Regional and age difference of human rabies prevalence of the past fourteen years in China.

Objective: The aim of this study is to describe the epidemiological characteristics about regional and age difference of human rabies in the past fourteen years in China, and provide a reliable epidemiology basis for further control and prevention of human rabies.

Methods: The database of "China Public Health Science Data Center" affiliated Chinese CDC was searched with the key words of "rabies" or "epidemiology" or "morbidity" or "mortality" from 2004 to 2018 and the corresponding data about human rabies cases was collected referred to regional and age difference for describing the epidemiological characteristics of human rabies.

Results: In this study, a total of nearly 26,315 rabies cases (1754 ± 253) and 25,691 rabies-related deaths (1712 ± 255) (Mean ± SE) were reported, and a decreasing trend about the morbidity and mortality of human rabies existed from 0.

A Functional Polymorphism in HIF-3α Is Related to an Increased Risk of Ischemic Stroke.

Hypoxia-inducible factor-3α (HIF-3α), a member of HIF family, can mediate adaptive responses to low oxygen and ischemia. It is believed that HIF plays crucial roles in stroke-related diseases. However, there are no reports on the association between HIF-3α genetic variants and ischemic stroke (IS) susceptibility.

Epidemiological analyses of regional and age differences of HIV/AIDS prevalence in China, 2004-2016.

Objectives: To describe the prevalence of HIV/AIDS in China from 2004 to 2016 and to assess whether regional and age differences exist with HIV/AIDS infection.

Methods: We searched the Chinese Public Health Science Data Center by the keywords of "HIV" or "AIDS", and collected the data referred to HIV/AIDS morbidity, mortality, and new HIV infection rate, 2004 to 2016.

Results: The HIV/AIDS morbidity, mortality, and new HIV infection rate continually increased per year in China from 2004 to 2016 (0.

Interaction of renin-angiotensin system gene polymorphisms with hypertension in Chinese patients with type 1 diabetes and retinopathy.

Background: The objective of this research was to investigate the interaction of RAS gene polymorphisms in Chinese patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes and genotyping for the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene I/D and angiotensinogen (AGT) gene M/T polymorphisms was performed using the polymerase chain reaction method. 311 T1DM patients were recruited for the assessment of ACE and AGT polymorphisms relating to DR.

Family history and renin-angiotensin system gene polymorphisms in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

A positive family history is recognized as an important risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but the association of family history with rennin-angiotensin system (RAS) gene polymorphisms has not been reported yet, thus we aim to investigate it.Family history records, clinical and biochemical data were obtained from 1239 T2DM patients. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed for angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) genotyping and PCR-restricted fragment length polymorphism was used for angiotensinogen (AGT) genotyping.

The relationship between ACE/AGT gene polymorphisms and the risk of diabetic retinopathy in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes.

Aims: This study aims to investigate the association between renin-angiotensin system gene polymorphism and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: We consecutively included 1491 patients for the assessment of ACE I/D and AGT M/T gene polymorphisms in 345 DR cases and 1146 patients without retinopathy (DNR). Albuminuria was defined by urine albumin creatinine ratio and albumin excretion rate.

Risk for cancer in living kidney donors and recipients.

Objective: Malignancy following renal transplantation remains inconsistent with the reported safety of kidney donation during the long-term follow-up.

Methods: We conducted searches of the published literature which included healthy participants, recipients, living kidney donors (LKDs), and the availability of outcome data for malignancy. Eight from 938 potentially relevant studies were analyzed by means of fixed-effects model or random-effects model, as appropriately.

Efficacy and safety of pramlintide injection adjunct to insulin therapy in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aims: We aim to assess the efficacy and safety of pramlintide plus insulin therapy in patients with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: We included clinical studies comparing pramlintide plus insulin to placebo plus insulin. Efficacy was reflected by glycemic control and reduction in body weight and insulin use.

Climates on incidence of childhood type 1 diabetes mellitus in 72 countries.

We are aimed to systematically assess the worldwide trend in incidence of childhood type 1 diabetes mellitus (CT1DM) from 1965 to 2012 and to discuss whether climate affect incidence of CT1DM. We searched the relevant literatures in detail to judge the effect of different climates on incidence of CT1DM. The climates included Mediterranean, monsoon, oceanic, continental, savanna, and rainforest.

Human amylin induces CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in the protection from autoimmune diabetes.

Autoimmune diabetes is a disorder of immune homeostasis that leads to targeted insulin-secreting islet β cell destruction characterized by insulitis. Human amylin (hA) is an important neuroendocrine hormone co-secreted with insulin by pancreatic β cells. Here, we report hA immune-modulatory action through inducing regulatory T cells.

The Yin and Yang of regulatory T cell and therapy progress in autoimmune disease.

Autoimmune diseases (ADs) are primarily mediated by the failure of immunological self-tolerance. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a critical role in the maintenance of induced tolerance to peripheral self-antigens, suppressing immoderate immune responses deleterious to the host and preventing the AD development. Tregs and suppressive cytokines are homeostatic with effective cells plus pro-inflammatory cytokines in healthy hosts which is defined as "Yang", and ADs are usually induced in case of disturbed homeostasis, which is defined as "Yin".

The change of serum tumor necrosis factor alpha in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: The aim of this study was used meta-analysis to investigate changes of serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

Methods: Relevant literatures were identified from PubMed, Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang and Chinese-Cqvip databases (published from January 1, 1999 to September 30, 2016). Eligible reports were included for pooled analysis of serum TNF-α level and subgroup analysis was performed in relation with age, disease duration and ethnicity.

Serum TNF-α concentrations in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and diabetic nephropathy patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate whether the concentrations of serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, increased in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and type 2 diabetic nephropathy (T2DN) patients.

Methods: The four databases (PubMed, CNKI, WanFang and Chinese-Cqvip) were searched from Jan 1, 1999 to October 1, 2016 for all clinical case-control studies about the serum TNF-α concentrations in T2DM and T2DN patients. All relevant data were extracted from published reports.

Changes of transforming growth factor beta 1 in patients with type 2 diabetes and diabetic nephropathy: A PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The existing evidence indicates increased levels of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and those with type 2 diabetic nephropathy (T2DN); yet no meta-analysis displays a reliable result. Here we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate characteristic changes of TGF-β1 in T2DM and diabetic nephropathy.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted for eligible studies, which reported the association of TGF-β1 withT2DM and T2DN patients, in PubMed, Wangfang, Chinese-Cqvip, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure database, from February 1, 1991 to December 15, 2015.

Correlation between serum interleukin-6 level and type 1 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This report aimed to explore the association between the change of circulating interleukin-6 (IL-6) in patients and the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

Methods: Four databases (PubMed, CNKI, WanFang and Civip) were used to search and list all clinical case-control studies about serum IL-6 level in T1DM patients between Jan 1, 2000 and Aug 31, 2016.

Results: A total of 20 case-control studies with 1238 T1DM patients and 742 healthy controls were included in this study.

Changes of Regulatory T Cells and of Proinflammatory and Immunosuppressive Cytokines in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes of regulatory T cells (Treg), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, transforming growth factor- (TGF-), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). .

Changes of regulatory T cells, transforming growth factor-beta and interleukin-10 in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Regulatory T lymphocyte cells (Treg) associated with interleukin-10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) have implicated in the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), yet the existing evidence remains unclear. Hereby we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to characterize the changes in T1DM patients. A total of 1407 T1DM patients and 1373 healthy controls from 40 case-control studies were eventually included in the pooling analysis.