Novel management of expected post-radiotherapy complications in hepatocellular carcinoma patients: a case report.

In recent years, radiotherapy (RT) has been used to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at each stage. This clinical trend has developed with the increasing improvement of RT techniques, which show clinical results comparable to those of other treatment modalities. Intensity-modulated radiotherapy uses a high radiation dose to improve treatment effectiveness.

[Case Reports of Intravascular Treatment for Gastrointestinal Bleeding Associated with Pancreatitis: Hemosuccus Pancreaticus and Pancreaticocolic Fistula].

Elderly patients with a history of chronic alcoholism presented to our hospital with episodes of melena, abdominal pain, and anemia. During admission, hemorrhagic cystic lesion at the pancreas was observed on abdominal CT. Transcatheter angiography confirmed active bleeding foci and arterial embolization was performed.

Perilesional emphysema as a predictor of risk of complications from computed tomography-guided transthoracic lung biopsy.

Purpose: This study evaluated whether or not patterns of emphysema and their qualitative and quantitative severity can predict the risk of complications with post-computed tomography (CT)-guided transthoracic lung biopsy (TTLB).

Materials And Methods: Three hundred and ninety-seven patients who underwent CT-guided TTLB in 2010-2018 were retrospectively reviewed. The severity of emphysema and presence of perilesional emphysema were assessed visually using the Fleischner Society classification.

Pretreatment of Populus tomentiglandulosa protects hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons from ischemia-reperfusion injury in gerbils via increasing SODs expressions and maintaining BDNF and IGF-I expressions.

To examine the effects of Populus tomentiglandulosa (PT) extract on the expressions of antioxidant enzymes and neurotrophic factors in the cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) region of the hippocampus at 5 min after inducing transient global cerebral ischemia (TGCI) in gerbils, TGCI was induced by occlusion of common carotid arteries for 5 min. Before ischemic surgery, 200 mg·kg PT extract was orally administrated once daily for 7 d. We performed neuronal nuclear antigen immunohistochemistry and Fluoro-Jade B staining.

Pancreatic Metastasis from Adenocarcinoma of the Uterine Cervix.

Pancreatic metastasis from cervical cancer is extremely rare. We report a case of metastatic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas from uterine cervical cancer. A 70-year-old woman was referred because of a pancreatic mass detected by CT.

Percutaneous cholecystostomy for biliary decompression in patients with cholangitis and pancreatitis.

Objective This study was performed to assess the effectiveness and safety of percutaneous cholecystostomy (PC) for biliary decompression. Methods We retrospectively analyzed our institution's PC database from March 2015 to August 2017 and selected patients with biliary obstruction. The primary outcomes were the technical and clinical success rates.

Extract Promotes Neurogenesis in the Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus of the Adult Mouse through Increasing Expressions of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Tropomyosin-Related Kinase B.

Background: Glehnia littoralis has been used for traditional Asian medicine, which has diverse therapeutic activities. However, studies regarding neurogenic effects of G. littoralis have not yet been considered.

Neuronal loss and gliosis in the rat striatum subjected to 15 and 30 minutes of middle cerebral artery occlusion.

Selective neuronal death or loss in certain brain regions has been well characterized in animal models of transient global cerebral ischemia. However, selective neuronal death in transient focal cerebral ischemia needs more investigation. Therefore, in this study, we studied selective neuronal death in the striatum (caudate putamen) of rats subjected to 15 or 30 min middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO).

Pre-treated extract inhibits neuronal loss and alleviates gliosis in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 area induced by transient global cerebral ischemia.

The genus (poplar) belonging to the Salicaceae family has been used in traditional medicine, and its several species show various pharmacological properties including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. No study regarding protective effects of species against cerebral ischemia has been reported. Therefore, in the present study, we examined neuroprotective effects of ethanol extract from (Korea poplar) in the hippocampal cornu ammonis (CA1) area of gerbils subjected to 5 minutes of transient global cerebral ischemia.

Vanillin improves scopolamine‑induced memory impairment through restoration of ID1 expression in the mouse hippocampus.

4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde (vanillin), contained in a number of species of plant, has been reported to display beneficial effects against brain injuries. In the present study, the impact of vanillin on scopolamine‑induced alterations in cognition and the expression of DNA binding protein inhibitor ID‑1 (ID1), one of the inhibitors of DNA binding/differentiation proteins that regulate gene transcription, in the mouse hippocampus. Mice were treated with 1 mg/kg scopolamine with or without 40 mg/kg vanillin once daily for 4 weeks.

Effects of Scopolamine and Melatonin Cotreatment on Cognition, Neuronal Damage, and Neurogenesis in the Mouse Dentate Gyrus.

It has been demonstrated that melatonin plays important roles in memory improvement and promotes neurogenesis in experimental animals. We examined effects of melatonin on cognitive deficits, neuronal damage, cell proliferation, neuroblast differentiation and neuronal maturation in the mouse dentate gyrus after cotreatment of scopolamine (anticholinergic agent) and melatonin. Scopolamine (1 mg/kg) and melatonin (10 mg/kg) were intraperitoneally injected for 2 and/or 4 weeks to 8-week-old mice.

Effects of long‑term scopolamine treatment on cognitive deficits and calcium binding proteins immunoreactivities in the mouse hippocampus.

GABAergic projections terminate on numerous hippocampal interneurons containing calcium binding proteins (CBPs), including calbindin D‑28k (CB), calretinin (CR) and parvalbumin (PV). Memory deficits and expression levels of CB, CR, and PV were examined in the hippocampal subregions following systemic scopolamine (Scop; 1 mg/kg) treatment for 4 weeks in mice. Scop treatment induced significant memory deficits from 1 week after Scop treatment.

Age-dependent differences in myelin basic protein expression in the hippocampus of young, adult and aged gerbils.

Myelin degeneration is one of the characteristics of aging and degenerative diseases. This study investigated age-related alterations in expression of myelin basic protein (MBP) in the hippocampal subregions (dentate gyrus, CA2/3 and CA1 areas) of gerbils of various ages; young (1 month), adult (6 months) and aged (24 months), using western blot and immunohistochemistry. Western blot results showed tendencies of age-related reductions of MBP levels.

Immunoreactivities of calbindin‑D28k, calretinin and parvalbumin in the somatosensory cortex of rodents during normal aging.

Calbindin‑D28k (CB), calretinin (CR) and parvalbumin (PV), which regulate cytosolic free Ca2+ concentrations in neurons, are chemically expressed in γ‑aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons that regulate the degree of glutamatergic excitation and output of projection neurons. The present study investigated age‑associated differences in CB, CR and PV immunoreactivities in the somatosensory cortex in three species (mice, rats and gerbils) of young (1 month), adult (6 months) and aged (24 months) rodents, using immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Abundant CB‑immunoreactive neurons were distributed in layers II and III, and age‑associated alterations in their number were different according to the species.

Melatonin Improves Cognitive Deficits via Restoration of Cholinergic Dysfunction in a Mouse Model of Scopolamine-Induced Amnesia.

Melatonin is known to improve cognitive deficits, and its functions have been studied in various disease models, including Alzheimer's disease. In this study, we investigated effects of melatonin on cognition and the cholinergic system of the septum and hippocampus in a mouse model of scopolamine-induced amnesia. Scopolamine (1 mg/kg) and melatonin (10 mg/kg) were administered intraperitoneally to mice for 2 and 4 weeks.

Neuroprotective effects of ischemic preconditioning on hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons through maintaining calbindin D28k immunoreactivity following subsequent transient cerebral ischemia.

Ischemic preconditioning elicited by a non-fatal brief occlusion of blood flow has been applied for an experimental therapeutic strategy against a subsequent fatal ischemic insult. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of ischemic preconditioning (2-minute transient cerebral ischemia) on calbindin D28k immunoreactivity in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 area following a subsequent fatal transient ischemic insult (5-minute transient cerebral ischemia). A large number of pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal CA1 area died 4 days after 5-minute transient cerebral ischemia.

G protein, phosphorylated-GATA4 and VEGF expression in the hearts of transgenic mice overexpressing β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors.

β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors (ARs) regulate cardiac contractility, calcium handling and protein phosphorylation. The present study aimed to examine the expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF‑A) and several G proteins, and the phosphorylation of transcription factor GATA binding protein 4 (GATA4), by western blot analysis, using isolated hearts from 6 month‑old transgenic (TG) mice that overexpress β1AR or β2AR. Cardiac contractility/relaxation and heart rate was increased in both β1AR TG and β2AR TG mouse hearts compared with wild type; however, no significant differences were observed between the β1‑ and β2AR TG mouse hearts.

Transient Cerebral Ischemia Alters GSK-3β and p-GSK-3β Immunoreactivity in Pyramidal Neurons and Induces p-GSK-3β Expression in Astrocytes in the Gerbil Hippocampal CA1 Area.

Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) is a key downstream protein in the PI3K/Akt pathway. Phosphorylation of serine 9 of GSK-3β (GSK-3β activity inhibition) promotes cell survival. In this study, we examined changes in expressions of GSK-3β and phosphorylation of GSK-3β (p-GSK-3β) in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 area after 5 min of transient cerebral ischemia.

MRI Evaluation of cooperative and non-cooperative patients with non-traumatic acute abdominal pain - preliminary observations.

Purpose: To compare diagnostic performance of two MRI protocols, motion resistant and conventional breath-hold, in patients with acute abdominal pain.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-five patients unable to breath-hold underwent a motion-resistant protocol (Radial group). Twenty-seven patients able to breath-hold underwent conventional protocol.

Lobulated margination of liver hemangiomas: Is this a definitive feature?

Purpose: To evaluate the occurrence rate of lobulated margination of hepatic hemangiomas.

Methods: The study population included 585 hemangiomas in 261 patients (161 females; mean age: 51.9years).

Increased cyclooxygenase-2 and nuclear factor-κB/p65 expression in mouse hippocampi after systemic administration of tetanus toxin.

Brain inflammation has a crucial role in various diseases of the central nervous system. The hippocampus in the mammalian brain exerts an important memory function, which is sensitive to various insults, including inflammation induced by exo/endotoxin stimuli. Tetanus toxin (TeT) is an exotoxin with the capacity for neuronal binding and internalization.

Inter- and intra-individual comparative study of two gadolinium-based agents: A pilot study.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate the acute adverse events rate and enhancement properties of gadoterate meglumine (Dotarem(®)) and gadobenate dimeglumine (MultiHance(®)) in a small-scale controlled double-blinded study, using inter- and intra-individual comparisons.

Materials And Methods: Forty-one randomly selected patients were scanned with Dotarem(®). The rate of adverse reactions, qualitative and quantitative image evaluation was performed vs.

Sonography of the first metatarsophalangeal joint and sonographically guided intraarticular injection of corticosteroid in acute gout attack.

Objective: The aims of this study were to identify the characteristic ultrasound (US) findings of the first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ1) in acute gout attack and to evaluate the efficacy and safety of US-guided intraarticular corticosteroid injection of the MTPJ1.

Methods: We enrolled 21 patients with acute gout attack involving the MTPJ1 unilaterally. US evaluation of each affected MTPJ1 was compared with radiographic features.

Body MR imaging: fast, efficient, and comprehensive.

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging plays an important role in assessment of the full range of abdominal disease. The appropriate use of cooperative and motion-resistant protocols can allow accurate determination of the character of focal lesions in the abdomen under most circumstances. This article discusses current MR techniques and the proper use of MR imaging in the diagnostic evaluation of cooperative and noncooperative patients.

Perilesional enhancement of liver cavernous hemangiomas in magnetic resonance imaging.

Objective: To evaluate on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) the occurrence rate of temporal perilesional parenchymal enhancement (PPE) associated with hepatic hemangiomas in a large consecutive series and to determine which aspects are associated with this observation.

Materials And Methods: Institutional review board approved this retrospective study. A computerized search of the MRI database was performed for consecutive patients between January 2008 and January 2012.