyl-O-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-4)-D-glucoamide], and poly[N-p-vinylbenzyl-O-mannopyranosyl-(1-4)-D-gluconamide] (referred to as PVLA, PVMA, and PV-Man) are polystyrene derivatives that contain galactose, glucose, and mannose moieties, which interact with hematopoietic cells (HCs). To clarify the specific interaction between the glucopolymers and hematopoietic cells, glycopolymers labeled with fluorescent isothiocyanate (FITC) were used to follow the specific interaction, which was visualized by confocal laser microscopy. We found that PV-Man binds strongly to HCs, probably because of a specific interaction mediated by specific receptors present on the cell membrane, while some cytotoxicity when was observed when PV-Man interacted with the cell membrane.

[The relationship between serum adiponectin level and serum alanine aminotransferase elevation in Korean male with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease].

Background/aims: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) comprises a large part of chronic liver diseases. Recently it was reported that adipokines are closely associated with the common risk factors for NAFLD, such as obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. We aimed to evaluate the changes in serum adiponectin, resistin and leptin concentrations related to alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevations in Korean men with NAFLD.

The relative effects of obesity and insulin resistance on cardiovascular risk factors in nondiabetic and normotensive men.

Background: Several reports have documented that Asians have a strong tendency to develop insulin resistance. The aims of this study were to evaluate the relative effects of insulin resistance and obesity on the risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD) and to clarify whether insulin resistance accentuates these effects in apparently healthy men.

Methods: We conducted a cross sectional survey on 4,067 apparently healthy Korean men, aged between 20 and 83 years, with body mass indices (BMI) ranging from 15.