Vigilant Attention, Cerebral Blood Flow and Grey Matter Volume Change after 36 h of Acute Sleep Deprivation in Healthy Male Adults: A Pilot Study.

It is commonly believed that alertness and attention decrease after sleep deprivation (SD). However, there are not enough studies on the changes in psychomotor vigilance testing (PVT) during SD and the corresponding changes in brain function and brain structure after SD. Therefore, we recruited 30 healthy adult men to perform a 36 h acute SD experiment, including the measurement of five indicators of PVT every 2 h, and analysis of cerebral blood flow (CBF) and grey matter volume (GMV) changes, before and after SD by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Altered Hypothalamic Functional Connectivity Following Total Sleep Deprivation in Young Adult Males.

Sleep deprivation can markedly influence vigilant attention that is essential to complex cognitive processes. The hypothalamus plays a critical role in arousal and attention regulation. However, the functional involvement of the hypothalamus in attentional impairments after total sleep deprivation (TSD) remains unclear.

Disrupted Small-world Networks are Associated with Decreased Vigilant Attention after Total Sleep Deprivation.

Sleep deprivation critically affects vigilant attention. Previous neuroimaging studies have revealed altered inter-regional functional connectivity after sleep deprivation, which may disrupt topological properties of brain functional networks. However, little is known about alterations in the topology of intrinsic connectivity and its involvement in attention performance after sleep deprivation.

Altered insula-prefrontal functional connectivity correlates to decreased vigilant attention after total sleep deprivation.

Background: Sleep deprivation can robustly affect vigilant attention. The insula is a key hub of the salience network that mediates shifting attention between endogenous and exogenous states. However, little is known regarding the involvement of insular functional connectivity in impaired vigilant attention after total sleep deprivation (TSD).

Altered functional connectivity between the nucleus basalis of Meynert and anterior cingulate cortex is associated with declined attentional performance after total sleep deprivation.

Background: Sleep deprivation can markedly influence vigilant attention. The nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM), the main source of cholinergic projections to the cortex, plays an important role in wakefulness maintenance and attention control. However, the involvement of NBM in attentional impairments after total sleep deprivation (TSD) has yet to be established.

[Effect of 36h total sleep deprivation on the object working memory: an ERP study].

To investigate the effects of 36 h total sleep deprivation (TSD) on object working memory by event related potential(ERP). We used a pre-post-design, sixteen healthy college students (age range: 21-28 years, mean age: 23 years) received object working memory tasks while awake and after 36 hours of TSD and simultaneously recording electroencephalograph (EEG) data while completing 2-back object working memory tasks. ERP data were statistically analyzed using repeated measurements analysis of variance to observe the changes in the working memory-related P2, N2 and P3 components.

Relation of Decreased Functional Connectivity Between Left Thalamus and Left Inferior Frontal Gyrus to Emotion Changes Following Acute Sleep Deprivation.

The thalamus is a key node for sleep-wake pathway gate switching during acute sleep deprivation (ASD), and studies have shown that it plays a certain role in emotion changes. However, there are no studies on the association between the thalamus and emotion changes in ASD. In this study, we used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (R-fMRI) to explore whether changes in the functional connections between the thalamus and other brain regions are related to emotion changes and further explored the function of the thalamus under total ASD conditions.

[The effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on dysfunction of bilateral posterior cingulate cortex after sleep deprivation: a preliminary study].

To investigate the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on the disturbance of brain network dysfunction after sleep deprivation (SD). The experimental design of self-control was used in the study. All 16 subjects received 2 times of 24 h SD with an interval of 3 weeks.

Medication of l-tetrahydropalmatine significantly ameliorates opiate craving and increases the abstinence rate in heroin users: a pilot study.

Aim: Drug addiction is a chronic brain disease with constant relapse requiring long-term treatment. New pharmacological strategies focus on the development of an effective antirelapse drug. This study examines the effects of levotetrahydropalmatine (l-THP) on reducing heroin craving and increasing the abstinence rate among heroin-dependent patients.

Dynamic neural responses to cue-reactivity paradigms in heroin-dependent users: an fMRI study.

Neuroimaging methods have been employed to study cue-reactivity-induced neural correlates in the human brain. However, very few studies have focused on characterizing the dynamic neural responses to the factorial interactions between the cues and the subjects. Fifteen right-handed heroin-dependent subjects and 12 age-matched nondrug using subjects participated in this study.