Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Choroidal Hemangioma: A Single-Institute Series.

Objective: Choroidal hemangioma (CH) is a benign vascular tumor that induces subretinal fluid collection or exudative retinal detachment and consequent visual symptoms. Current standard treatments for CH include cryotherapy, diathermy, photocoagulation, photodynamic therapy, transpupillary thermotherapy, and radiation therapy. Stereotactic radiosurgery has recently been applied to the treatment of CH because of its characteristic stiff dose-fall-off and accuracy.

Hypopituitarism after Gamma Knife surgery for postoperative nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma.

OBJECTIVEThis study investigated long-term follow-up data on the combined pituitary function test (CPFT) in patients who had undergone transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) for nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma (NFPA) to determine the clinical parameters indicative of hypopituitarism following postoperative Gamma Knife surgery (GKS).METHODSBetween 2001 and 2015, a total of 971 NFPA patients underwent TSS, and 76 of them (7.8%) underwent postoperative GKS.

Intracranial squamous cell carcinoma arising in a cerebellopontine angle epidermoid cyst: A case report and literature review.

Rationale: Most of the intracranial epidermoid cysts are benign, but malignant lesions are occasionally reported. These lesions appear as squamous cell carcinoma and carry a dismal prognosis. Here, we report a case of a primary intracranial squamous cell carcinoma arising in a cerebellopontine epidermoid cyst.

Predictive Factors of Unfavorable Events After Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Vestibular Schwannoma.

Objective: Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKS) for the treatment of vestibular schwannoma (VS) introduces risks to the facial nerve and auditory perception and may involve post-treatment complications such as pseudoprogression, hydrocephalus, and other cranial neuropathies. This study of patients with VS who underwent GKS investigated radiosurgical results, focusing on post-treatment complications and identifying the factors that predict such complications.

Methods: We undertook a retrospective review of all VS patients treated with the Perfexion Leksell Gamma Knife between November 2007 and October 2010 at our institution.

Predictive factors of early distant brain failure after gamma knife radiosurgery alone in patients with brain metastases of non-small-cell lung cancer.

The objective of this study was to elucidate the predictive factors for early distant brain failure in patients with brain metastases of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who were treated with gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) without previous whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) or surgery. We retrospectively reviewed clinical and imaging data of 459 patients with brain metastases of NSCLC who underwent GKRS from June 2008 to December 2013. The primary end-point was early distant brain failure, defined as the detection of newly developed metastatic lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 3 months after GKRS.

Optimal Treatment Decision for Brain Metastases of Unknown Primary Origin: The Role and Timing of Radiosurgery.

Background: Up to 15% of all patients with brain metastases have no clearly detected primary site despite intensive evaluation, and this incidence has decreased with the use of improved imaging technology. Radiosurgery has been evaluated as one of the treatment modality for patients with limited brain metastases. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of radiosurgery for brain metastases from unknown primary tumors.

The Role of Radiosurgery in the Management of Benign Head and Neck Tumors.

Objective: Head and neck tumors are a heterogeneous group and often invade the skull base. Various radiation techniques can be used for these tumors when surgery is unavailable. This study investigated the indications for gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) in benign head and neck tumors.

Long-Term Results of Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Intracranial Meningioma.

Background: The predominant treatment modality for meningioma is surgical resection. However, gamma knife radiosurgery is also an important treatment modality for meningioma that is small or cannot be completely removed because of its location. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness and long-term results of radiosurgical treatment for meningioma in our institution.

Gamma Knife surgery for intracranial chordoma and chondrosarcoma: radiosurgical perspectives and treatment outcomes.

Object: Intracranial chordomas and chondrosarcomas are histologically low-grade, locally invasive tumors that are reported to be similar in terms of anatomical location, clinical presentation, and radiological findings but different in terms of behavior and outcomes. The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare clinical outcomes after Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) for the treatment of intracranial chordoma and chondrosarcoma.

Methods: The authors conducted a retrospective review of the results of radiosurgical treatment of intracranial chordomas and chondrosarcomas.

Gamma Knife surgery for facial nerve schwannomas.

Object: The aim of this study was to evaluate the tumor control rate and functional outcomes after Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) among patients with a facial nerve schwannoma.

Methods: The authors reviewed the radiological data and clinical records for 14 patients who had consecutively undergone GKS for a facial nerve schwannoma. Before GKS, 12 patients had facial palsy, 7 patients had hearing disturbance, and 5 patients had undergone partial or subtotal tumor resection.

Radiosurgery for radiosurgery-induced cavernous malformation.

Background: This report describes the use of radiosurgery for the treatment of a radiosurgery-induced cavernous malformation (CM).

Methods: A 21-year-old woman underwent stereotactic biopsy of a pineocytoma and subsequent gamma knife radiosurgery (marginal 14.5 Gy, 50%) for the lesion.

Optical imaging of somatosensory evoked potentials in the rat cerebral cortex after spinal cord injury.

Optical imaging techniques have made it possible to monitor neural activity and to determine its spatiotemporal patterns. Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) results in both the death of gray matter neurons and the disruption of ascending and descending white matter tracts at the injury site, leading to the loss of motor and sensory functions. In this study, we monitored and compared cortical responses to the stimulation of sensory tracts in normal control and spinal-cord-injured rats using an optical imaging technique based on a voltage-sensitive dye (VSD).

Gamma knife radiosurgery for idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia as primary vs. secondary treatment option.

Objective: To enable physicians to remain informed of secondary GKR after multiple surgical choices. This study compares gamma knife radiosurgery (GKR) as a first and a second treatment for the management of medically refractory idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia (TN).

Methods: Between May 1998 and May 2008, a total of 86 patients with idiopathic TN underwent GKR, with 62 patients receiving the treatment as a first therapy (primary GKR group) and 24 patients receiving the treatment as a second procedure (secondary GKR group).

Analysis of radiosurgical results in patients with brain metastases according to the number of brain lesions: is stereotactic radiosurgery effective for multiple brain metastases?

Object: Whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT), open resection, and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) are widely used for treatment of metastatic brain lesions, and many physicians recommend WBRT for multiple brain metastases. However, WBRT can be performed only once per patient, with rare exceptions. Some patients may require SRS for multiple metastatic brain lesions, particularly those patients harboring more than 10 lesions.

Gamma Knife surgery for low-flow cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistulas.

Object: The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) for treating cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistulas (CSDAVFs).

Methods: Of the 4123 GKSs performed between May 1992 and March 2009, 890 procedures were undertaken to treat vascular lesions. In 24 cases, the vascular lesion that was treated was a dural arteriovenous fistula, and in 6 of these cases, the lesion involved the cavernous sinus.

Gamma Knife surgery for large cerebral arteriovenous malformations.

Object: Treatment of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) is problematic due to many factors, including lesion size, lesion location, unacceptable complications, and negative outcomes. To overcome the limitation imposed by a large nidus volume, neurosurgeons have used Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) in a variety of ways, including combined with other treatment modalities, as volume-staged radiosurgery, and as repeat radiosurgery. We performed repeat radiosurgeries in patients who harbored large AVMs (> 30 cm(3)) and analyzed the AVM obliteration rates and complications.

The efficacy of gamma knife radiosurgery for advanced gastric cancer with brain metastases.

The aim of this study was to retrospectively investigate the efficacy of gamma knife radiosurgery for brain metastases from advanced gastric cancer (AGC) comparing whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT). Between January 1991 and May 2008, 56 patients with brain metastases from AGC, treated with GKR or WBRT, were reviewed to assess prognostic factors affecting survival. Most brain metastases were diagnosed based on MRI, both metachronous and synchronous brain metastases, adenocarcinoma and signet ring carcinoma were included, but excluded cases of gastric lymphoma.

59-year old female with suprasellar mass.

Intracranial capillary hemangiomas are extremely rare. Only 14 histologically proven cases have been reported in the literature. A 59-year-old-female presented with a severe headache for 3 weeks.

Recurrence rates after neuroendoscopic fenestration and Gamma Knife surgery in comparison with subtotal resection and Gamma Knife surgery for the treatment of cystic craniopharyngiomas.

Object: The object of this study was to compare the recurrence rates of cystic craniopharyngiomas after neuroendoscopic cyst fenestration combined with Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) and after subtotal resection (STR) combined with GKS.

Methods: The records of 27 patients (age range 3-66 years) with cystic craniopharyngiomas that were treated surgically or neuroendoscopically before GKS between January 2000 and December 2007 were reviewed to compare recurrence rates. The patients were divided into 2 groups: Group 1 (13 patients) received the neuroendoscopic procedure before GKS, and Group 2 (14 patients) received an STR followed by GKS.

Treatment modality for intractable epilepsy in hypothalamic hamartomatous lesions.

Objective: Hypothalamic hamartomas (HHs) are often associated with early-onset gelastic seizures, thus configuring a well recognized and usually severe case of childhood epilepsy syndrome. We present a treatment modality for intractable epilepsy in hypothalamic hamartomatous lesions.

Methods: This study presents 14 patients with medically refractory seizure associated with HHs treated between 1995 and 2005.

Management of intracranial cavernous malformation in pediatric patients.

Objective: Cavernous malformations (CMs) are vascular malformations affecting any part of the central nervous system. CMs in the pediatric age group are known to be different from those of adults both in origin and clinical characteristics. In this paper, we report our experience in managing CMs in pediatric patients.

Bilateral anterior cingulotomy for refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder: Long-term follow-up results.

Objective: To investigate the long-term efficacy and adverse cognitive effects of stereotactic bilateral anterior cingulotomy as a treatment for refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients.

Materials And Methods: Seventeen patients suffering from refractory OCD underwent stereotactic bilateral anterior cingulotomies and were followed for 24 months. The Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), the Clinical Global Impression and other neuropsychological tests were used to assess the efficacy and cognitive changes of cingulotomy.

Pineal cavernous malformations: report of two cases.

Pineal hemorrhage only occurs in rare cases, and this known to have several different causes such as germ cell tumors, pineal cysts and vascular malformations, including the cavernous malformations. Pineal cavernous malformations are extremely rare: to date only fifteen cases have been reported worldwide. Although the diagnosis of pineal cavernous malformation is not easy because of the extreme rareness of this condition, the presence of this lesion can be suspected based on its typical radiological findings.