Corrigendum: Role and mechanism of DNA methylation and its inhibitors in hepatic fibrosis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.

Role and mechanism of DNA methylation and its inhibitors in hepatic fibrosis.

Liver fibrosis is a repair response to injury caused by various chronic stimuli that continually act on the liver. Among them, the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and their transformation into a myofibroblast phenotype is a key event leading to liver fibrosis, however the mechanism has not yet been elucidated. The molecular basis of HSC activation involves changes in the regulation of gene expression without changes in the genome sequence, namely, epigenetic regulation.

Diagnosing cervical lymph node metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma based on third-generation dual-source, dual-energy computed tomography.

Objectives: To investigate the potential of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) parameters in identifying metastatic cervical lymph nodes in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients and to explore the relationships between DECT and pathological features.

Methods: Clinical and DECT data were collected from patients who underwent radical resection of OSCC and cervical lymph node dissection between November 2019 and June 2021. Microvascular density was assessed using the Weidner counting method.

Prediction of lung malignancy progression and survival with machine learning based on pre-treatment FDG-PET/CT.

Background: Pre-treatment FDG-PET/CT scans were analyzed with machine learning to predict progression of lung malignancies and overall survival (OS).

Methods: A retrospective review across three institutions identified patients with a pre-procedure FDG-PET/CT and an associated malignancy diagnosis. Lesions were manually and automatically segmented, and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) were trained using FDG-PET/CT inputs to predict malignancy progression.

Multiparameter magnetic resonance imaging of liver fibrosis in a bile duct ligation mouse model.

Background: Bile duct ligation (BDL) in animals is a classical method for mimicking cholestatic fibrosis. Although different surgical techniques have been described in rats and rabbits, mouse models can be more cost-effective and reproducible for investigating cholestatic fibrosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has made great advances for noninvasive assessment of liver fibrosis.

Sodium Butyrate Pre-Treatment Enhance Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BM-MSCs) into Hepatocytes and Improve Liver Injury.

Objective: The treatment of liver failure by stem cell transplantation has attracted growing interest. Herein, we aim to explore the role of sodium butyrate (NaB) in the hepatic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) under liver-specific factors induction in vitro and vivo.

Materials & Methods: We isolated BM-MSCs from the mononuclear cell fraction of rabbit bone marrow samples and identified the cells by Immunophenotypic analysis.

Characterizing Fibrosis and Inflammation in a Partial Bile Duct Ligation Mouse Model by Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Background: Partial bile duct ligation (PBDL) model is a reliable cholestatic fibrosis experimental model that showed complex histopathological changes. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of PBDL have not been well characterized.

Purpose: To investigate the potential of MRI parameters in assessing fibrosis in PBDL and explore the relationships between MRI and pathological features.

TNF-α regulates the early development of avascular necrosis of the femoral head by mediating osteoblast autophagy and apoptosis via the p38 MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Previous studies have shown that the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels in serum and bone tissues formed in avascular necrosis of femoral head (ANFH) patients were higher than those of normal individuals, indicating TNF-α might play a role in the pathogenesis of ANFH. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to show the pathological changes of ANFH bone tissues.

Deep Learning Based on MR Imaging for Predicting Outcome of Uterine Fibroid Embolization.

Purpose: To develop and validate a deep learning model based on routine magnetic resonance (MR) imaging obtained before uterine fibroid embolization to predict procedure outcome.

Materials And Methods: Clinical data were collected on patients treated with uterine fibroid embolization at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania from 2007 to 2018. Fibroids for each patient were manually segmented by an abdominal radiologist on a T1-weighted contrast-enhanced (T1C) sequence and a T2-weighted sequence of MR imaging obtained before and after embolization.

Continuous zebularine treatment enhances hepatic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells under liver-specific factors induction in vitro.

Aims: To investigate the effect of zebularine, a stable inhibitor of DNA methylation, on hepatic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) under liver-specific factors induction in vitro.

Main Methods: BM-MSCs were isolated from the mononuclear cell fraction of rabbit bone marrow samples. The identification of these cells was carried out by immunophenotype analysis.

Zebularine Promotes Hepatic Differentiation of Rabbit Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Interfering with p38 MAPK Signaling.

Demethylating agent zebularine is reported to be capable of inducing differentiation of stem cells by activation of methylated genes, though its function in hepatocyte differentiation is unclear. p38 signal pathway is involved in differentiation of hepatocytes and regulating of DNA methyltransferases 1 (DNMT1) expression. However, little is known about the impact of zebularine on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) and p38 signaling during hepatic differentiation.

Rosiglitazone inhibits TGF-β 1 induced activation of human Tenon fibroblasts via p38 signal pathway.

Purpose: Transdifferentiation of human Tenon fibroblasts to myofibroblasts and subsequent deposition of extracellular matrix is a key step in the scarring after glaucoma filtration surgery. The p38 signaling pathway plays an important role in cell proliferation and differentiation, and its upstream regulators and downstream molecules are widely distributed in the eye. We aimed to investigate the role of p38 in the activation of Tenon fibroblasts and that of the anti-fibrotic mechanism of rosiglitazone in the modulation of the p38 signaling pathway.

Episcleral macular buckling for posterior retinal detachment in silicone oil filled eyes associated with myopic macular hole.

Aim: To evaluate anatomical and visual outcomes of episcleral macular buckling (EMB) for posterior retinal detachment in silicone oil filled eyes associated with myopic macular hole.

Methods: Five cases of EMB for initial failure of retinal reattachment after internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling and silicone oil tamponade caused by myopic macular hole were retrospectively reviewed. A silicone sponge sutured directly across the macular region was performed on the silicone oil filled eyes.

Efficacy and necessity of prophylactic vitrectomy for acute retinal necrosis syndrome.

Aim: To compare the efficacy of prophylactic vitrectomy for acute retinal necrosis syndrome(ARN) with routine treatment in Chinese patients, thereby investigate the necessity of prophylactic vitrectomy for ARN.

Methods: Thirty patients (37 eyes) were retrospectively included in this study. The eyes were divided into 2 groups by treatment, including routine treatment, which consisted of antiviral medication and vitrectomy after retinal detachment (RD) (n=21), and prophylactic vitrectomy, which consisted of antiviral medication and vitrectomy for the prevention of RD performed during the active inflammatory phase (n=16).

Repeatability and agreement of CCT measurement in myopia using entacam and ultrasound pachymetry.

Aim: To evaluate the repeatability of central corneal thickness (CCT) measurement by entacam, and agreement of CCT measured by Pentacam and ultrasound pachymetry (USP) in Chinese myopia. Thereby investigate the possibility of Pentacam as a substitute for USP in CCT measurement before refractive surgery. The effects of corneal curvature measured by Pentacam on CCT were also evaluated.