Publications by authors named "Yong-Goo Kim"
Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) and pro-inflammatory cytokines are associated with the development of inhibitors for cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases. Here, we report on four natural sEH inhibitors isolated from the aerial parts of (Thunb.) Hyl.
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- The study investigated the effects of Coix sprouts extract on itching and immune response, finding that it can significantly reduce histamine release and IL-31 cytokines in HMC-1 cells.
- In a mouse model, the extract was more effective than prednisolone in relieving itching and improving skin conditions, including less mast cell infiltration.
- The extract also showed anti-inflammatory properties by suppressing various factors, suggesting it could be a valuable treatment option for inflammation and itching while having variations in its beneficial compounds based on growth time.
Inhibitory effects of phenylpropionamides from the hemp seed husk on tyrosinase.
Int J Biol Macromol
December 2024
Article Synopsis
- * From the hemp extract, nine compounds called phenylpropionamides were identified as tyrosinase inhibitors, with cannabisin A (3) and cannabisin B (4) showing the strongest effects.
- * Cannabisin A (3) acts as a non-competitive inhibitor and has been shown to reduce melanin production and tyrosinase activity in melanoma cells, indicating its potential as a therapeutic agent.
Article Synopsis
- Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is an enzyme linked to inflammation and cardiovascular diseases, and inhibiting it could help reduce nitric oxide (NO) production that worsens inflammation.* -
- Five flavonoids extracted from flowers were tested for their ability to inhibit sEH, showing varying degrees of effectiveness and confirming that they can significantly lower NO levels.* -
- One particular flavonoid compound demonstrated the highest efficacy in these tests, indicating its potential as a promising natural inhibitor for anti-inflammatory treatments.*
Article Synopsis
- There is increasing interest in plant-based foods for disease prevention, particularly focusing on adlay seeds, which contain beneficial compounds like coixol and coixenolide.
- A study evaluated adlay sprouts at different growth stages (days 3 to 11) for their antioxidant properties and toxicity, revealing peak coixol levels and antioxidant enzyme activity around days 3 to 5.
- The research suggests that while adlay sprouts grow significantly over time, harvesting them between the fifth and seventh days offers better economic benefits due to optimal antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
Article Synopsis
- Osteoporosis is a widespread condition, and this study examined the potential anti-osteoporosis effects and phytochemical profile of P. africana stem bark extracts using mouse bone marrow macrophages and zebrafish larvae.
- The experiments found that the methanolic extracts of P. africana significantly inhibited osteoclast activity (TRAP) and the production of inflammatory markers like Nitric Oxide (NO) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) while also showing promising cell viability.
- The research highlighted several bioactive compounds in the extracts with anti-osteoporosis potential and noted no signs of liver toxicity in the zebrafish larvae tested.
Article Synopsis
- Viniferin, a antioxidant compound derived from resveratrol, is gaining interest for use in cosmetics and health products, and can be produced through bioconversion in grapevine cell cultures.
- The study found that using conditioned medium from these cultures along with hydrogen peroxide effectively converted resveratrol into viniferin, with optimal conditions leading to a 64% conversion efficiency.
- This research suggests that using plant callus culture mediums for viniferin production is a simple, cost-effective method for creating valuable compounds in vitro.
Characteristics of amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells derived from term and preterm labor.
Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol
January 2022
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the gene expression profiles of amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells (AMSCs) obtained from preterm and term labor to understand their differences and similarities.
- Researchers isolated AMSCs from 43 placentas and conducted microarray analysis, revealing that preterm AMSCs showed different gene expression patterns related to inflammation and cellular processes compared to term AMSCs.
- The findings suggest that increased expression of the CDKN2A gene in AMSCs may be linked to placental aging and labor, marking a significant contribution to understanding labor mechanisms.
Root Extract of a Micropropagated Medicinal Plant Induced Apoptosis in Human Prostate Cancer Cells (PC-3) via Caspase-3 Activation.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med
January 2022
Article Synopsis
- * A study evaluated the cytotoxic effects of ethanolic root extracts from micropropagated plants on PC-3 prostate cancer cells, comparing them to traditional stem-bark extracts.
- * Results showed that both extracts had dose-dependent anti-cancer effects, with the root extracts showing potential as an alternative treatment, which may also help preserve endangered plant species.
Antioxidant Activity, Polyphenolic Content, and FT-NIR Analysis of Different Medicinal Plant Tissues.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med
September 2021
Article Synopsis
- The text discusses the traditional medicinal use of a specific plant in Africa, emphasizing its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties linked to secondary metabolites like alkaloids and polyphenolics.
- Different plant samples, such as callus, juvenile leaves, and roots, were tested for their antioxidant activity using DPPH free radical scavenging methods, revealing varying levels of total phenolic and flavonoid content.
- The study identifies IR (roots) as having the highest antioxidant potential, suggesting that IR, CA (callus), and WL (wild leaves) could serve as promising natural sources for developing pharmaceutical antioxidants.
Article Synopsis
- C. D. Adams is a significant medicinal plant used traditionally in Africa for treating various health issues like inflammation, diabetes, and malaria.
- A successful tissue culture protocol was developed to regenerate this plant from nodal segments using Murashige and Skoog media and specific hormones, achieving high shoot and root production.
- The study found that regenerated plants had a 95.7% survival rate during acclimatization and shared similar growth characteristics with maternal plants, suggesting this method could support large-scale propagation and conservation of the species.
Article Synopsis
- * The D816V mutation was linked to higher relapse rates and poorer survival post-transplant, while pre- and post-transplant MRD assessments helped predict these outcomes, indicating better sensitivity at later time points.
- * The results showed that Auto-HSCT was more beneficial for MRD-negative patients without D816V mutations, while Allo-HSCT was better for those with this mutation; patients with both MRD positivity and
Article Synopsis
- * The study focuses on a rare medicinal plant that requires new propagation methods due to difficulties with seed growth, highlighting the urgent need for increased populations.
- * Researchers developed a successful micropropagation protocol using nodal segment explants, achieving 100% axillary shoot initiation and 75% root initiation with specific hormonal and nutritional supplements.
- * The acclimatized plantlets showed a 98% survival rate, similar photosynthetic performance to the maternal plant, and genetic fidelity, making this protocol viable for large-scale cultivation to meet market demands.
Antiosteoporosis Activity and Hepatotoxicity Evaluation in Zebrafish Larvae of Bark Extracts of Medicinal Plant.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med
September 2020
Article Synopsis
- Osteoporosis is a major global health issue linked to weakened bones, prompting increased research into natural treatments, including various bark extracts.* -
- This study assessed the antiosteoporosis effects and potential liver toxicity of these extracts by examining their impact on mouse bone cells and nitric oxide production in specific cell lines.* -
- Results showed that the bark extracts significantly reduced harmful TRAP activity in bone cells and did not cause liver damage in zebrafish larvae, indicating potential for future osteoporosis drug development.*
Article Synopsis
- - Thunb. is a perennial plant used in Korean traditional medicine, especially its tuber, known for containing beneficial compounds like emodin and TSG that enhance health.
- - A study compared the medicinal properties and production of tubers from tissue-cultured seedlings (CSs) to traditional seed-grown seedlings (SSs) over a year, finding CSs had larger tubers, while SSs had heavier rootlets.
- - Although the levels of TSG in CSs were slightly higher than in SSs, the differences weren't significant, indicating that CSs may be better for mass production in future medicinal applications.
Effects of Processed with KIOM Patent on Bone Remodeling-Related Protein Expression in Human Osteoblast-Like SaOS-2 Cells.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med
April 2020
Article Synopsis
- * It compared raw and processed samples that were cooked using black bean juice, revealing that the steamed samples reduced RANKL expression while increasing several important bone-related proteins such as osteoprotegerin and alkaline phosphatase.
- * The findings suggest that these processed items could serve as a potential alternative treatment for various bone-related conditions like osteoporosis and periodontitis.
Article Synopsis
- The study focuses on a perennial plant, (Gaertn.) DC, which is commonly used in oriental medicine and is typically grown from rootstock, leading to challenges like root rot and low productivity.
- The research aimed to identify differences in characteristics among standard rootstock seedlings (SR), culture rootstock seedlings (CR), and culture seedlings (CS) under field conditions, noting that SR had poorer flowering and smaller leaves compared to CR and CS.
- Analysis revealed that the fresh and dry weights of CR and CS were significantly higher than SR, while chemical constituents, particularly catalpol, showed slight differences, indicating that using culture products could help improve mass production of this plant.
Article Synopsis
- * The plant's different parts—like pulp, leaves, seeds, stem bark, and roots—contain bioactive compounds such as alkaloids and flavonoids that enhance its medicinal effects by inhibiting key biological processes related to inflammation and pain.
- * Preclinical studies support the plant's potential for treating conditions like arthritis, justifying its traditional use and paving the way for more research and possible drug development in the future.
Article Synopsis
- * Introduced an optimized aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) that isolates EVs with ~100% efficiency in about 30 minutes, significantly outperforming traditional ultracentrifugation methods by 14 times.
- * Demonstrated that ATPS provides high-quality EVs containing cancer-related proteins and genes, enhancing the specificity and sensitivity of prostate cancer diagnoses compared to conventional methods.
Article Synopsis
- EGFR-TKIs are effective in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR mutations, but patients often develop resistance to these therapies.
- The study found that the protein ANT2 is overexpressed in gefitinib-resistant NSCLC cells and contributes to this resistance by affecting cell viability and signaling pathways.
- Targeting ANT2 may offer a new approach to overcoming EGFR-TKI resistance, as its inhibition sensitized resistant cells to gefitinib and impacted key cancer-related signaling mechanisms.
Article Synopsis
- A study compared two alfalfa cultivars, NM-801 (salt-tolerant) and VN (salt-intolerant), under salt stress to understand their differences in salt tolerance.
- Seedlings were exposed to 50 and 100 mM NaCl for three days, leading to physiological assessments and root proteome profiling, which showed that NM-801 had a better physiological response to salt stress.
- The analysis identified 83 differential proteins, with 33 responding to salt in both cultivars and 17 being unique to each; several key proteins related to stress response were found to be significantly up-regulated in NM-801, including newly identified proteins like NAD synthetase.
A target model construction algorithm for robust real-time mean-shift tracking.
Sensors (Basel)
November 2014
Article Synopsis
- Mean-shift tracking is gaining popularity due to its ability to implement real-time and reliable tracking.
- The paper introduces a new method for generating an indicator function that minimizes background clutter by using prior knowledge about the target model.
- Results show that this improved target model enhances the robustness and accuracy of mean-shift object tracking.
Article Synopsis
- The study explores the reprogramming of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) patients into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) using a 4-in-1 lentiviral vector system.
- After transforming these FLSs, the resulting iPSCs demonstrated key pluripotency markers and characteristics similar to embryonic stem cells, indicating they have retained their stem-like properties.
- The successful formation of pluripotent iPSCs, along with their ability to differentiate into osteoblasts, highlights their potential for future clinical applications in disease modeling and molecular diagnostics.
Article Synopsis
- Exosomes are tiny vesicles released by various cell types that contain genetic materials, indicating their role in communication between cells.
- Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can migrate to tumors and may influence tumor progression, but the effects of MSC-derived exosomes specifically need more research.
- In this study, MSC-derived exosomes were found to reduce the expression of a protein called VEGF, which is important for blood vessel formation in tumors, hinting at their potential to inhibit angiogenesis and alter tumor behavior through their molecular content.