Thirteen-week subcutaneous repeated dose toxicity study of butylparaben and its toxicokinetics in rats.

Parabens are widely used preservatives in cosmetics and pharmaceutical products and are approved as food additives. These chemicals have been considered safe for many years. However, the literature classifies parabens as endocrine-disrupting chemicals, and an assessment of their influence on the endocrine system and systemic toxicity is important.

Superhydrophobic, Elastic, and Conducting Polyurethane-Carbon Nanotube-Silane-Aerogel Composite Microfiber.

Flexible fibers composed of a conductive material mixed with a polymer matrix are useful in wearable electronic devices. However, the presence of the conductive material often reduces the flexibility of the fiber, while the conductivity may be affected by environmental factors such as water and moisture. To address these issues, we developed a new conductive fiber by mixing carbon nanotubes (CNT) with a polyurethane (PU) matrix.

Dual-site mixed layer-structured FA Cs SbICl Pb-free metal halide perovskite solar cells.

Structure engineering of trivalent metal halide perovskites (MHPs) such as ASbX (A = a monovalent cation such as methyl ammonium (MA), cesium (Cs), and formamidinium (FA) and X = a halogen such as I, Br, and Cl) is of great interest because a two dimensional (2D) layer structure with direct bandgap has narrower bandgap energy than a zero dimensional (0D) dimer structure with indirect bandgap. Here, we demonstrated 2D layer structured FACsSbICl MHP by dual-site (A and X site) mixing. Thanks to the lattice-symmetry change by I-Cl mixed halide, the shortest ionic radius of Cs, and the lower solution energy due to dual-site mixing, the FACsSbICl MHP had 2D layer structure and thereby the MHP solar cells exhibited improved short-circuit current density.

Thermally Stable Inorganic CsPbIBr Mesoscopic Metal Halide Perovskite Solar Submodules.

Highly efficient and thermally stable inorganic CsPbIBr mesoscopic metal halide perovskite (MHP) solar cells with a poly-3-hexylthiophene (P3HT) hole transporting layer (HTL) are demonstrated by spin-washing of the P3HT HTL since the light harvesting efficiency is improved by minimizing the coabsorption of light by P3HT, and the open-circuit voltage is enhanced because of the increased valence band maximum position of the spin-washed P3HT HTL. The spin-washed CsPbIBr MHP solar cell exhibited 1.24 V open-circuit voltage (), 14.

Risk assessment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) detected in sanitary pads.

Disposable sanitary pads are a necessity for women's health, but safety concerns regarding the use of these products have created anxiety. The aim of this study was to conduct a risk assessment of 74 volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which were expected to be contained within sanitary pads. Of the 74 VOCs, 50 were found in sanitary pads retailed in Korea at concentrations ranging from 0.

Potentiation of skin TSLP production by a cosmetic colorant leads to aggravation of dermatitis symptoms.

Certain cosmetic colorants are irritant to skin or aggravate dermatitis. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) plays an important role in the initiation and progress of skin inflammation and atopic dermatitis by triggering Th2 immune responses. However, the effects of cosmetic colorants on TSLP production are unknown yet.

Effects of stair task training on walking ability in stroke patients.

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to determine the effect of stair task training on gait abilities by conducting stair task training. In this training, step training is applied in various directions with hemiplegia patients. [Subjects and Methods] Thirty-six patients with stroke were selected on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria, and they were randomly divided into eighteen patients in the experimental group and eighteen patients in the control group via draw.

Effects of Kinesio taping and Mcconnell taping on balance and walking speed of hemiplegia patients.

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to evaluate the overlap effect of the PNF following the application of Kinesio taping and the McConnell taping, and also the impact of the taping application method on the balance and walking speed of the patients with stroke. [Subjects and Methods] Thirty-six patients who were diagnosed with hemiplegia due to stroke were selected as subjects of this study. They were randomly and evenly divided into experiment group 1 (Kinesio taping group), experiment group 2 (McConnell taping group), and the control group; each group had 12 patients.

LC-APCI-MS/MS Quantification and Topical Bioavailability of Chloroacetamide in Rats.

Chloroacetamide (CAA) is a preservative used in various cosmetic, personal care and household products. Due to the hazard potential for allergic reaction and reproductive toxicity, CAA is being considered a high priority for screening assessment and toxicological re-evaluation. This study describes the development of a highly specific and sensitive atmospheric pressure chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of CAA in rat plasma and its application to a topical bioavailability study.

The effect of muscle facilitation using kinesio taping on walking and balance of stroke patients.

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in function and balance after Kinesio Taping application in stroke patients. [Subjects and Methods] Thirty subjects were randomly divided into an experimental group and control group. The experimental group was applied taping before therapeutic exercise, and the control group received only therapeutic exercise.

Effects of shoulder stabilization exercise on pain and functional recovery of shoulder impingement syndrome patients.

[Purpose] This study examined the effects of scapular stabilization exercises immediately after surgery on pain and function in patients diagnosed with shoulder impingement syndrome. [Subjects] The subjects were assigned by random sampling to an experimental group (n=15) to which stabilization exercise was applied and a control group (n=15) to which ordinary physical treatment was applied. [Methods] To evaluate the degree of pain, a 100 mm visual analogue scale (VAS) was used.

The Effects of Taping Prior to PNF Treatment on Lower Extremity Proprioception of Hemiplegic Patients.

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of taping on the articular angle of the knee joint and on the functioning of patients with hemiplegia resulting from stroke. [Subjects] The subjects of this study were 30 patients who were diagnosed with hemiplegia due to stroke. The subjects were randomly assigned to either an experimental group which received proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation combination patterns and kinesio taping were applied, or a control group which received neurodevelopmental treatment.

A hybrid WDM/OCDMA ring with a dynamic add/drop function based on Fourier code for local area networks.

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a hybrid WDM/OCDMA ring with a dynamic add/drop function based on Fourier code for local area networks. Dynamic function is implemented by mechanically tuning the Fourier encoder/decoder for optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) encoding/decoding. Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) is utilized for node assignment and 4-chip Fourier code recovers the matched signal from the codes.

[Metronidazole In Amoebiasis: 1. The Use Of Metronidazole On The Treatment Of Hepatic And Pulmonary Amoebiasis].

Total 9 cases of extraintestinal amoebiasis, amebic liver abscess and amebic lung abscess, were treated with metronidazole. The diagnosis and progress check were done by (1) stool examination, (2) size and pain of liver, (3) hematological examination, (4) urinanalysis, (5) X-ray or liver scanning (6) examination of aspirated pus from liver and (7) immobilization test of E. histolytica.