Inversion of nitrogen and phosphorus contents in cotton leaves based on the Gaussian mixture model and differences in hyperspectral features of UAV.

The nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) contents in cotton leaves can directly reflect growth conditions. Rapid and nondestructive acquisition of the N and P content in cotton leaves at the field scale is essential for rational fertilization strategies and precision agriculture. However, traditional direct destructive sampling in the field is performed at the sample point scale, which cannot rapidly obtain cotton leaf N and P content from the entire field.

Influence of suspended particles and dissolved organic matters on virus enrichment in reclaimed water by two-step tangential flow ultrafiltration: Phenomena and mechanisms.

Enteric virus concentration in large-volume water samples is crucial for detection and essential for assessing water safety. Certain dissolution and suspension components can affect the enrichment process. In this study, tangential flow ultrafiltration (TFUF) was used as an enrichment method for recovering enteric virus in water samples.

sp. nov. and sp. nov., isolated from seawater of the Yellow Sea.

Two novel Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-motile and rod-shaped bacteria, designated as WL0004 and XHP0148, were isolated from seawater samples collected from the coastal areas of Nantong and Lianyungang, PR China, respectively. Both strains were found to grow at 10-42 °C (optimum, 37 °C) and with 2.0-5.

Effects of six different microbial strains on polyphenol profiles, antioxidant activity, and bioaccessibility of blueberry pomace with solid-state fermentation.

To explore the effect of different microbial strains on blueberry pomace with solid-state fermentation (SSF), three fungi strains and three lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains were utilized to investigate with respect to polyphenol profiles, antioxidant capacities, and bioaccessibility. Different strains exhibited different capacities for metabolizing polyphenolic compounds in blueberry pomace. The contents of 10 phenolic acids and 6 flavonoids (except (+)-catechin) were increased in blueberry pomace fermented by (LA).

Effects of maize straw and its biochar application on soil organic carbon chemical composition and carbon degradation genes in a Moso bamboo forest.

We investigated the effects of maize straw and its biochar application on soil organic carbon chemical composition, the abundance of carbon degradation genes (I) and the composition of I gene community in a Moso bamboo forest, to provide the theoretical and scientific basis for enhancing carbon sequestration. We conducted a one-year field experiment in a subtropical Moso bamboo forest with three treatments: control (0 t C·hm), maize straw (5 t C·hm), and maize straw biochar (5 t C·hm). Soil samples were collected at the 3 and 12 months after the treatment.

Lignan glycosides from Fritillaria verticillata Willd. and their anti-inflammatory activities.

Three undescribed lignan glycosides, echiunines E-G (1-3), as well as eight known compounds (4-11) were isolated from Fritillaria verticillata Willd. Among them, compounds 1-3 were a series of lignan glycosides reported for the first time from genus Fritillaria. Their structures were elucidated by analyses of extensive spectroscopic data and comparison of the NMR data with those reported previously, the absolute configuration of compounds were further confirmed by calculated ECD method.

Synthesis and structural characterization of β -cyclodextrin butenate.

β-cyclodextrin butenate was synthesized by using N, N'-Carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) activating reagent and 4-Dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) as catalyst. The best preparation condition of β-CD butenate was described as below: reaction temperature was 25°C, concentration of 2-butenoic acid was 450 mmol/L, concentration of DMAP was 12.5 mmol/L and reaction time was 20 minutes and at this condition the yield of β-CD butenate was 0.

[Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Management on CH and NO Emissions in Paddy Field].

Methane (CH) and nitrous oxide (NO) are two extremely important greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Nitrogen fertilizer is an important factor affecting CH and NO emissions in rice fields. Rational application of nitrogen fertilizer can not only promote high yields of rice but also reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

[Effects of nitrogen deposition and biochar application on soil NO fluxes in a Moso bamboo plantation].

In July 2019-July 2020, we conducted a field trial to examine the effects of nitrogen addition (60 kg N·hm·a), biochar application (10 t·hm), and their combination on soil NO emission and the relationship between soil NO emission and environmental factors in a typical Moso bamboo () plantation in Hangzhou City of Zhejiang Province. Soil NO flux of Moso bamboo plantation was measured by the static chamber-gas chromatography technique. The results showed that nitrogen addition treatment increased the annual cumulative NO emission by 14.

[Effects of different tea plantation ages on soil microbial community structure and diversity].

We investigated the effects of tea plantation age on soil microbial community structure and diversity with surface and subsurface soil samples (0-20 and 20-40 cm) from tea plantation at different ages (0, 20, 25, 38 and 48 years). We analyzed soil bacterial and fungal communities by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) and real-time quantitative PCR techniques. The results showed that soil physicochemical properties changed significantly after planting tea.

Complete chloroplast genome of a wild-type ellis (rubiaceae) adapted to island climate.

Ellis is a traditional aromatic and medicinal plant in China. Here, the complete chloroplast genome of a wild-type gardenia adapted to island climate was assembled. The assembled genome was 155,247 bp in length, with four typical regions, i.

[Effects of planting broadleaf trees and Moso bamboo on soil carbon mineralization and microbial community structure].

We conducted a pot experiment to investigate the effects of planting broadleaf tree species (i.e., , , and ) and Moso bamboo () on soil carbon mineralization and microbial community structure.

Phylogeography and the population genetic structure of flowering cherry (Rosaceae) in subtropical and temperate China.

(Rosaceae) is an important flowering cherry resource which is valuable for developing new cultivars of flowering cherries. It is broadly distributed and possesses abundant variations. In this study, phylogeographic analysis was conducted to reveal the evolutionary history to better understand the genetic diversity and genetic structure of so as to provide more accurate molecular insights into better conservation and utilization of the germplasm resources.

Functional supramolecular gels based on pillar[n]arene macrocycles.

Supramolecular gels constructed from low-molecular-weight gelators via noncovalent interactions have received increasing attention. The rapid development of stimuli-responsive supramolecular gels with attractive properties is highly desirable to meet the ever-growing demand of materials science and chemistry. The inherent reversible and dynamic nature of noncovalent interactions in supramolecular gels endows the materials with sensing, processing, and actuating functions in response to specific environmental changes and offers them great potential in flexible biomaterials and intelligent devices.

Novel pillar[5]arene-based supramolecular organic framework gel for ultrasensitive response Fe and F in water.

A novel supramolecular organic framework gel (PQPA) has been constructed by a novel bilateral 8-hydroxyquinoline modified pillar[5]arene host (P5Q) and a bilateral bromohexyl functionalized pillar[5]arene guest (P5C6). Interestingly, the gel PQPA shows special selective and ultrasensitive sensing property for Fe. The limit of lowest detection (LOD) of gel PQPA for Fe is 0.

[Effects of global change on methane uptake in forest soils and its mechanisms: A revie].

Elevated atmospheric CO concentration, altered precipitation regime, increased nitrogen deposition, and land cover change have not only changed the physical and chemical properties of forest soils, but also affected plant growth and microbial activity, with concequences on soil carbon and nitrogen cycles, including soil CH uptake. In this study, we summarized the important role of soil CH uptake in forests under global change scenarios. The differences of responses as well as the underlying mechanisms of soil CH uptake in forests to global change were reviewed.

Multi-stimuli-responsive supramolecular gel constructed by pillar[5]arene-based pseudorotaxanes for efficient detection and separation of multi-analytes in aqueous solution.

Here, a novel pseudorotaxanes-type crosslinker of a supramolecular polymer network (WP5-PN) has been constructed from a host water-soluble pillar[5]arene (WP5) and a guest naphthalene dimethylamine derivative (PN) via a stepwise process involving multiple non-covalent interactions. The obtained supramolecular polymers were able to transform into a supramolecular polymer gel (WP5-PN-G) and show AIE properties in DMSO-H2O binary solution. Interestingly, due to the dynamic and reversible nature of non-covalent interactions, the resultant supramolecular polymer gels exhibited external stimuli-responsiveness to different parameters, such as temperature, acid-base, competitive guest and mechanical stress.

The synthesis of water-soluble CDM-AM copolymer by irradiation and its solubilization effect on hydrophobic drugs.

The β-cyclodextrin-acrylamide (CDM-AM) copolymer was prepared from acrylamide and β-CD maleate (CDM) using Co γ-ray irradiation method. The optimized preparation conditions for the CDM-AM copolymer are as follows: CDM:AM mass ratio of 1:1; irradiation dose of 4 kGy; and using 20 mL of DMF water solution. The yield rate of CDM-AM was 75% in grams using these synthetic conditions.

[Effects of different fertilization regimes on soil fungal communities under Phyllostachys violascens stand].

In order to investigate the effect of fertilization on soil fungal community of Phyllostachys violascens stand, we characterized the abundance and community structure of soil fungi using the methods of terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) and real-time quantitative PCR. The experimental treatments included blank control (CK), chemical fertilizer (CF), organic manure (M), mixture of chemical fertilizer and organic manure (CFM) and mixture of chemical fertilizer and organic manure plus mulching (CFMM). The results showed that fungal community structure and diversity were markedly affected by different fertilization regimes.

A novel pillar[5]arene-based supramolecular organic framework gel to achieve an ultrasensitive response by introducing the competition of cationπ and ππ interactions.

Ultrasensitive response properties are an intriguing concern for stimuli-responsive materials. Herein, we report a novel method to achieve an ultrasensitive response by introducing the competition of cationπ and ππ interactions into a pillar[5]arene-based supramolecular organic framework (SOF-AMP). SOF-AMP was constructed with a novel bis-naphthalimide functionalized pillar[5]arene, which was able to form a stable supramolecular gel (SOF-AMP-G) in cyclohexanol.

End-Modifications on Morpholino Oligos.

Modifications at either end, both ends, or in-between the ends of a Morpholino oligo provide functional groups for further conjugation. Amino groups are the most useful and efficient reactive entities for chemical bonding with other molecules. The combination of modifications at both ends, especially with double functionalization at the 3'-end, yields myriad opportunities for diverse applications.

[Effects of intensive management on soil C and N pools and soil enzyme activities in Moso bamboo plantations.].

In order to elucidate the effects of intensive management on soil carbon pool, nitrogen pool, enzyme activities in Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) plantations, we collected soil samples from the soil surface (0-20 cm) and subsurface (20-40 cm) layers in the adjacent Moso bamboo plantations with extensive and intensive managements in Sankou Township, Lin'an City, Zhejiang Province. We determined different forms of C, N and soil invertase, urease, catalase and acid phosphatase activities. The results showed that long-term intensive management of Moso bamboo plantations significantly decreased the content and storage of soil organic carbon (SOC), with the SOC storage in the soil surface and subsurface layers decreased by 13.

[Early total care pattern for intertrochanteric fracture of femur in the elderly].

Objective: To evaluate clinical results of early total care (ETC) treatment for elderly patients with intertrochanteric femur fractures.

Methods: Clinical data of 106 elderly patients with intertrochanteric fracture treated from January 2012 and February 2015 were retrospectively studied. According to whether receiving the early total care mode, the patients were divided into 2 groups, 34 cases were diagnosed and treated with early total care pattern (ETC group), including 14 males and 20 females with an average age of (74.

[Effects of Phyllostachys edulis invasion of native broadleaf forest on soil fungal community].

To investigate variation of soil fungal community in response to invasion of Phyllostachys edulis into native broadleaf forest, we characterized the community structure and the abundance of fungi in soil under bamboo (BB), mixture forest of bamboo and broadleaf (MF) and broadleaf forest (BL) using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) and real-time quantitative PCR. The results showed that the most obvious difference in the soil fungal community structure was observed between the BB and BF stands, followed by that between the MF and BL. Shannon index and evenness index of soil fungi were higher in the MF than in the BB and BL.

[Effects of conversion of evergreen broad-leaved forest to Chinese chestnut plantation on soil organic carbon pools.].

Converting natural forests to plantations significantly affects the characteristics of soil organic carbon (C) pools, due to the changes of vegetation cover and management practices. In this paper, to investigate the effects of conversion from evergreen broad-leaved forest (EBF) to Chinese chestnut plantation (CP) on soil organic C pool, the soils from surface (0-20 cm) and subsurface (20-40 cm) layers were sampled from the above two forests (the CP was converted from the EBF and had been intensively managed for 10 years) in Lin'an City, Zhejiang Province. The soil orga-nic C storage, labile organic C pools, and other basic soil properties were determined.