Comparative study of different pretreatment methods on peanut oil quality characteristics, anti-oxidation attributes, and phenolic compound compositions.

The peanuts heat pretreatment is a crucial step for the following oil extraction, influencing both efficiency and oil quality. The present study investigated the effects of oven roasting (OR, 150 °C, 25 min), infrared ray roasting (IRR, 150 °C, 25 min), and microwave roasting (MR, 700 W, 5 min) on the quality characteristics, anti-oxidation attributes, and phenolic compound compositions of peanut oil. All pretreatment methods changed the physicochemical properties and bioactive compounds of peanut oil.

Monomethyl Branched-Chain Fatty Acids Suppress M1 Macrophage Polarization via FABP4/PPAR-γ Signaling Pathway.

Scope: Monomethyl-branched chain fatty acids (mmBCFAs) are found in a variety of food sources and are of great interest due to their potent antiinflammatory properties. However, most of the current researches have concentrated on the relationship between mmBCFAs and intestinal inflammation, and there is a large gap in the biological mechanisms involved behind their antiinflammatory effects.

Methods And Results: The present study examines the role of mmBCFAs in modulating macrophage polarization.

The tumor suppressor Parkin exerts anticancer effects through regulating mitochondrial GAPDH activity.

Cancer cells preferentially utilize glycolysis for energy production, and GAPDH is a critical enzyme in glycolysis. Parkin is a tumor suppressor and a key protein involved in mitophagy regulation. However, the tumor suppression mechanism of Parkin has still not been elucidated.

Cannabidiol (CBD) Inhibits Foam Cell Formation via Regulating Cholesterol Homeostasis and Lipid Metabolism.

Scope: The cannabidiol (CBD) in hemp oil has important pharmacological activities. Accumulating evidence suggests that CBD is beneficial in the cardiovascular system and has been applied as a health supplement for atherosclerosis. However, the mechanism remains unclear.

Non-targeted mass spectrometry and feature-based molecular networking for determination of branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids in milk.

Branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) represent trace lipids with significant natural biological functions. While exogenous FAHFAs have been extensively studied, research on FAHFAs in milk remains limited, constraining our grasp of their nutritional roles. This study introduces a non-targeted mass spectrometry approach combined with chemical networking of spectral fragmentation patterns to uncover FAHFAs.

Multiomics Analysis Revealed Colorectal Cancer Pathogenesis.

Gut microbiota-derived microbial compounds may link to the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the role of the host-microbiome in the incidence and progression of CRC remains elusive. We performed 16S rRNA sequencing, metabolomics, and proteomic studies on samples from 85 CRC patients who underwent colonoscopy examination and found two distinct changed patterns of microbiome in CRC patients.

Effect of coffee, tea and alcohol intake on circulating inflammatory cytokines: a two sample-Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Despite the abundance of research examining the effects of coffee, tea, and alcohol on inflammatory diseases, there is a notable absence of conclusive evidence regarding their direct causal influence on circulating inflammatory cytokines. Previous studies have primarily concentrated on established cytokines, neglecting the potential impact of beverage consumption on lesser-studied but equally important cytokines.

Methods: Information regarding the consumption of coffee, tea, and alcohol was collected from the UK Biobank, with sample sizes of 428,860, 447,485, and 462,346 individuals, respectively.

Advances in encapsulation systems of Antarctic krill oil: From extraction to encapsulation, and future direction.

Antarctic krill oil (AKO) is highly sought after by consumers and the food industry due to its richness in a variety of nutrients and physiological activities. However, current extraction methods are not sufficient to better extract AKO and its nutrients, and AKO is susceptible to lipid oxidation during processing and storage, leading to nutrient loss and the formation of off-flavors and toxic compounds. The development of various extraction methods and encapsulation systems for AKO to improve oil yield, nutritional value, antioxidant capacity, and bioavailability has become a research hotspot.

Prevention of Hypercholesterolemia with "Liposomes in Microspheres" Composite Carriers: A Promising Approach for Intestinal-Targeted Oral Delivery of Astaxanthin.

Cardiovascular diseases are caused by hypercholesterolemia. Astaxanthin (AST) has been reported to exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, its bioavailability is poor because of low solubility and instability.

MS based foodomics: An edge tool integrated metabolomics and proteomics for food science.

Foodomics has become a popular methodology in food science studies. Mass spectrometry (MS) based metabolomics and proteomics analysis played indispensable roles in foodomics research. So far, several methodologies have been developed to detect the metabolites and proteins in diets and consumers, including sample preparation, MS data acquisition, annotation and interpretation.

The chemical and biological characteristics of fatty acid esters of hydroxyl fatty acids.

With the continuous advancements in detection methods and the exploration of unknown substances, an increasing number of bioactive compounds are being discovered. Fatty acid esters of hydroxyl fatty acids (FAHFAs), a class of endogenous lipids found in 2014, exhibit various physiological activities, such as improving glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, stimulating insulin secretion, and demonstrating broad anti-inflammatory effects. Moreover, some FAHFAs are closely linked to intestinal health and can serve as potential biomarkers for gut health.

Development and application of mass spectrometric molecular networking for analyzing the ingredients of areca nut.

Areca nut ( L.) is commonly consumed as a chewing food in the Asian region. However, the investigations into the components of areca nut are limited.

SpecLipIDA: a pseudotargeted lipidomics approach for polyunsaturated fatty acids in milk.

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as arachidonic acid (ARA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), play an important role in the nutritional value of milk lipids. However, a comprehensive analysis of PUFAs and their esters in milk is still scarce. In this study, we developed a novel pseudotargeted lipidomics approach, named SpecLipIDA, for determining PUFA lipids in milk.

Multiomics analysis revealed the mechanism of the anti-diabetic effect of Salecan.

Salecan, a natural β-glucan compromising nine residues connected by β-(1 → 3)/α-(1 → 3) glycosidic bonds, is one of the newly approved food ingredients. Salecan has multiple health-improving effects, yet its mechanism against Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains poorly understood. In this study, the hypoglycemic effect and underlying mechanism of Salecan intervention on STZ-induced diabetic model mice were investigated.

Windows Scanning Multiomics: Integrated Metabolomics and Proteomics.

Metabolomics and proteomics offer significant advantages in understanding biological mechanisms at two hierarchical levels. However, conventional single omics analysis faces challenges due to the high demand for specimens and the complexity of intrinsic associations. To obtain comprehensive and accurate system biological information, we developed a multiomics analytical method called Windows Scanning Multiomics (WSM).

The digestion fates of lipids with different unsaturated levels in people with different age groups.

The digestion behavior of lipids plays a crucial role in their nutritional bioaccessibility, which subsequently impacts human health. This study aims to investigate potential variations in lipid digestion profiles among individuals of different ages, considering the distinct physiological functions of the gastrointestinal tract in infants, aging populations, and healthy young adults. The digestion fates of high oleic peanut oil (HOPO), sunflower oil (SO), and linseed oil (LINO) were investigated using in vitro digestion models representing infants, adults, and elders.

Development and application of a pseudotargeted lipidomics method for alkylglycerol analysis.

Alkylglycerols (1-O-alkyl-sn-glycerols) are microscale but critical lipids in foods. Conventional lipidomics analysis often loses sight of alkylglycerol analysis. In this study, we developed a high coverage pseudotargeted lipidomics method for analyzing alkylglycerols.

Oilomics: An important branch of foodomics dealing with oil science and technology.

Oil is one of three nutritious elements. The application of omics techniques in the field of oil science and technology is attracted increasing attention. Oilomics, which emerged as an important branch of foodomics, has been widely used in various aspects of oil science and technology.

Dietary fatty acids activate or deactivate brown and beige fat.

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) and beige fat have been documented to rapidly consume fatty acids (FAs) rather than deposit of lipid, and they have high capacity to dissipate energy via nonshivering thermogenesis, making BAT and beige fat potential organs to fight obesity and related chronic diseases. As the main substrate for thermogenesis and the basic constituent unit of triacylglycerol, FAs could modify BAT and remodel white adipose tissue (WAT) to beige fat. However, there are few comprehensive review covering the link between dietary FAs and thermogenic adipocyte.

Association of branched-chain fatty acids with metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

: branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs) have recently emerged as a group of functional fatty acids that are widely distributed in various foodstuffs, including dairy products, ruminant meat products, and fermented foods. Several studies have investigated the differences in the levels of BCFAs among individuals with varying risks of metabolic syndrome (MetS). In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis to explore the relationship between BCFAs and MetS, and to assess the feasibility of BCFAs as potential biomarkers for diagnosing MetS.

Proteomic analysis reveals the mechanisms of the astaxanthin suppressed foam cell formation.

Aims: Lipid metabolism in macrophages plays a key role in atherosclerosis development. Excessive low-density lipoprotein taken by macrophages leads to foam cell formation. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of astaxanthin on foam cells, and using mass spectrometry-based proteomic approaches to identified the protein expression changes of foam cells.