Association between body composition and the risk of mortality in the obese population in the United States.

Background: Recent studies have presented the concept of the obesity paradox, suggesting that individuals with obesity have a lower risk of death than those without obesity. This paradox may arise because body mass index (BMI) alone is insufficient to understand body composition accurately. This study investigated the relationship between fat and muscle mass and the risk of mortality in individuals with overweight/obesity.

Association between body shape index and risk of mortality in the United States.

The body mass index (BMI) neither differentiates fat from lean mass nor does it consider adipose tissue distribution. In contrast, the recently introduced z-score of the log-transformed A Body Shape Index (LBSIZ) can be applied to measure obesity using waist circumference (WC), height, and weight. We aimed to investigate the association between LBSIZ and mortality.

A Longitudinal Retrospective Observational Study on Obesity Indicators and the Risk of Impaired Fasting Glucose in Pre- and Postmenopausal Women.

The impact of obesity could differ according to menopausal status since women undergo significant physiologic and metabolic changes due to menopause. We investigated the association between various major obesity indicators and the risk of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) according to menopausal status using nationally representative data. A total of 571,286 premenopausal and 519,561 postmenopausal women who underwent both Korean National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) cancer screening in 2009 and health check-ups in 2017 were analyzed.

Risk Assessment of Mortality in Elderly Individuals: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Introduction: There are several methods that are used to predict emergency room visits or rehospitalization for the elderly. However, existing risk assessment models of mortality in elderly people are limited. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the factors that affect all-cause mortality and to show the risk assessment model of mortality in elderly Koreans.

Clinical Practice Guidelines for Managing Frailty in Community-Dwelling Korean Elderly Adults in Primary Care Settings.

Aging has become a global problem, and the interest in healthy aging is growing. Healthy aging involves a focus on the maintenance of the function and well-being of elderly adults, rather than a specific disease. Thus, the management of frailty, which is an accumulated decline in function, is important for healthy aging.

Eating Alone and Cognitive Decline in Korean Older Adults: A 3-Year Prospective Study.

Background: Eating alone is a critical factor in nutritional risk screening among older adults. We investigated whether changes in eating status (eating alone or with others) in late-life affected cognitive decline in community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: We used data from the Survey of the Living Conditions and Welfare Needs of Korean Older Persons.

Fall predictors beyond fall risk assessment tool items for acute hospitalized older adults: a matched case-control study.

We investigated whether clinical factors including comorbidities, medications, and laboratory results predict inpatient fall risk in older adults. The participants in this case-control study included hospitalized older adults with acute conditions who had falls during their hospital stay (case group) and 410 hospitalized older adults who did not experience falls (control group). Data on medical history, fall risk assessment (Morse Fall Scale; MFS), medications, and laboratory results were obtained.

Variabilities in Weight and Waist Circumference and Risk of Myocardial Infarction, Stroke, and Mortality: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background: Evidence regarding the association between variabilities in obesity measures and health outcomes is limited. We aimed to examine the association between variabilities in obesity measures and cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality.

Methods: We identified 4,244,460 individuals who underwent health examination conducted by the Korean National Health Insurance Service during 2012, with ≥3 anthropometric measurements between 2009 and 2012.

Clinical Features of Geriatric Syndromes in Older Koreans with Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: This study explored the prevalence and clinical characteristics of geriatric syndromes among Korean older adults with diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods: We used data from the 2017 National Survey of Older Koreans to analyze the classic geriatric syndromes of polypharmacy, urinary incontinence, falls, cognitive impairment, and functional impairment according to the presence of DM.

Results: Among 10,299 participants aged 65 years or older, 2,395 had DM.

Association Between Sodium Density and Grip Strength Among Older Korean Adults: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: Handgrip strength is a key diagnostic criterion for sarcopenia, and sodium is an essential mineral for muscle contraction. We investigated the association between grip strength and sodium intake using sodium density.

Patients And Methods: A total of 2982 older adults (aged ≥65 years) from the 2014-2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were included.

Association between menstrual cycle irregularity and tinnitus: a nationwide population-based study.

This population-based cross-sectional study investigated the association between menstrual cycle irregularity and tinnitus in premenopausal Korean women. We used data from the 5th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010-2012). A total of 4633 premenopausal women were included.

Obesity, abdominal obesity and subsequent risk of kidney cancer: a cohort study of 23.3 million East Asians.

Background: Limited evidence exists regarding associations between obesity and kidney cancer among Asians. We examined the associations between obesity measures and risk of kidney cancer.

Methods: We included 23,313,046 adults who underwent health examinations provided by the Korean National Health Insurance Service 2009-2012 and performed multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analyses.

Sex differences in the relationship between cognitive impairment and overweight or obesity in late life: A 3-year prospective study.

The relationship between body weight changes in late life and cognitive function is controversial.We investigated whether weight gain or loss in late life affected cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults over a 3-year period.Our study used data from the Survey of Living Conditions and Welfare Needs of Korean Older Persons and included 3859 subjects (aged ≥65 years) with normal cognition at baseline.

Association between Serum Selenium Level and the Presence of Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.

Background: Epidemiological studies have suggested an association between selenium (Se) and diabetes mellitus (DM). However, different studies have reported conflicting results. Therefore, we performed a comprehensive meta-analysis to clarify the impact of Se on DM.

Association between Body Fat and Bone Mineral Density in Normal-Weight Middle-Aged Koreans.

Background: Osteoporosis and osteopenia are characterized by reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and increased fracture risk. Although the risk of fractures is higher in underweight people than in overweight people, the accumulation of body fat (especially abdominal fat) can increase the risk of bone loss. This study aimed to evaluate the association between body fat percentage and BMD in normal-weight middle-aged Koreans.

Dipstick proteinuria predicts all-cause mortality in general population: A study of 17 million Korean adults.

Objective: A quantitative basis for the use of dipstick urinalysis for risk assessment of all-cause mortality is scarce. Therefore, we investigated the association between dipstick proteinuria and all-cause mortality in a general population and evaluated the effect of confounders on this association.

Methods: The study population included 17,342,956 adults who underwent health examinations between 2005 and 2008 under the National Health Insurance System.

Impact of body mass index and body weight variabilities on mortality: a nationwide cohort study.

Background/objectives: There is limited information regarding the impact of body mass index (BMI) and body weight (BWt) variabilities on mortality. This study aimed to investigate the association between BMI, BWt variabilities and subsequent mortality in the Korean population.

Subjects/methods: This study used a representative sample cohort enrolled in the national health examination program conducted by the Korean National Health Insurance Service, and 125,391 individuals were included and followed up until 2013 (mean follow-up period = 84 months).

The prevalence of hypertension in relation with the normal albuminuria range in type 2 diabetes mellitus within the South Korean population: The Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011-2012.

Aims: The coexistence of hypertension (HTN) and diabetes mellitus (DM) increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. In some studies, normal albuminuria has also been associated with cardiovascular disease and HTN. Therefore, we examined the relationships between albuminuria and the prevalence of HTN and its control rate in type 2 DM patients.

Efficacy and safety of fermented garlic extract on hepatic function in adults with elevated serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase levels: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

Purpose: Alcoholic liver disease or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis are well-known risk factors for liver fibrosis or cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma; it is a major global health concern, but there are few effective and safe management options. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effects of fermented garlic extracts (FGEs) on hepatic function in adults with mild hepatic dysfunction without underlying hepatic disease.

Methods: In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study, seventy-five adults with elevated serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) levels were included in a FGE-administered group (n = 36) or a placebo group (n = 39), and received either two sachets/day containing FGEs or placebo over a 12-week period.

Glomerular Filtration Rate and Urine Albumin to Creatinine Ratio Associated With Hearing Impairment Among Korean Adults With Diabetes: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.

The objective of this study was to examine the association of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urine albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) with hearing impairment among diabetic adults in Korea. The study was based on data from Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011 to 2012. Participants were 1206 diabetic adults, aged over 19 years, who completed audiometric testing supervised by nationally certified clinicians.

Tooth Loss and Metabolic Syndrome in South Korea: The 2012 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Unlabelled: To evaluate the relationship between tooth loss and metabolic syndrome (MS) in South Korean adults.

Subjects And Methods: A total of 3589 adults (1511 men and 2078 women aged over 40 years) from the 2012 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were included and divided into 3 groups according to the number of remaining teeth (0-19, 20-27, and 28). We recorded the number of remaining teeth and measured MS components such as waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, serum high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and triglyceride concentration.