Publications by authors named "Yong-Il Hwang"

Article Synopsis
  • This study compared data from a multicenter cohort study and nationwide respiratory virus data to assess whether they represent similarities in causative factors for COPD and asthma exacerbations.
  • The results showed strong correlations between respiratory viruses (like RSV and influenza) in both data sources, with some showing high synchronicity while others indicated low synchronicity.
  • It also found distinct seasonal patterns for these viruses, confirming that this was the first study to analyze and report the relationship between cohort study data and nationwide surveillance on respiratory viruses.
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Article Synopsis
  • Phlegm is a common issue for patients with COPD, and this study investigated the effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) nebulizer therapy on reducing this symptom over 12 weeks.
  • A total of 100 COPD patients participated in the trial, showing a significant reduction in phlegm scores from 3.47 to 2.62 after treatment, with over half of the patients reporting satisfaction.
  • The study concluded that nebulized NAC is both effective and safe, with only a small number of patients experiencing mild adverse events.
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Background: COPD causes substantial economic burden on healthcare. Alternative treatment strategies for COPD can be associated with different costs dependent upon their relative safety and effectiveness. We compared costs and healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) associated with LAMA or LABA/ICS initiation.

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Background: Acute bronchitis is the most common respiratory disease. Mixture of Ivy Leaf Extract and Coptidis rhizome syrup has shown good treatment efficacy against chronic bronchitis and acute respiratory infections. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Mixture of Ivy Leaf Extract and Coptidis rhizome compared with those of extract, for the treatment of acute bronchitis.

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Background: Asthma has been suggested to be a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), although the evidence supporting this relationship is inconclusive. This study aimed to explore the long-term associations between asthma and asthma exacerbations with the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) such as ischemic heart disease (IHD), heart failure (HF), and cerebral stroke, utilizing data from a nationwide cohort.

Materials And Methods: This study utilized data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort database (2002-2015), including information on 111,316 asthma patients and an equal number of 1:1 matched control participants.

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The Lancet Commissions on COPD recommended a new classification based on five main risk factors. Patients with COPD were prospectively enrolled in a Korean COPD subgroup study cohort between April 2012 and June 2022. Patients were classified according to the etiologies (Type 1: Genetically determined (COPD-G), Type 2: Abnormal lung development (COPD-D), Type 3: Infections (COPD-I), Type 4: Cigarette smoking (COPD-C), Type 5: Biomass and pollution (COPD-P)).

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Background: Different progressions or prognoses of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have been reported according to structural abnormalities based on chest computed tomography (CT). This study aimed to investigate whether different structural abnormalities independently affect annual lung function changes and clinical prognosis in patients with COPD.

Methods: This longitudinal multicenter observational study was conducted using the KOCOSS cohort (NCT02800499) database in Korea from January 2012 to December 2019.

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Background: Viral infection is a risk factor for asthma exacerbation (AE). However, bacterial infections related to AE in adults are poorly known. On the other hand, obese patients with asthma have their own clinical and biological characteristics compared with non-obese patients.

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Background: Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI)-2012 reference equation is currently suggested for interpretation of spirometry results and a new local reference equation has been developed in South Korea. However, lung function profiles according to the different reference equations and their clinical relevance have not been identified in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients.

Methods: Our cross-sectional study evaluated Choi's, Korean National Health and National Examination Survey (KNHANES)-VI, and GLI-2012 reference equations.

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Objective: The clinical manifestations of tuberculosis (TB) range from asymptomatic to disseminated depending on the microbiological and immunological status, making the diagnosis challenging. To improve our understanding of the disease progression mechanism, we aimed to identify the characteristics of subclinical TB and important predictors of symptom development.

Methods: From July 2018 to June 2019, we systemically collected data from the National Surveillance System of South Korea on patients with pulmonary TB, and compared the characteristics of subclinical and active symptomatic TB patients.

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Background: Poor nutrition increases disease severity and mortality in patients with tuberculosis (TB). There are gaps in our understanding of the effects of being underweight or overweight on TB in relation to sex.

Methods: We generated a nationwide TB registry database and assessed the effects of body mass index (BMI) on mortality in patients with pulmonary TB.

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Background: There is ongoing debate regarding the diagnostic criteria for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); recent studies have focused on the early COPD detection and management. Here, we compared clinical features and prognosis in patients with FEV1/FVC<0.70 at baseline, according to normalized airflow obstruction status during follow-up.

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Background: The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) update 2023 proposed new definitions of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and COPD exacerbation. However, an agreement on the definitions has not been made, either internationally or domestically. This study aimed to reach an agreement between experts on the new definitions of COPD and COPD exacerbation in South Korea.

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Few studies have directly compared the incidence of pneumonia in patients on common chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) treatments such as long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) with those on inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting β-agonist (ICS/LABA). Moreover, risk factors for pneumonia in COPD are still unclear. We aimed to compare the incidence of pneumonia in COPD patients on LAMA and those on ICS/LABA and explored the risk factors associated with pneumonia.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study highlights that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is prevalent among older adults, with nearly one-third of those aged 70 and above diagnosed with the condition in South Korea.
  • Using data from a national health survey between 2015 and 2019, the overall COPD prevalence was found to be 12.9%, remaining fairly consistent over the years.
  • Key risk factors for COPD included being older (70+), asthma, male sex, and current smoking, while higher body mass index (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m²) showed an inverse relationship with the disease.
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Background: Rapid forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) decliners have been considered a unique subgroup of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Rapid FEV1 decline manifests early and is associated with poor prognosis. This necessitates the pre-emptive identification of risk factors for rapid FEV1 decline.

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Background/aims: Pulmonary toxicities of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination are exceedingly rare. However, there are a few reported cases after mRNA vaccination, especially from Asian countries. The purpose of this study was to report the clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 vaccine-related pneumonitis (CV-P) and to review cases reported in the literature.

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Background: In tuberculosis (TB) treatment, adverse drug reactions (ADRs) can interrupt treatment and decrease the quality of life (QoL). We aimed to prospectively investigate the incidence of ADRs to first-line anti-TB drugs and related outcomes and QoL.

Methods: Adult patients with TB who had been treated with first-line anti-TB drugs in five Korean hospitals were enrolled.

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Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) block acid secretion from gastric parietal cells; however, recent studies have reported that PPIs have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in various cells. Newer PPIs are stronger inhibitors of acid secretion; however, the anti-inflammatory effects of these drugs have not been assessed. We evaluated anti-inflammatory effect of PPIs on the development of asthma/asthma exacerbation (AE) in a national health screening cohort.

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Background: Home oxygen therapy is well known to improve survival among patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In Korea, home oxygen therapy has been reimbursed by national health care insurance since 2006. However, an adequate management strategy for home oxygen therapy is not yet established in Korea.

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Purpose: Data regarding the relationship between microbiologic features and comorbidities in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) are limited. The aim of this study was to correlate microbiologic findings with comorbidities in patients with moderate to severe AECOPD.

Patients And Methods: This multicenter observational study included patients with AECOPD seen at 28 hospitals in South Korea between January 2015 and December 2018, and the data were retrospectively collected.

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Background: Statins have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, and previous studies have reported the positive effects of statins on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) outcomes. However, the effects of statins on the development and acute exacerbations of COPD remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the relation between statin use and COPD occurrence in all participants and the link between statin use and COPD acute exacerbations in participants with COPD.

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Background And Objective: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with a body mass index (BMI) < 25 kg/m are prone to develop adverse event of pharmacological treatment for frequent exacerbation. As chronic bronchitis (CB) is one of the strong risk factors of exacerbation, we investigated the associations between BMI and COPD exacerbations in patients with CB.

Methods: Patients with COPD were included from the Korean COPD Subgroup Study (KOCOSS), a multicenter observational cohort study.

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Background: The remarkable efficacy of osimertinib in non‒small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with acquired T790M mutation has been widely documented in clinical trials and real-world practice. However, some patients show primary resistance to this drug. Even patients who initially show a favorable response have inconsistent clinical outcomes later.

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